Donor safety and remnant liver volume in living donor liver transplantation

Table 2 Complications of the 50 donors classified according the modified Clavien system

Grades, n (%)	Complications	n
Grade 1, 28 (18.5)	Transient bile leak treated conservatively	7
	Superficial wound infection treated without antibiotics	2
	Postoperative voice change	3
	Mild pleural effusion treated conservatively	2
	Mild subphrenic effusion treated conservatively	5
	Hyperbilirubinemia > 1.3 mg/dL 7 d after operation	9
Grade 2, 9 (6.0)	Intra-abdominal bleeding requiring blood transfusion	1
	Bile leak not requiring ERCP or surgical intervention	3
	Dyspepsia	1
	Chyle leak	1
	Wound infection requiring antibiotics	1
	Pneumonia requiring antibiotics	2
Grade 3a, 8 (5.3)	Bile leak needing ERCP	3
	Pleural effusion requiring thoracic cavity puncture	2
	Pleural effusion requiring thoracic drainage	1
	Subphrenic infection requiring abdominal cavity puncture	1
	Chylothorax requiring thoracic cavity puncture	1
Grade 3b, 5 (3.3)	Portal vein thrombosis requiring re-laparotomy	1
	Biliary stricture requiring ERCP with stent placement	2
	Abdominal hematoma requiring intervention	1
	Intra-abdominal bleeding requiring re-laparotomy	1
Grade 4a		0
Grade 4b		0
Grade 5		0

ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.