Risk factors for combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: A hospital-based case-control study

Table 1 Univariate analysis of risk factors for combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma n (%)

Risk factor	Cases (n = 126)	Controls (n = 504)	OR (95%CI)	P value
HBV				< 0.001
HBsAg (-)	38 (30.2)	446 (88.5)	1 (Reference)
HBsAg (+)	88 (69.8)	58 (11.5)	17.808 (11.145-28.452)
HCV				0.563
HCV-Ab (-)	125 (99.2)	502 (99.6)	1 (Reference)
HCV-Ab (+)	1 (0.8)	2 (0.4)	2.008 (0.181-22.322)
Heavy smoking				0.395
No	88 (69.8)	371 (73.6)	1 (Reference)
Yes	38 (30.2)	133 (26.4)	1.205 (0.784-1.850)
Heavy alcohol consumption				0.018
No	105 (83.3)	457 (90.7)	1 (Reference)
Yes	21 (16.7)	47 (9.3)	1.945 (1.115-3.392)
Diabetes mellitus				0.024
No	113 (89.7)	479 (95.0)	1 (Reference)
Yes	13 (10.3)	25 (5.0)	2.204 (1.094-4.443)
Hypertension				0.855
No	110 (87.3)	443 (87.9)	1 (Reference)
Yes	16 (12.7)	61 (12.1)	1.056 (0.586-1.903)
Hepatolithiasis				0.262
No	124 (98.4)	501 (99.4)	1 (Reference)
Yes	2 (1.6)	3 (0.6)	2.694 (0.445-16.294)
Family history of liver cancer				< 0.001
No	108 (85.7)	489 (97.0)	1 (Reference)
Yes	18 (14.3)	15 (3.0)	5.433 (2.655-11.120)
Family history of other malignancies				0.636
No	99 (78.6)	386 (76.6)	1 (Reference)
Yes	27 (21.4)	118 (23.4)	0.892 (0.556-1.431)

HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HbsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HCV-Ab: Anti-HCV antibody.