Application of nucleoside analogues to liver transplant recipients with hepatitis B

Table 3 Strategies for preventing hepatitis B virus recurrence for different groups of hepatitis B virus-related liver transplant recipients

Low risk recipient (undetectable HBV DNA before transplantation)	NAs + HBIG[52]
	NAs + short-term HBIG, then switch to NAs combined therapy[58,59] or NA monotherapy (ETV or TDF)[66]
	NAs combined therapy[54,68]
	NA monotherapy (ETV or TDF)[69] (Further studies are needed)
High risk recipient (detectable HBV DNA before transplantation or with limited antiviral options)	NA + long-term HBIG[56]
Recipient with HBcAb positive donors	NA + HBIG[91,92]
	NA monotherapy[93,94]
	Active immunization[95]

ADV: Adefovir dipivoxil; ETV: Entecavir; HBcAb: Hepatitis B virus core antibody; HBIG: Hepatitis B immune globulin; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; LAM: Lamivudine; NA: Nucleoside analogue; TDF: Tenofovir.