Hepatitis B and C virus-induced hepatitis: Apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response

Figure 6 Hepatitis B virus infection induces XBP splicing in the infected liver tissue while hepatitis C virus infection does not induce XBP splicing. A: Fluorescence immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirms co-localization of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and spliced XBP (sXBP) (spliced XBP localized in the nucleus) in the HBV-infected liver tissue; the image is representative of fluorescence IHC for all patients; B: Fluorescence IHC shows that co-localization of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and spliced XBP (sXBP) (spliced XBP localized in the nucleus) is not a dominant event in the HCV-infected liver tissue; the image is representative of fluorescence IHC for all patients; C: HBV infection significantly (^aP < 0.001 vs HBV^-) induces XBP splicing (spliced XBP localized in the nucleus) in the infected hepatocytes compared to non-infected adjacent cells. The graph shows results of the event [HBV infection and spliced XBP (sXBP) (spliced XBP localized in the nucleus)] in at least 50 cells counted in four different views of fluorescence IHC in each patient’s sample; D: HCV infection does not significantly (P > 0.05) induce XBP splicing in the infected hepatocytes compared to non-infected adjacent cells. The graph shows results of the event [HCV infection and spliced XBP (sXBP) (spliced XBP localized in the nucleus)] in at least 50 cells counted in four different views of fluorescence IHC in each patient’s sample.