Evaluation of prognostic factors on recurrence after curative resections for hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 3 Preoperative risk factors for recurrence n (%)

Variables	Non recurrence(n = 169)	Recurrence(n = 129)	P value	Multivariate
				Relative risk	P value
Age (yr)	56.4 ± 9.6	56.2 ± 9.9	0.717
Gender (male)	123 (72.8)	109 (84.5)	0.026	2.192 (1.060–4.532)	0.034
Cause of HCC (HBV:HCV:Alcohol:Others)	116:11:8:34	97:7:8:17	0.402
PLT (× 103/μL)	155.07 ± 80.10	149.53 ± 61.57	0.500
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	1.38 ± 7.88	0.90 ± 0.97	0.491
ICG	12.54 ± 16.83	10.43 ± 8.68	0.271
CTP scores	5.37 ± 0.72	5.44 ± 0.71	0.409
MELD scores	6.26 ± 3.03	6.48 ± 2.79	0.521
AFP (ng/mL)	868.10 ± 4358.4	2212.3 ± 14588.5	0.264
> 100 (n = 101)	48 (28.4)	53 (41.1)	0.004	1.888 (1.094–3.588)	0.050
PIVKA II (mAU/mL)	327.4 ± 886.0	795.1 ± 2040.9	0.048
> 100 (n = 55)	32 (18.9)	23 (17.8)	0.466
Tumor size (cm)	3.84 ± 2.66	5.28 ± 3.46	< 0.001
> 5 (n = 72)	27 (16.0)	45 (34.9)	< 0.001	1.516 (0.797–2.882)	0.204
Tumor number	1.18 ± 0.57	1.39 ± 1.10	0.046
Multiple (n = 40)	19 (11.2)	21 (16.2)	0.124
SUVs on PET CT	3.84 ± 1.80	5.94 ± 4.20	0.001
> 3.5 (n = 47)	22 (13.0)	25 (19.4)	0.005	2.025 (1.046–3.921)	0.036
RER (n = 100)	0.75 ± 0.16	0.72 ± 0.12	0.295
< 0.6 (n = 11)	4 (2.4)	7 (5.4)	0.011

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; PLT: Platelets; ICG: Indocyanine green; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; MELD: Model for End-stage Liver Disease; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; PIVKA II: Protein induced by vitamin K absence or angiotensin-II; SUVs: Standardized uptake values; PET: Positron emission tomography; RER: Relative enhancement ratio.