Heterogeneity across the murine small and large intestine

Table 1 Immune cell populations within the small and large intestine

Cell type	Small intestine			Large intestine	Ref.
Dendritic/macrophage Cells Conventional DCs (CD11chigh MHCIIhigh CD64-)
CD11b- CD8α+	Yes. Peyers Patches (PP)			Not readily detected but have been identified after the use of Flt3 ligand	[93]
CD11b+ CD8α-	Yes. PP, Lamina Propria (LP), and express CD103)			Yes. Isolated Lymphoid Follicles (ILF) and Colonic Patches. LP but scarce	[91,92]
CD11b- CD8α-	Yes. PP			Unknown	[91,92,94]
CD103+	Yes			Yes. CD103+CD11b- are more abundant	[91,92]
Monocyte derived DCs
Gr1+ CD11c+ plasmacytoid DCs	Yes. Upon inflammation			Yes Upon inflammation	[104,105]
CD11cintBB20+ plasmacytoid DC	Yes. Small populations in LP			Yes ILF but rare	[93,95]
CD11b+ F4/80+	Yes. Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) and lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL)			Mainly LPL, IEL are scarce	[110,193]
Macrophages
CX3CR1+	Yes Production of transepithelial identified. Higher frequencies in the jejunum. Fewer in ileum			Yes Production of transepithelial dendrites uncertain	[95,106-108,194,195]
Other innate cells
Eosinophil	High numbers in steady state located below epithelium and in LP. Highest numbers are found in duodenum. High numbers of CD22+ eosinophils			High numbers in steady state located below epithelium and in LP. Low numbers of CD22+ eosinophils	[130-133,137,196]
Basophils	LP following infection, draining lymph node			Draining lymph node	[121-123]
Mast cells	Mucosal mast cells located close to the epithelium			Mucosal mast cells located close to the epithelium	[140]
NK cells	IEL and lymph nodes (LN)			IEL unknown, LN	[149,197]
NKT cells	IEL			IEL, LPL	[189,191,192]
Innate lymphoid cells	Nuocytes: Epithelium 0.2% of total cells and mesenteric lymph node (MLN)			Unknown	[151]
	Innate type 2 helper (Ih2): MLN peritoneum			Unknown	[153]
	Multipotent progenitor (MPP) type2: PP, MLN			Caecal patch	[155]
	Natural helper cell: fat associated lymphoid cluster in helminth infection			Unknown	[198]
T cells IEL cells	1 T cell per 5-10 epithelial cells			1 T cell per 40 epithelial cells	[176]
	Proximal	Mid	Distal		[199]
αβ T cells	59%	60%	78%	64%
DN	1%	1%	1%	20%
CD4	6%	7%	15%	7%
CD8αα	43%	32%	20%	58%
CD8αβ	46%	54%	57%	12%
gd T cells	41%	40%	22%	36%
DN	15%	17%	17%	69%
CD4	0.15%	0.2%	0.3%	0.2%
CD8αα	83%	82%	82%	30%
CD8αβ	0.3%	0.5%	0.4%	0.2%
LPL cells
Th17	10%-15% of CD4+ cells			2%-3% of CD4+ cells	[83]
Regulatory T cells	50% of regulatory T cells are Tr1-like cells, 50% are FoxP3+ cells			Almost devoid of Tr1-like cells and 90% of regulatory T cells are Foxp3+	[182]
B cells
IgA+	Yes LP and in Peyer’s patches			Found in small numbers

DCs: Dendritic cells; NK: Natural killer; NKT: Natural killer T.