©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 21, 2020; 26(3): 353-365
Published online Jan 21, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i3.353
Published online Jan 21, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i3.353
Table 1 Demographic characteristics of patients with programmed cell death-1 inhibitor-related sclerosing cholangitis
| Patient characteristics | Value |
| Age, median (range, yr) | 67.0 (43–89) |
| Sex, male/female | 21/10 |
| Primary disease | |
| NSCLC | 20 |
| Melanoma | 4 |
| GC | 3 |
| BC | 2 |
| SCLC | 1 |
| Epithelioid mesothelioma | 1 |
| Drugs | |
| Nivolumab | 19 |
| Pembrolizumab | 10 |
| Avelumab | 1 |
| Durvalumab | 1 |
| Atezolizumab | 0 |
| Treatment cycles until onset | 5.5 (1–27) |
| Symptoms | |
| Abdominal pain or discomfort | 11 |
| Fever | 6 |
| Jaundice | 4 |
| Vomiting | 2 |
| Appetite loss | 2 |
| Diarrhea or soft stool | 2 |
| Skin disorder | 2 |
| General fatigue | 1 |
| Backache | 1 |
| None (liver dysfunction) | 8 |
| Liver functional test | |
| T-Bil, median (range, mg/dL) | 0.75 (0.3–15.9) |
| AST, median (range, U/L) | 129.0 (49–961) |
| ALT, median (range, U/L) | 125.0 (31–1536) |
| ALP, median (range, U/L) | 1543.0 (237–5066) |
| GGT, median (range, U/L) | 452.0 (114–2094) |
| Serological test | |
| IgG, median (range, U/L) | 1230.0 (1050-1789) |
| IgA, median (range, U/L) | 297.5 (199-474.4) |
| IgM, median (range, U/L) | 64.0 (38-94) |
| IgG4, ≥ 135 U/L / < 135 U/L | 1/12 |
| Antinuclear antibody, ≥ 40 / < 40 | 7/12 |
| Imaging findings | |
| Biliary stenosis | 8 |
| Intrahepatic bile duct | 3 |
| Extrahepatic bile duct | 1 |
| Multiple | 4 |
| Absence | 15 |
| Biliary dilation | |
| Presence/Absence | 20 / 6 |
| Hypertrophy of the biliary tract | 20 |
| Diffuse | 19 |
| Gallbladder | 1 |
| Absence | 1 |
| Pathological findings | |
| Liver | 15 |
| Inflammation | 15 |
| Biliary or peribiliary tract | 14 |
| -CD 8+ T cells dominant | 8 |
| Lobular hepatitis | 2 |
| Bile duct | 8 |
| Inflammation | 8 |
| -CD 8+ T cells dominant | 2 |
| Gallbladder | 2 |
| Inflammation | 2 |
| -CD 8+ T cells dominant | 1 |
| Therapy | |
| Corticosteroid | 26 |
| UDCA | 13 |
| MMF | 6 |
| Tacrolimus | 1 |
| Bezafibrate | 1 |
| Response to steroid therapy | |
| Good | 3 |
| Moderate | 15 |
| Poor | 8 |
- Citation: Onoyama T, Takeda Y, Yamashita T, Hamamoto W, Sakamoto Y, Koda H, Kawata S, Matsumoto K, Isomoto H. Programmed cell death-1 inhibitor-related sclerosing cholangitis: A systematic review. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26(3): 353-365
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v26/i3/353.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v26.i3.353