Enhancing medical-imaging artificial intelligence through holistic use of time-tested key imaging and clinical parameters: Future insights

Core Tip

Core Tip: It is necessary to understand the principles of how different artificial intelligence (AI) approaches work to appreciate their respective strengths and limitations. While advances in deep neural net research in Radiology are impressive, their focus must shift from applications that perform only single recognition task, to those that perform realistic multi-recognition tasks that radiologists perform daily. Humans use multiple problem-solving strategies, applying each as needed. Similarly, realistic AI solutions must combine multiple approaches. Good radiologists are also good clinicians. AI must similarly be able to use all available evidence, not imaging information alone, and not just one/Limited aspects of imaging. Both humans and computer algorithms (including AI) can be biased. A way to reduce bias, as well as prevent failure, is better explainability – the ability to clearly describe the workings of a particular application to a subject-matter expert unfamiliar with AI technology. Federated learning allows more generalizable and accurate machine-learning models to be created by preserving data privacy, concerns about which form a major barrier to large-scale collaboration. While the physical hurdles to implementing Quantum computing at a commercial level are formidable, this technology has the potential to revolutionize all of computing.