Recent developments in palliative chemotherapy for locally advanced and metastatic pancreas cancer

Table 3 Phase I/III trials of gemcitabine in combination with novel targeted therapies

	Combination	OS (mo)	P	PFS (mo)	P	ORR (%)	SD (%)
Phase II trial
Xiong et al[41] (n = 61)	Gem + Cetuximab	7.1		3.8		12.2	63.4
Fogelman et al[47] (n = 50)	GemOx + BEV	12.1		NR		NR	39
Kim et al[48] (n = 82)	GemOx + BEV	8.1		5.7		11.3	NR
Ko et al[49] (n = 57)	Gem + Cetuximab + BEV	NR		3.5		10.7	29
	Cetuximab + BEV			1.8		0	24
Kindler et al[50] (n = 139)	Gem + BEV + Erlotinib	7.8		5.0		23	49
	Gem + BEV + Cetuximab	7.2		5.1		18	45
Phase III trial
Moore et al[40] (n = 569)	Gem + Erlotinib	6.37	0.038	NR	0.004
	Gem	5.91
Philip et al[43] (n = 735)	Gem + Cetuximab	6.5	0.14	3.5	0.058
	Gem	6.0		3.0
Kindler et al[45] (n = 602)	Gem + BEV	5.7	NS	4.8	NS
	Gem	6.0		4.3
Vervenne et al[46] (n = 607)	Gem + BEV	7.1	NS	4.6	0.0002
	Gem	6.0		3.6

ORR: Overall response rate; SD: Stable disease; NR: Not reported; NS: Not significant; BEV: Bevacizumab; Gem: Gemcitabine; Gem FDR: Gemcitabine fixed-dose rate; GemOx: Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m² iv over 100 min on day 1 plus oxaliplatin 100 mg/m² on day 2 every 14 d.