Probiotics in Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Effect of probiotics plus standard therapy vs standard therapy on adverse events

Adverse Event	Trials (n)	Participants (n)	Probiotics group, %	Control group	RR and 95%CI	P value	Heterogeneity (P value)
Diarrhea	26	4935	5.71%	13.72%	0.41 (0.30-0.57)	< 0.001	58% (P < 0.001)
Nausea/vomiting	23	4067	6.95%	12.83%	0.60 (0.48-0.76)	< 0.001	23% (P = 0.16)
Epigastric discomfort	8	1806	6.09%	14.13%	0.57 (0.44-0.74)	< 0.001	0% (P = 0.60)
Abdominal bloating	13	1516	10.82%	14.51%	0.70 (0.55-0.90)	0.005	0% (P = 0.53)
Abdominal pain	10	1373	8.40%	13.05%	0.54 (0.35-0.83)	0.005	31% (P = 0.16)
Constipation	13	2021	3.96%	6.73%	0.55 (0.37-0.81)	0.002	0% (P = 0.77)
Taste disturbance	19	3611	11.79%	18.76%	0.63 (0.48-0.83)	< 0.001	73% (P < 0.001)

RR: Risk ratio.