Radical lymph node dissection and assessment: Impact on gallbladder cancer prognosis

Table 3 Univariate analysis of clinical and histopathologic variables

Variable	Number of patients	Survival rate		P value
		3-yr	5-yr
Age (yr)				0.222
< 60	41	34.15%	17.07%
≥ 60	37	24.32%	18.92%
Sex				0.523
Female	46	28.26%	17.39%
Male	32	31.25%	18.75%
Cholelithiasis				0.374
Present	25	24.00%	16.00%
Absent	53	32.08%	18.87%
Type of radical resection				0.179
Extended cholecystectomy	7	42.86%	42.86%
Partial hepatectomy1	37	32.43%	13.51%
Partial hepatectomy and EBD resection	23	30.43%	26.09%
Extended hepatectomy2	5	0.00%	0.00%
Hepatopancreaticoduodenectomy	6	50.00%	33.33%
Hepatic infiltration				0.005
Present	41	14.63%	4.88%
Absent	37	51.35%	37.84%
Bile duct infiltration				0.238
Present	17	29.41%	23.53%
Absent	61	32.79%	19.67%
Venous invasion				0.001
Present	10	0.00%	0.00%
Absent	68	36.76%	23.53%
Perineural invasion				0.539
Present	9	22.22%	22.22%
Absent	69	33.33%	20.29%
Lymph node involvement				< 0.001
Present	37	16.22%	13.51%
Absent	41	46.34%	26.83%
pT classification3				0.001
pT0-pT2	20	60.00%	45.00%
pT3-pT4	58	22.41%	12.07%
pN classification3				< 0.001
pN0	41	46.34%	26.83%
pN1	31	16.13%	12.90%
pN2	6	16.67%	16.67%
pM classification3				0.002
pM0	74	33.78%	21.62%
pM1	4	0.00%	0.00%
TNM staging3				< 0.001
0-II	15	80.00%	60.00%
III	43	23.26%	11.63%
IV	20	15.00%	10.00%
TLNC				0.018
< 4	26	15.38%	7.69%
≥ 4	52	40.38%	26.92%
Number of positive lymph nodes				< 0.001
0	41	46.34%	26.83%
< 3	24	16.67%	16.67%
≥ 3	13	15.38%	7.69%
LNR				< 0.001
0	41	46.34%	26.83%
< 50	15	33.33%	33.33%
≥ 50	22	4.55%	0.00%
Histological type				0.706
Adenocarcinoma	69	33.33%	20.29%
Others	9	22.22%	22.22%
Histological grade				0.042
G1-G2	58	36.21%	24.14%
G3-G4	19	15.79%	5.26%

¹Includes wedge resection and resection of segments IVa and V;

²Includes extended right hepatectomy, extended left hepatectomy and central hepatectomy;

³According to the American Joint Committee on Cancer cancer staging manual (7^th edition). G1: Well differentiated; G2: Moderately differentiated; G3: Poorly differentiated; G4: Undifferentiated; EBD: Endoscopic balloon dilatation; TNM: Tumor node metastasis; TLNC: Total lymph node count; LNR: Lymph node ratio.