Evolving screening and surveillance techniques for Barrett's esophagus

Table 2 Univariate analyses for each risk factors progression to high grade dysplasia or esophageal adenocarcinoma[4]

Variable	Adjusted P value and hazard ratios (95%CI)
Males	P = 0.0023, HR = 3.01 (1.48-6.11)
Smoking	P = 0.0029, HR = 1.83 (1.23-2.71)
Age + 10 yr	P = 0.3055, HR = 0.96 (0.89-1.04)
Caucasian	P = 0.8429, HR = 1.06 (0.61-1.82)
Hiatal hernia present	P = 0.5928, HR = 1.12 (0.73-1.72)
Visible lesion at baseline	P = 0.9254, HR = 1.04 (0.49-2.2)
Aspirin use	P = 0.2807, HR = 0.81 (0.56-1.18)
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug	P = 0.5602, HR = 0.9 (0.64-1.28)
Proton pump inhibitor	P = 0.8197, HR = 0.9 (0.37-2.21)
Low grade dysplasia	P ≤ 0.0001, HR = 3.68 (2.56-5.31)
BE length + 1 cm increase in length	P ≤ 0.0001, HR = 1.12 (1.08-1.18)

BE: Barrett's esophagus; HGD: High grade dysplasia; EAC: Esophageal adenocarcinoma; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.