Association of metabolic syndromes and risk factors with ampullary tumors development: A case-control study in China

Table 1 Risk factors for ampullary adenoma: univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses using Fisher’s exact test n (%)

Risk factor	Controls	Cases	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
			P value	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)
Age
< 50 yr	45 (15.7)	8 (14.0)	1 (reference)
≥ 50 yr	240 (84.3)	49 (86.0)	0.843	1.148 (0.510-2.588)
Sex
Female	145 (50.9)	29 (50.9)	1 (reference)
Male	140 (49.1)	28 (49.1)	1.000	1.000 (0.566-1.766)
Smoking
No	225 (78.9)	44 (77.2)	1 (reference)
Yes	60 (21.1)	13 (22.8)	0.727	1.108 (0.561-2.189)
Alcohol abuse
No	209 (73.3)	48 (84.2)	1 (reference)
Yes	76 (26.7)	9 (15.8)	0.094	0.516 (0.241-1.101)
HBV
HBsAg-/anti-HBc-	147 (51.6)	32 (56.1)	1 (reference)
HBsAg+/anti-HBc+	7 (2.5)	_	_	_
HBsAg-/anti-HBc+	131 (45.9)	25 (43.9)	0.665	0.877 (0.494-1.556)
Diabetes mellitus					0.041	2.590 (1.055-6.676)
No	262 (91.9)	46 (80.7)	1 (reference)
Yes	23 (8.1)	11 (19.3)	0.015	2.274 (1.244-5.965)
Hypertension
No	219 (76.8)	35 (61.4)	1 (reference)
Yes	66 (23.2)	22 (38.6)	0.020	2.086 (1.145-3.801)
Cholecystolithiasis					0.000	11.068 (3.395-36.084)
No	273 (95.8)	41 (71.9)	1 (reference)
Yes	12 (4.2)	16 (28.1)	0.000	8.878 (3.921-20.103)
Cholecystectomy
No	278 (97.5)	46 (80.7)	1(reference)
Yes	7 (2.5)	11 (19.3)	0.000	9.497 (3.502-25.755)
Chronic pancreatitis
No	283 (99.3)	53 (93.0)	1(reference)
Yes	2 (0.7)	4 (7.0)	0.008	10.679 (1.907-59.79)
TC (mmol/L)
< 5.70	240 (84.2)	39 (68.4)	1 (reference)
≥ 5.70	45 (15.8)	18 (31.6)	0.008	2.462 (1.294-4.682)
Tri (mmol/L)
< 1.7	200 (70.2)	40 (70.2)	1 (reference)
≥ 1.7	85 (29.8)	17 (29.8)	1.000	1.000 (0.537-1.862)
HDL (mmol/L)
< 0.93	29 (10.2)	20 (35.1)	1 (reference)
≥ 0.93	256 (89.8)	37 (64.9)	0.000	0.210 (0.108-0.408)
LDL (mmol/L)					0.004	3.039 (1.412-6.541)
< 3.63	237 (83.2)	35 (61.4)	1 (reference)
≥ 3.63	48 (16.8)	22 (38.6)	0.001	3.104 (1.675-5.752)
FBG (mmol/L)
< 6.1	242 (84.9)	42 (73.7)	1 (reference)
≥ 6.10	43 (15.1)	15 (26.3)	0.052	2.010 (1.026-3.939)
ApoA (g/L)
< 1	2 (0.7)	20 (35.1)	1 (reference)		0.000	105.282 (22.229-498.635)
≥ 1	283 (99.3)	37 (64.9)	0.000	0.013 (0.003-0.058)
ApoB (g/L)
< 1	208 (72.9)	32 (56.1)	1 (reference)
≥ 1	77 (27.1)	25 (43.9)	0.017	2.110 (1.176-3.788)
BMI (kg/m2)
< 25.0	164 (57.5)	40 (70.2)	1 (reference)
≥ 25.0	121 (42.5)	17 (29.8)	0.078	0.576 (0.312-1.065)

BMI: Body mass index; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; Tri: Triglyceride; TC: Total cholesterol; FBG: Fasting blood glucose; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen.