Perioperative advantages of modified laparoscopic vs open splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection

Table 2 Intraoperative and postoperative characteristics of the modified laparoscopic splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection and open splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection groups

Variable	MLSD (n = 44)	OSD (n = 71)	P value
Operation time, median (range), min	210 (140-390)	180 (110-300)	< 0.0001
Estimated blood loss, median (range), mL	150 (50-800)	300 (50-1200)	< 0.0001
Blood transfused, median (range), mL	0 (0-400)	0 (0-700)	0.024
VAS pain score on the first day, mean ± SD	2.50 ± 0.85	5.06 ± 1.08	< 0.0001
Time to first oral intake, mean ± SD, d	1.52 ± 0.63	2.76 ± 0.62	< 0.0001
Time to first flatus, mean ± SD, d	2.36 ± 0.97	3.18 ± 1.00	0.0004
Time to off-bed activity, mean ± SD, d	2.59 ± 0.69	5.96 ± 0.93	< 0.0001
Postoperative hospital stay, median (range), d	10 (7-18)	15 (7-28)	< 0.0001
Perioperative complications, n	7	26	0.017
Incision complications	0	9	0.035
Incision hernia	0	1
Superficial SSI	0	5
Deep SSI	0	3
Pneumonia	0	3	0.436
Organ space SSI	0	2	0.697
Emergency operation for bleeding	0	3	0.436
Pancreatic fistula	2	1	0.672
Asymptomatic portal vein thrombosis	5	8	1.000

MLSD: Modified laparoscopic splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection; OSD: Open splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection; VAS: Visual analog scale; SSI: Surgical site infection.