Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 7, 2017; 23(1): 11-24
Published online Jan 7, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i1.11
Table 4 Surgical strategies
GoalOptions
Correction of morphological deformitiesProlapse
Cloaca
Keyhole deformity
Perirectal fistula
Rectovaginal fistula
Tumor
Sphincter repairOverlapping sphincteroplasty
Enhancement of impaired sphincter functionSacral nerve stimulation
Radiofrequency energy administration (SECCA™)
Injection of bulking agents (NASHA/DX, beads etc.)
Sphincter replacement/supportArtificial bowel sphincter
Implantation of magnetic anal sphincter (Fenix™)
Graciloplasty
Implantation of Thiersch
Implantation of pelvic sling system
DiversionColostomy
Reduction of fecal loadMalone antegrade continence enema