Serum leptin and ghrelin in chronic hepatitis C patients with steatosis

Table 2 Distribution of 56 genotype-1 and 40 genotype-3-infected patients by demographic, host and viral factors with respect to response to hepatitis C virus therapy (mean ± SD) n (%)

Variable	Genotype 1 (n = 56)			Genotype 3 (n = 40)
	Responders(n = 32)	Non-responders(n = 24)	P value	Responders(n = 30)	Non-responders(n = 10)	P-value
Gender			0.70			0.47
Male	15 (46.9)	10 (41.7)		13 (43.3)	6 (60.0)
Female	17 (53.1)	14 (58.3)		17 (56.7)	4 (40.0)
Age (yr)			0.17			0.15
≤ 40	23 (71.9)	13 (54.2)		29 (96.7)	8 (80.0)
> 40	9 (28.1)	11 (45.8)		1 (3.3)	2 (20.0)
Body mass index (kg/m2)			0.28			0.42
< 25	18 (56.3)	10 (41.7)		23 (76.7)	6 (60.0)
25-28	14 (43.7)	14 (58.3)		7 (23.3)	4 (40.0)
Grade of hepatic steatosis			0.0001			0.72
Mild	22 (68.7)	5 (20.8)		12 (40.0)	3 (30.0)
Moderate	10 (31.3)	12 (50.0)		13 (43.3)	4 (40.0)
Severe	0 (0.0)	7 (29.2)		5 (16.7)	3 (30.0)
Fibrosis score			0.001			0.04
1	17 (53.1)	3 (12.5)		16 (53.3)	1 (10.0)
2	11 (34.4)	8 (33.3)		11 (36.7)	7 (70.0)
3-4	4 (12.5)	13 (54.2)		3 (10.0)	2 (20.0)
5-6	0	0		0	0
HOMA-IR			0.01			0.01
< 2	11 (34.4)	4 (16.7)		19 (63.3)	1 (10.0)
2-3	10 (31.2)	2 (8.3)		10 (33.3)	7 (70.0)
> 3	11 (34.4)	18 (75.0)		1 (3.3)	2 (20.0)
Leptin_baseline (ng/mL)	37.66 ± 10.39	49.67 ± 13.44	0.001	24.33 ± 7.98	28.20 ± 9.72	0.22
Ghrelin_baseline (ng/mL)	0.286 ± 0.167	0.190 ± 0.119	0.02	0.778 ± 0.654	0.564 ± 0.324	0.18
Leptin end of follow-up (ng/mL)	26.69 ± 11.77	41.50 ± 16.24	< 0.0001	23.27 ± 9.54	26.70 ± 6.82	0.30
Ghrelin end of follow-up (ng/mL)	0.456 ± 0.254	0.239 ± 0.213	0.001	0.420 ± 0.321	0.450 ± 0.261	0.79

HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance.