Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy of pancreatic cancer using an indocyanine green-labeled anti-tissue factor antibody

Figure 3 Phototoxic cell death after photoimmunotherapy. Two hours after photoimmunotherapy (PIT) treatment, the cells were stained using the Cell viability imaging kit. The nuclei of dead cells were stained with NucGreen^® Dead reagent (green), while the viable cell nuclei were stained with NucBlue^® Live reagent (blue). Near-infrared (NIR)-PIT induced rapid cell death and numerous dead cells were markedly visible. There was no significant cytotoxicity associated with exposure to indocyanine green-labeled anti-tissue factor antibody 1849 or NIR light only. (Scale bar = 100 μm, 10 × objective magnification). 1849-ICG: Indocyanine green-labeled anti-tissue factor antibody 1849; NIR: Near-infrared; PIT: Photoimmunotherapy.