Chronic functional constipation is strongly linked to vitamin D deficiency

doi:10.3748/wjg.v25.i14.1729

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Apr 14, 2019; 25(14): 1729-1740
Published online Apr 14, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i14.1729

Table 1 Characteristics of patients with functional chronic constipation with intestinal motility disorders and of controls

Variables	Intestinal motility disorders (n = 86)	Controls (n = 86)
Age, mean ± SD , yr	49.9 (17.4)	50 (17.1)
Sex, n (%)
Male	13 (15.1)	13 (15.1)
Female	73 (84.9)	73 (84.9)
BMI, mean ± SD, kg/m²	23.7 (2.8)	24.6 (3.4)
Education, n (%)
Primary	5 (5.8)	5 (5.8)
Intermediate	33 (38.4)^a	14 (16.3)^a
High school	38 (44.2)	37 (43)
Bachelor degree	10 (11.6)^a	28 (32.6)^a
No data	0	2 (2.3)
Marital status
Single	30 (34.9)	22 (25.6)
Married	53 (61.6)	58 (67.4)
Widower	3 (3.5)	4 (4.7)
Divorced	0	1 (1.2)
No data	0	1 (1.2)
Symptoms
Constipation	78 (90.1)^a	3 (3.5)^a
Abdominal pain	73 (84.9)^a	2 (2.3)^a
Swelling	79 (91.9)^a	14 (16)^a
IBS-QOL (total score)	108.4 (23.7)^a	39.8 (7.7)^a
Dysphoria	24.1 (7.7)^a	8.7 (1.5)^a
Interference	15.9 (5.5)^a	8 (1.6)^a
Body image	15 (2.1)^a	4.8 (1.4)^a
Anxiety health	13.5 (1.8)^a	3.7 (1.4)^a
Food avoidance	13.6 (1.6)^a	3.7 (1.4)^a
Social reaction	10.8 (3.2)^a	5 (1.1)^a
Interpersonal relationships	6.3 (3.3)^a	3.3 (0.6)^a
Sexuality	4.6 (2.2)^a	2 (0.1)^a
HADS-14 A	14.6 (4.3)^a	2.4 (1.8)^a
HADS-14 D	14.6 (3.1)^a	4.5 (2.6)^a
SF12-PCS	37.3 (9.8)^a	47.2 (7.6)^a
SF12-MCS	29.1 (7.4)^a	56 (7.1)^a
PTH, mean ± SD, 10-70 pg/mL	51.1 (12.1)	-
Vitamin D, mean ± SD, IU/mL	14.6 (7.7)^a	28.4 (8.8)^a

^aP < 0.01 vs controls by t, F or χ². Values are absolute numbers and percentages (in parentheses) or average numbers and standard deviation (in parentheses). BMI: Body mass index; IBS-QOL: Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of life; HADS-14 A: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-14 for Anxiety; HADS-14 D: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-14 for Depression; SF12-PCS: Short Form Health Survey12-Physical Component Summary; SF12-MCS: Short Form Health Survey12-Mental Component Summary; PTH: Parathyroid hormone.

Citation: Panarese A, Pesce F, Porcelli P, Riezzo G, Iacovazzi PA, Leone CM, De Carne M, Rinaldi CM, Shahini E. Chronic functional constipation is strongly linked to vitamin D deficiency. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25(14): 1729-1740
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i14/1729.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i14.1729