Long-term outcomes of hepatectomy vs percutaneous ablation for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma ≤ 4 cm

Table 1 Clinicopathologic characteristics of 149 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma according to treatment modality

Variable	Hepatectomy	Percutaneous ablation
Age (yr)
≤ 65	56	33
> 65	29	31
Gender
Male	61	43
Female	24	21
HBsAg
Negative	61	54
Positive	24	10
HCVAb
Negative	38	11
Positive	47	53b
Cirrhosis
Absent	38	13
Present	47	51b
Child-Pugh classification
A	74	30
B plus C	11	34b
ICG R15 (%)
≤ 10	52	10
> 10	33	54b
AST(IU/L)
≤ 50	48	17
> 50	37	47b
ALT(IU/L)
≤ 50	50	23
> 50	35	41b
AFP (ng/mL)
≤ 20	39	27
> 20	46	37
No. of hepatic tumors
Solitary	67	41
Multiple	18	23
Tumor size (cm)
≤ 2	23	43
> 2	62	21b

ICG R15: indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min.

^bP < 0.01 between groups.