Non-robotic minimally invasive gastrectomy as an independent risk factor for postoperative intra-abdominal infectious complications: A single-center, retrospective and propensity score-matched analysis

Table 5 Postoperative complications with a Clavien–Dindo grade of IIIa or higher, n (%)

	Entire cohort (n = 1401)		P value	Propensity-score matched cohort (n = 708)		P value
	RG (n = 359)	LG (n = 1042)		RG (n = 354)	LG (n = 354)
Morbidity	13 (3.6)	92 (8.8)	0.002	13 (3.7)	27 (7.6)	0.033
Intra-abdominal infection	9 (2.5)	66 (6.3)	0.005	9 (2.5)	21 (5.9)	0.038
Anastomotic leakage	6 (1.7)	22 (2.1)	0.670	6 (1.7)	7 (2.0)	> 0.999
Pancreatic fistula	3 (0.8)	28 (2.7)	0.058	3 (0.8)	9 (2.5)	0.143
Intraperitoneal abscess	0 (0)	16 (1.5)	0.017	0 (0)	5 (1.4)	0.062
Other local complications	3 (0.8)	14 (1.3)	0.632	2 (0.6)	4 (1.1)	0.682
Intra-abdominal bleeding	2 (0.6)	4 (0.4)	> 0.999	1 (0.3)	2 (0.6)	> 0.999
Bowel obstruction	0 (0)	7 (0.6)	0.150	0 (0)	0 (0)	> 0.999
Anastomotic stenosis	1 (0.3)	3 (0.3)	> 0.999	1 (0.3)	2 (0.6)	> 0.999
Systemic complications	1 (0.3)	17 (1.6)	0.091	1 (0.3)	4 (1.1)	0.369
Pneumonia	0 (0)	9 (0.9)	0.256	0 (0)	2 (0.6)	0.499
Pulmonary embolism	1 (0.3)	2 (0.2)	0.726	1 (0.3)	0 (0)	> 0.999
Renal dysfunction	0 (0)	1 (0.1)	0.573	0 (0)	0 (0)	> 0.999
Cardiovascular disease	0 (0)	5 (0.5)	0.337	0 (0)	2 (0.6)	0.499

The χ² test was used for between-group comparison. RG: Robotic gastrectomy; LG: Laparoscopic gastrectomy.