Outcomes of simple saline-coupled bipolar electrocautery for hepatic resection

Table 3 The differences in indexes between the groups n (%)

BIP (A), CUSA + BIP (B), CLAMP (C)		(A vs B)	(B vs C)	(A vs C)
		P value	P value	P value
Blood loss, > 1000 mL		0.973	< 0.001	< 0.001
Intraoperative transfusion		0.662	< 0.001	< 0.001
Blood loss (mL), median		0.670	< 0.001	< 0.001
Transfusion of RBC (mL), median		0.731	< 0.001	< 0.001
Operative time (min), median		0.409	< 0.001	< 0.001
Complications	Yes	0.773	0.016	0.015
Abdominal infection		1.000	0.153	0.130
Bile leak		0.635	0.260	0.108
Ascites		0.760	0.149	0.014

BIP: Bipolar coagulation; CUSA: Cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator; CLAMP: Conventional clamp crushing; RBC: Red blood cell.