Outcome of non-variceal acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in relation to the time of endoscopy and the experience of the endoscopist: A two-year survey

Table 1 Distribution of 272 patients with acute non-variceal upper GI bleeding according to age, sex, and other selected covariates

Covariates		n (%)
Sex, male		186 (68.4)
Mean age (yr)		67.4±15.8
<40		19 (7.0)
40–49		24 (8.8)
50–59		26 (9.6)
60–69		51 (18.8)
70–79		88 (32.4)
≥ 80		64 (23.5)
Shock grade1: 0		213 (78.3)
1		35 (12.8)
2		24 (8.8)
Comorbidities: cardiovascular		73 (26.8)
Neoplastic		30 (11.0)
Hepatic		26 (9.5)
Nephropathic		17 (6.2)
Multiple		48 (17.6)
Others		37 (13.3)
Main symptom at presentation2: hematemesis		114 (42.0)
Melena		89 (33.0)
Anemia		69 (25.0)
Epigastric pain		19 (7.0)
Time of endoscopy: 8.00 a.m.–5.00 a.m.		221 (81.0)
5.00 p.m.–8.00 a.m.		51 (19.0)
Rockall score: 1–3		58 (21.3)
4–6		146 (53.7)
>6		68 (25.0)
Ulcer location: esophagus		21 (7.7)
Stomach		121 (44.5)
Duodenum		130 (47.8)
Ulcer size3: <20 mm		152 (68.5)
≥20 mm		70 (31.5)
Forrest classification: 1A		6 (2.2)
1B		59 (21.7)
2A		19 (7.0)
2B		63 (23.2)
2C		125 (45.9)
Transfusion requirements before
endoscopy: (number of blood units)	0	229 (84.2)
	1–4	37 (13.6)
	≥5	6 (2.2)

¹Shock grade: grade 0 = no shock signs (systolic BP >100, pulse <100), grade 1 = tachycardia (systolic BP >100, pulse >100), grade 2 = hypotension (systolic BP <100, pulse >100).

²The sum of main symptoms is higher than the number of patients as some patients had more than one main symptom at presentation.

³The sum does not add up to the total because of some missing values.