Impaired contractility and remodeling of the upper gastrointestinal tract in diabetes mellitus type-1

Figure 2 Schematic illustration of the neural pathways involved in distension-induced contraction. The primary afferent neurons, the excitatory interneurons and efferent neurons are shown. The dotted neurons illustrate extrinsic pathways. The induction of contraction on the bag depends on the local reflex arc (bottom). The measurement 6 cm proximal to the bag depends on a longer reflex arc including extrinsic pathways (top).