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Copyright ©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 14, 2014; 20(2): 346-362
Published online Jan 14, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i2.346
Table 4 Clinical trials on psychological complementary and alternative medicines interventions for irritable bowel syndrome
InterventionStudy designSample sizeOutcomeRef.
HypnotherapyPre- and post-assessment23Normalized hypersensitivity pain threshold in hypersensitive group (P = 0.04) after 12 wk of treatment, no significant change in hyposensitive and normosensitive groups[154]
HypnotherapyRandomized controlled trial in children with functional abdominal pain or IBS53Significant reduction in pain scores in hypnotherapy group (P < 0.001) compared to standard medical therapy at 1-yr after intervention[159]
HypnotherapyQuestionnaire8369% of patients were either satisfied or very satisfied with hypnotherapy following 12 wk intervention, overall improvement in quality of life and GI symptoms[160]
HypnotherapyRandomized, placebo-controlled study138 in two studies (90 and 48)Significant reduction in IBS symptoms in hypnotherapy groups (P < 0.05) compared to supportive therapy after 3 mo of intervention[161]
HypnotherapyRandomized, placebo-controlled study90Significant improvement in overall IBS symptoms in gut-directed hypnotherapy and medical treatment group compared to medical treatment group alone (P = 0.046) after 12 wk; improvement remained up to 12 mo after intervention in hypnotherapy group (P = 0.004) compared to medical treatment alone[162]
HypnotherapyPre- and post-assessment75Group hypnotherapy decreased symptom severity significantly (P < 0.01) at 3, 6, and 12 mo post-intervention[163]
HypnotherapyRetrospective analysis208Significantly higher use of hypnotherapy (P < 0.001) by initial responders vs non-responders at 2-7 yr follow-up, in total 87% of participants reported hypnotherapy to be useful[164]
Cognitive behavior therapyRandomized-comparator-controlled study in patients with functional bowel disorders431CBT was more effective than education (P = 0.0001) and desipramine was more effective than placebo (P = 0.01) after 12 wk of treatment as assessed by treatment satisfaction[170]
Cognitive behavior therapyRandomized, placebo-controlled study in patients with functional bowel disorders397No significant differences between treatment arms for desipramine, cognitive behavior therapy, and placebo groups[171]
Cognitive behavior therapy and mindfulness trainingRandomized controlled trial195Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy resulted in adequate relief of IBS symptoms that was significant compared to internet-delivered stress management at 6 mo follow-up (P = 0.004)[173]
Cognitive behavior therapyRandomized controlled trial149Significant reduction in symptom severity scores in CBT plus mebeverine group compared to mebeverine alone at post-treatment and 3, 6, and 12 mo follow-up (regression P = 0.001)[174]
Psychotherapy [cognitive behavior therapy]Randomized controlled trial50Rome-II scores significantly decreased (P = 0.001) in patients receiving CBT in conjunction with standard medical care compared to standard medical care alone after 2 mo intervention[175]
Cognitive behavior therapyRandomized controlled trial28Psychosocial functioning was significantly improved (P = 0.004) in patients receiving CBT in addition to standard medical care compare to standard medical care alone at 3 mo follow-up[176]
Cognitive behavior therapyRandomized controlled trial76Cognitive behavior therapy presented with significant improvements compared to stress management and attention control groups in reducing visceral sensitivity (P < 0.0001) compared to baseline at 3 mo follow-up[177]
Cognitive behavior therapyRandomized, placebo-controlled study85Internet delivered CBT reduced several IBS symptom parameters (total pain, diarrhea, bloating primary symptoms all P < 0.001) after 10 wk of intervention compared to discussion board control group; quality of life and visceral sensitivity were also significantly improved (P < 0.001) after 3 mo follow up[179]
Mindfulness trainingRandomized controlled trial75Women in mindfulness training group showed significant reduction (P = 0.006) in IBS symptom severity compared to support control group after 8 wk of intervention which remained significant at 3 mo follow-up (P = 0.001)[180]
Cognitive behavior therapyRetrospective analysis75Long-term follow-up after 15-18 mo of original intervention resulted in lasting significant reductions in visceral sensitivity (P < 0.05), increase in quality of life (P < 0.05), and gastrointestinal symptoms (P < 0.05)[181]