Abdominal compartment syndrome: Often overlooked conditions in medical intensive care units

Table 2 Risk factors for the development of intra-abdominal hypertension/abdominal compartment syndrome

Reduced abdominal wall compliance

Obesity

Abdominal surgery

Prone positioning

Rectus sheath hematoma

Burns with abdominal eschars

Mechanical ventilation with high positive end-expiratory pressure

Ventilator dyssynchrony

Increased intra-luminal contents

Gastric distention

Gastroparesis

Colonic pseudo-obstruction

Volvulus

Abdominal tumor

Intra-abdominal or retroperitoneal tumor

Damage control laparotomy

Enteral feeding

Abdominal cavity collections

Ascites

Hemoperitoneum

Pneumoperitoneum

Major trauma

Laparoscopy with excessive inflation pressures

Peritoneal dialysis

Abdominal inflammation-peritonitis, pancreatitis

Abdominal abscess

Capillary leak and fluid resuscitation

Acidosis

Hypothermia

Coagulopathy

Massive transfusion

Trauma

Sepsis

Large volume fluid resuscitation

Major burns