Development of a rat model of D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide induced hepatorenal syndrome

Figure 1 Serum levels of biochemical indicators and cytokines. D-GalN 400 mg/kg and LPS 32 μg/kg in normal saline were intravenously injected via the tail vein. A: ALT (IU/L); B: BUN (mmol/L); C: Cr (μmol/L); D: Na⁺ (mmol/L); E: K⁺ (mmol/L); F Cl^- (mmol/L); G: TNFα (pg/mL); H: ET-1 (pg/mL). ^aP < 0.05, G/L vs NS. D-GalN: D-galactosamine; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor α; ET-1: Endothelin-1; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen.