Viral and cellular determinants involved in hepadnaviral entry

Table 2 Described binding partners for HBV preS2 and S-domains

Domain	aa	Described interaction partners/binding factors for HBV	Ref.
preS2		Binds to polymerised human serum albumin (pHSA). pHSA has affinity to hepatocytes	[157]
		Preincubation of human liver membranes with pHSA induced binding of rec. HBsAg/preS2	[158]
		Natural pHSA only present in minor amount in serum	[159]
	3-16	Natural monomeric HSA binds to preS2 domain aa 3-16	[160]
	3-16	Binding site for pHSA	[161]
	2-24	Polyclonal antisera against preS2 peptide (2-24) neutralised HBV infection of chimpanzees	[71]
	14-32	Immunisation of chimpanzees with preS2 peptide (14-32) protected against infection	[162]
	3-16	PreS2 antisera against aa 3-16 inhibited infection completely, others only partially	[33]
S		Human apolipoprotein H (apo H) binds to small surface protein (SHBs)	[163,164]
		SHBs binds endonexin II, now called annexin V	[165]
		Overexpression of annexin V in rat hepatoma cells supported HBV-infection	[166]
		Yeast-derived SHBs alone did not bind to HBV-susceptible hepatocytes	[34]