Panda BB, Koppalu Lingaraju T, Mishra P, Nayak B. Artificial intelligence in oculoplasty: Current applications and future perspectives. Artif Intell Med Imaging 2026; 7(1): 116377 [DOI: 10.35711/aimi.v7.i1.116377]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Bijnya Birajita Panda, Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar 751019, Odisha, India. bigyan_panda@yahoo.co.in
Research Domain of This Article
Ophthalmology
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review-article
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Panda BB, Koppalu Lingaraju T, Mishra P, Nayak B. Artificial intelligence in oculoplasty: Current applications and future perspectives. Artif Intell Med Imaging 2026; 7(1): 116377 [DOI: 10.35711/aimi.v7.i1.116377]
Bijnya Birajita Panda, Thilakraj Koppalu Lingaraju, Priyadarshini Mishra, Bhagabat Nayak, Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751019, Odisha, India
Author contributions: Panda BB designed the concept of the review, wrote the manuscript, prepared the final figure and the final version of the manuscript after incorporating the added clinical inputs; Koppalu Lingaraju T, Mishra P, and Nayak B provided clinical inputs and critically analyzed the manuscript.
AI contribution statement: No portion of the Main Text of the manuscript was AI-generated. However, ChatGPT was used to modify the language of the text and then further modified by Grammarly for English grammar correction. AI tool ChatGPT was used for language polishing. It was not used for data analysis, any translation etc. AI tool did not participate in the design of the study or interpretation of the results.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest in publishing the manuscript.
Corresponding author: Bijnya Birajita Panda, Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar 751019, Odisha, India. bigyan_panda@yahoo.co.in
Received: November 10, 2025 Revised: February 3, 2026 Accepted: March 19, 2026 Published online: September 8, 2026 Processing time: 295 Days and 14.8 Hours
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming clinical ophthalmology, with most validated applications in retinal and corneal imaging. In contrast, oculoplastic surgery – which encompasses eyelid, orbital, lacrimal, and periocular disorders – has only recently begun to incorporate AI into clinical workflows. Emerging applications include automated image analysis for eyelid malpositions, deep learning-based interpretation of orbital imaging, AI-assisted planning for dacryocystorhinostomy, and predictive modeling in reconstructive and aesthetic procedures. Despite encouraging results, challenges such as limited datasets, imaging heterogeneity, lack of multimodal integration, and regulatory readiness continue to hinder widespread clinical adoption. This mini-review summarizes current AI applications in oculoplastic surgery, identifies key knowledge gaps, and discusses future directions toward personalized, multimodal, AI-driven surgical care.
Core Tip: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the landscape of oculoplasty, extending its impact beyond retinal and corneal imaging into eyelid, orbital, lacrimal, and reconstructive surgery. AI-driven systems now automate periocular measurements, detect and classify orbital tumors, assist in dacryocystorhinostomy planning, and predict postoperative aesthetic outcomes, enabling greater precision, consistency, and efficiency. However, clinical adoption remains limited by small, heterogeneous datasets, imaging variability, and ethical or regulatory challenges. Continued collaboration between clinicians, data scientists, and engineers is essential to develop validated, transparent, and user-friendly tools. As multimodal AI platforms, robotic-assisted surgery, and tele-oculoplasty advance, they promise to usher in a new era of personalized, data-driven oculoplastic care – seamlessly combining surgical expertise with intelligent technology to enhance both functional and aesthetic outcomes.
