Accuracy of ultrasound to identify chronic liver disease

Table 3 Inter-rater reliability for quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies items

QUADAS item	Agreement (%)	κ
Representative spectrum?	90	0.4621
Selection criteria clear?	81	0.6321
Appropriate reference standard?	100	1.0001
Appropriate delay between tests?	100	1.0001
Partial verification avoided?	95	-2
Differential verification avoided?	95	-2
Incorporation avoided?	100	1.0001
Adequate index test description?	86	0.4681
Adequate reference test description?	76	-2
Index test blinded?	86	0.7041
Reference test blinded?	95	0.9011
Relevant clinical information available?	86	0.7121
Uninterpretable results reported?	29	0.022
Withdrawals explained?	33	0.033

¹Agreement significantly greater than chance (P < 0.05);

²A κ statistic could not be calculated because one reviewer responded "yes" for all studies on this item. QUADAS: Quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies.