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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 14, 2017; 23(30): 5486-5498
Published online Aug 14, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i30.5486
Table 1 Preclinical evidences of the role of gut microbiota on behavior
Germ-free (GF) mice have shown impaired social behavior[39]
GF mice have displayed exaggerated stress response[21] and differences in anxiety-like behavior[22,23]
GF mice have showed crucial changes in multiple neurotransmitters and their receptors in different brain regions[23]
GF animals have exhibited an impaired neurogenesis[25] and structural and functional changes in the amygdala[26]
GF mice have shown prefrontal cortical hypermyelination[27]
Microglial function impaired in GF animals is rescued by the oral treatment with short chain fatty acids[11]
Gut microbiota has been shown to modulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor, oxytocin and vasopressin brain levels[20]
Different probiotic preparations for administration to rats and mice have shown to achieve a reduction in anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors[6,58]