Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma using a microwave tissue coagulator: Experience of 1118 cases

Table 1 Patient demographics and tumor characteristics

Characteristics	n (%)
Patient-related factors
Sex (M/F)	882/236
Age (range) (yr)	63 (28-87)
Etiology
Hepatitis B infection	294 (26)
Hepatitis C infection	648 (58)
Hepatitis B and C infection	12 (1)
Alcohol abuse	34 (3)
Others	136 (12)
Operative situation
Primary curative hepatectomy without previous treatment	749 (67)
Primary curative hepatectomy with previous treatment	108 (10)
Primary non-curative hepatectomy	119 (11)
Second hepatectomy	123 (11)
Three or more hepatectomies	19 (2)
Baseline liver function
Serum platelet count < 105 (μL)	309 (28)
Child-Pugh grade A	985 (88)
Child-Pugh grade B/C	131/2 (12)
Liver cirrhosis1	656 (59)
Pre-operative AFP value (ng/mL)
< 20	612 (55)
≥ 20, < 100	244 (22)
≥ 100, < 400	116 (10)
≥ 400	131 (12)
Tumor-related factors
Tumor size (mm)	22 (2-250)
≤ 2	502 (45)
< 2, ≤ 5	519 (46)
> 5	97 (9)
Solitary tumor	922 (82)
Poorly differentiated	233 (21)
Microscopic vascular invasion	270 (24)
Macroscopic vascular invasion	25 (2)

¹The differentiation grade was based on the most poorly differentiated component in the entire specimen. AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; DCP: Des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin.