Prognostic and predictive blood biomarkers in gastric cancer and the potential application of circulating tumor cells

Table 1 Prognostic value of circulating tumor cells in gastric cancer

Characteristic and number of patients		Detection method		Statistic value			Ref.
	17	RT-PCR	CA19 mRNA	OS	P = 0.014	CK19 (+) vs (-)	Yeh et al[44], 1998
I-IV	57	RT-PCR	CEA mRNA	Liver metastasis recurrence	P = 0.03	CEA (+) vs (-)	Miyazono et al[45], 2001
I-IV	106	RT-PCR	CEA mRNA	Recurrence/metastasis	P = 0.02	CEA (+) vs (-)	Sumikura et al[46], 2003
I-IV	46	qRT-PCR	CK20 mRNA	2-yr-survival	P < 0.05	CK20 (+) vs (-)	Friederichs et al[47], 2005
I-IV	41	RT-PCR	CK20 mRNA	OS	P = 0.0363	CK20 (+) vs (-)	Illert et al[48], 2005
I-III	46	RT-PCR	CEA mRNA	Recurrence	P ≤ 0.00022	CEA after sugery (+) vs (-)	Seo et al[49], 2005
I-IV	52	RT-PCR	C-Met mRNA	OS	P = 0.0178	C-Met (+) vs (-)	Uen et al[50], 2006
			MUC1 mRNA	OS	P = 0.0352	MUC1 (+) vs (-)
I-IV	42	qRT-PCR	CEA mRNA	Recurrence/metastasis	P = 0.032	CEA (+) vs (-)	Wu et al[51], 2006
I-IV	64	MAH	hTERT/CK19/CEA/MUC1	Recurrence/metastasis	P = 0.009	All marker (+) vs the others	Wu et al[52], 2006
I-IV	57	RT-PCR	CK20 mRNA	5-yr survival	P > 0.05	CK20 (+) vs (-)	Pituch-Noworolska et al[53], 2007
Metastatic	27	CellSearch System	EpCAM CK8/18/19	OS	P = 0.039	CTC ≥ 2 vs < 2	Hiraiwa et al[54], 2008
I-IV	69	RT-PCR	CK19 mRNA	OS	P = 0.0347	CK19 (+) vs (-)	Koga et al[55], 2008
			CK20 mRNA	OS	P = 0.049	CK20 (+) vs (-)
I-IV	810	RT-PCR	MT1-MMP	Recurrence/metastasis	P = 0.0018	MT1-MMP (+) vs (-)	Mimori et al[25], 2008
I-IV	55	RT-PCR, ELISA	Survivin mRNA	RFS	P = 0.026	Survivin (+) vs (-)	Yie et al[56], 2008
I-IV	70	qRT-PCR	Survivin mRNA	OS	P = 0.036	Survivin high vs low	Bertazza et al[57], 2009
Advanced	51 (2 wk after chemotherapy) 48 (4 wk after chemotherapy)	CellSearch system	EpCAM CK8/18/19	PFS ,OS (2 wk after chemotherapy) PFS ,OS (4 wk after chemotherapy)	P < 0.001	CTC ≥ 4 vs < 4	Matsusaka et al[24], 2010
I-IV	123	qRT-PCR	CEA mRNA	Recurrence	P = 0.001	CEA (+) vs (-)	Qiu et al[58], 2010
				DFS	P = 0.001
I-IV	30	qRT-PCR	CK18 mRNA	RFS	P < 0.001	CK18 (+) vs (-)	Saad et al[59], 2010
				OS	P = 0.001
I-IV	95	qRT-PCR	B7-H3 mRNA	OS	P = 0.046	B7-H3 high vs low	Arigami et al[60], 2011
I-IV	98	RT-PCR, ELISA	Survivin mRNA	DFS	P < 0.001	Survivin (+) vs (-)	Cao et al[61], 2011
I-IV	52	qRT-PCR	miR-200c	OS	P = 0.016	miR-200c high vs low	Valladares-Ayerbes et al[62], 2012
				RFS	P = 0.044
I-IV	75	Immunofluorescence	GFP	OS	P =0.0021	CTC ≥ 5 vs < 5	Ito et al[63], 2012
I-IV	251	CellSearch system	EpCAM CK8/18/19	OS	P < 0.001	CTC (+) vs (-)	Uenosono et al[23], 2013
				RFS	P < 0.001
I-IV	22	CellSearch system	EpCAM CK8/18/19	OS	P = 0.23	CTC ≥ 2 vs < 2	Sclafani et al[64], 2014
				PFS	P = 0.91
I-IV	62	qRT-PCR	KRT19/MUC1/EPCAM/CEACAM5/BIRC5 mRNA	OS	P = 0.003	All marker (+) vs the others	Kubisch et al[65], 2015
				PFS	P < 0.001
I-IV	36	Flow cytometry	CD133 ABCG2	OS	P = 0.034	CD133 (+) vs (-)	Xia et al[66], 2015
I-IV	136	CellSearch system	EpCAM CK8/18/19	PFS	P = 0.016	CTC (+) vs (-)	Okabe et al[67], 2015
I-IV	100	Cell Search system	EpCAM CK8/18/19	OS	P = 0.004	CTC ≥ 5 vs < 5	Lee et al[68], 2015
				PFS	P = 0.004
I-IV	24	FACS-ICC	EpCAM	OS	P = 0.014	CTC ≥ 2 vs < 2	Meulendijks et al[69], 2016
				PFS	P = 0.007
I-IV	136	CellSearch system	EpCAM CK8/18/19	OS	P < 0.001	CTC ≥ 3 vs < 3	Li et al[70], 2016
				PFS	P = 0.001
I-IV	65	Immunofluorescence	OBP-401	OS	P = 0.183	OBP-401 (+) vs (-)	Ito et al[71], 2016
				RFS	P = 0.034
I-IV	106	CellSearch system	EpCAM CK8/18/19	OS	P = 0.003	CTC ≥ 2 vs < 2	Peront et al[72], 2017
				RFS	P = 0.0002
I-IV	43	IsoFlux platform	EpCAM	OS	P = 0.0013	CTC ≥ 17 vs < 17	Brungs et al[73], 2018

qRT-PCR: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; MAH: Membrane-array hybridization; DFS: Disease-free survival; OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression-free survival; RFS: Relapse-free survival.