Hwangryunhaedok-tang induces the depolarization of pacemaker potentials through 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors in cultured murine small intestine interstitial cells of Cajal

Figure 4 Effects of external and internal Ca²⁺ on water extract of Hwangryunhaedok-tang-induced pacemaker potential depolarization in cultured interstitial cells of Cajal from murine small intestine. A: In external Ca2⁺-free conditions, the pacemaker potentials were abolished and HHTE had no effect. B: Thapsigargin abolished the pacemaker potentials and HHTE had no effects; C-E: HHTE-induced pacemaker potential depolarizations are summarized. Bars represent the means ± SEMs. ^eP < 0.001: Significantly different from untreated controls. CTRL: Control; HHTE: Water extract of Hwangryunhaedok-tang.