Use of exclusive enteral nutrition in adults with Crohn’s disease: A review

Table 2 Characteristics of exclusive enteral nutrition regimens used in studies of adults that compared exclusive enteral nutrition with corticosteroid therapy

Ref.	Nutritional product	Type of feed	Duration of EEN (wk)	Calorie density (kcal/mL)	Nutritional composition (% TE)	Mode of delivery	Calorie intake per day
Engelman et al[19]	Peptamen	Peptide based elemental	2	1	Pro 16, CHO 51, Fat 33	Orally	30-35 kcal/kg per day
Gassull et al[27]	High oleic acid	Polymeric (powder)	4	1	Pro 22, CHO 46, Fat 32	Orally and NGT	Not stated
Gassull et al[27]	High linoleic acid	Polymeric (powder)	4	1	Pro 22, CHO 46, Fat 32	Orally and NGT	Not stated
González-Huix et al[23]	Edanec HN	Polymeric	4	1	Pro 22, CHO 46, Fat 32	NGT	Not stated
Gorard et al[21]	Vivonex TEN	Elemental	4	1	Pro 15, CHO 82, Fat 3	Orally, or NGT	2100 kcal per day
Lindor et al[25]	Vital HN	Peptide based elemental	4	1	Pro 17, CHO 74, Fat 9	Orally	40 kcal/kg per day
Lochs et al[28]	Peptisorb	Peptide based elemental	4-6	1	Pro 16, CHO 69, Fat 15	NGT or NDT	35 kcal/kg per day
Malchow et al[29]	Survimed	Peptide based elemental	3-6	1	Pro 14, CHO 76, Fat 10	Orally	33 kcal/kg per day
Mantzaris et al[20]	Nutrison HE	Polymeric	4	1.5	Pro 16, CHO 49, Fat 35	NDT	2250 kcal per day
Okada et al[26]	Elental	Elemental	6	1	Pro 19, CHO 81, Fat 1	NDT	40-60 kcal/kg per day
O'Moráin et al[22]	Vivonex	Elemental	4	1	Pro 15, CHO 82, Fat 3	Orally, or NGT	40-60 kcal/kg per day
Zoli et al[24]	Peptamen	Peptide based elemental	2	1	Pro 16, CHO 51, Fat 33	Orally	Not stated

CHO: Carbohydrate; EEN: Exclusive enteral nutrition; NDT: Nasoduodenal tube; NGT: Nasogastric tube; Pro: Protein; % TE: Percentage of total energy.