Evidence-Based Medicine
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 21, 2016; 22(27): 6296-6317
Published online Jul 21, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i27.6296
Table 1 Commonly studied environmental factors in inflammatory bowel diseases
Environmental factor
Lifestyle
Smoking
Sleep
Stress
Diet
Breastfeeding
Pharmacologic agents
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Antibiotics
Oral contraceptives
Vaccination
Gut Microbiome
Dysbiosis
Ecological factors
Air Pollution
Water Pollution
Low Vitamin D
Surgery
Appendectomy