Optimal proximal resection margin distance for gastrectomy in advanced gastric cancer

Table 3 Clinicopathologic factors depending on the distance from the proximal resection margin in patients who underwent curative total gastrectomy, n (%)

Variables	PRM (cm)				P value
	≤ 1.0 (n = 90)	1.1-3.0 (n = 209)	3.1-5.0 (n = 146)	> 5.0 (n = 214)
Age (yr)1 at operation	57.1 ± 1.2	55.0 ± 0.9	54.6 ± 0.9	56.3 ± 0.9	0.330
Sex					0.364
Male	64 (71.1)	135 (64.6)	92 (63.0)	150 (70.1)
Female	26 (38.9)	74 (35.4)	54 (37.0)	64 (29.9)
Tumor location					< 0.001
Upper 1/3	81 (90.0)	127 (60.8)	32 (21.9)	26 (12.1)
Middle 1/3	8 (8.9)	75 (35.9)	103 (70.5)	134 (62.6)
Lower 1/3	1 (1.1)	7 (3.3)	11 (7.5)	54 (25.2)
Borrmann type IV	17 (18.9)	37 (17.7)	14 (9.6)	12 (5.6)	< 0.001
Tumor size (cm)1	8.1 ± 0.5	7.6 ± 0.3	7.0 ± 0.3	5.9 ± 0.2	< 0.001
T stage					0.873
T2	14 (15.6)	30 (14.4)	24 (16.4)	42 (19.6)
T3	44 (48.9)	100 (47.8)	67 (45.9)	99 (46.3)
T4	32 (35.6)	79 (37.8)	55 (37.7)	73 (34.1)
CLN1	30.7 ± 1.1	33.1 ± 1.0	32.2 ± 1.0	31.0 ± 0.7	0.216
N stage					0.495
N0	23 (25.6)	74 (35.4)	47 (32.2)	59 (27.6)
N1	14 (15.6)	35 (16.7)	21 (14.4)	40 (18.7)
N2	15 (16.7)	41 (19.6)	30 (20.5)	42 (19.6)
N3	38 (42.2)	59 (28.2)	48 (32.9)	73 (34.1)
AJCC stage					0.587
Stage I	8 (8.9)	19 (9.1)	14 (9.6)	25 (11.7)
Stage II	29 (32.2)	85 (40.7)	53 (35.3)	68 (31.8)
Stage III	53 (58.9)	105 (50.2)	79 (54.1)	121 (56.5)
Differentiation					0.082
Differentiated	29 (32.2)	55 (26.3)	34 (23.3)	74 (34.6)
Undifferentiated	61 (67.8)	154 (73.7)	112 (76.7)	140 (65.4)
LVi	57 (63.3)	108 (51.7)	75 (51.4)	120 (56.1)	0.231
PNi	54 (60.0)	101 (48.3)	92 (63.0)	97 (45.3)	0.002
Recurrence	44 (48.9)	80 (38.3)	48 (32.9)	79 (36.9)	0.648
Local recurrence	8 (8.9)	10 (4.6)	11 (6.9)	14 (6.2)	0.637

¹mean ± standard error. PRM: Proximal resection margin; RYGJ: Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy; CLN: Total number of collected lymph nodes; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; LVi: Lymphovascular invasion; PNi: Perineural invasion.