Emerging high-consequence infectious disease outbreaks (EHCIDs) have significantly impacted healthcare systems worldwide. Nurses specialising in outbreak response nurses play an important role in the prevention and control of EHCIDs. However, the specific competencies required for these nurses remain undefined. This study aims to develop a competency model for nurses involved in managing EHCIDs, providing a foundation for the training and organisation of specialised nurse response teams.

We recruited a geographically stratified sample of nurses from tertiary hospitals in four representative regions of China (Eastern, Western, Northern, Southern) for this cross-sectional study, conducted from April 2021 to April 2023. Using the validated Behavioural Event Interview (BEI) methodology, we conducted qualitative research with 40 nurses from hospitals designated for COVID-19 treatment. Participants were asked to describe three successful scenarios and three challenging experiences they encountered during recent pandemic responses with semi-structured interviews. We analysed the qualitative data using an iterative constant comparison method, employing a three-phase coding process (open, axial, selective) facilitated by NVivo 12.0 software. This analysis culminated in an evidence-based competency model. To ensure the model's reliability and validity, we performed categorical consistency checks and synchronous cross-validity testing‌.

The study included 20 excellent nurses and 20 average nurses. We developed a tailored nursing competency model comprising 20 total competencies, categorised into core (6 competencies), critical (7 competencies), and foundational (7 competencies). Inter-coder reliability was robust, with Cohen's κ ranging from 0.741 to 0.830, and an overall agreement of 0.773. Significant differences in competency scores (p < 0.05) were noted between high-performing and adequately-performing nurses, particularly in core and critical competencies.

The competency model for outbreak response nursing is scientifically robust and practically applicable. It is particularly crucial for effective nursing management in the face of sudden and uncertain infectious disease outbreaks.

To construct a research competency index system suitable for hospital pharmacists in China and evaluate it, promoting the transformation of hospital pharmacists and the construction and development of pharmacy discipline.

Combining literature research, behavioral event interviews were conducted on pharmaceutical personnel from 18 tertiary hospitals in 7 regions nationwide. Based on the interview results, a framework was developed. The framework was refined through focus group discussions and 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultations. The weights of each indicator were determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the Yaahp software. The indicator system was validated and evaluated through a questionnaire survey. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted using SPSS 23.0 software, and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using Amos 24.0 software to examine the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.

This study ultimately established a research competency indicator system for Chinese hospital pharmacists, comprising 3 primary indicators, 9 secondary indicators, and 42 tertiary indicators. The weights for each level of indicators were determined. The questionnaire survey method validated the reliability and validity of the system, indicating a good fit of the system.

The research has successfully established a research competency indicator system for Chinese hospital pharmacists, which exhibits good representativeness, authority, and applicability. It provides a theoretical basis for future studies on the research competency of hospital pharmacists and provides a valuable reference for promoting the construction and development of pharmacy discipline.

The capacity of tertiary general hospitals to prevent and treat respiratory infectious diseases plays a key role in effectively containing the spread of major epidemics within hospitals and ensuring early treatment for patients. This, in turn, helps control the transmission of diseases at the societal level and safeguard public health. However, there is a lack of detailed indicators for assessing hospitals' capacity in this area, which makes it difficult to evaluate and manage practices. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a comprehensive evaluation index system to assess the capabilities of tertiary general hospitals in preventing and treating respiratory infectious diseases.

This study utilizes a three-dimensional evaluation model, "Structure-Process-Outcome" as the theoretical basis and first-level index of the indicator system for evaluating the abilities of tertiary general hospitals in preventing and treating respiratory infectious disease. A combination of literature review, semi-structured interviews, and Delphi expert consultation was employed to ensure comprehensive and reliable indicators. The hierarchical analysis method (AHP) was used to determine the weights of the indicators.

The effective response rates for the two rounds of the Delphi survey were 95.2% and 100%, respectively. The expert authority coefficients were 0.905 and 0.923, respectively. Kendall's W for the importance of all the indicators increased from 0.274 to 0.327 (P < 0.001), and for feasibility, it increased from 0.198 to 0.240 (P < 0.001). After two rounds of expert consultation, a final evaluation indicator system was established, including 3 first-level indicators, 12 s-level indicators, and 41 third-level indicators, with assigned weights.

This study establishes a comprehensive evaluation index system, providing a scientific basis for evaluating the capacity of tertiary general hospitals to prevent and treat respiratory infectious diseases. The system provides valuable reference for improving hospital preparedness and response strategies, and for evaluating the infectious disease prevention and treatment system in Beijing, China.

Traditionally, poverty assessment has relied on a single income criterion, which is inadequate in contexts where absolute poverty has been mitigated. This study developed a weighting scheme for the Multidimensional Health Poverty Index (MHPI) based on sustainable livelihood framework (SLF), aimed at enhancing the accuracy of poverty identification in China.

A two-round Delphi process was used to determine the indicators of the index system. The weight of each indicator was calculated using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. The multidimensional poverty index incorporates SLF's five dimensions: financial, natural, physical, social, and human capital.

The initial 46 indicators formed an indicator pool for the Delphi questionnaire. Based on the final consensus of the expert panel, the Delphi consultation resulted in an index system comprising six first-level and 23 second-level indicators. The weight values of the first-level indicators (economic security, health status, education, social capital, healthcare utilisation, and living conditions) were 0.2715, 0.2593, 0.0855, 0.0657, 0.1812, and 0.1363, respectively.

This study established a scientific and effective index to evaluate generate weight for estimating multidimensional health poverty in China. Economic security, health status, and healthcare utilisation are the most crucial aspects of multidimensional health poverty. Moreover, the results indicated that vocational training and social capital should be emphasised.

We focus on the importance and necessity of post-competency-based training in medical education alongside its current challenges and opportunities. Integrating post competency training into standardized educational frameworks is increasingly recognized as a critical component of preparing residents and postgraduates for real-world clinical practice. Post competency training represents a commitment to excellence in medical education, striving to produce competent, skilled practitioners to meet the challenges of modern healthcare.

The Chronic Kidney Disease Management Centre (CKDMC) primarily focuses on developing a new system for early screening, standardised diagnosis, treatment, and the long-term follow-up management of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to enhance CKD prevention and management. Nurses play a pivotal role in the comprehensive management of CKD, contributing considerably to the improvement of patient survival. Consequently, this study constructs an evaluation index system for nursing positions in the CKDMC, delineating the required competencies of nurses and providing a foundation for their targeted training.

A literature review and semi-structured interviews were used to develop the competency evaluation index system for nursing positions at the CKDMC. The Delphi method, involving expert correspondence, was employed over two rounds of inquiry with 16 experts, focusing on screening, modifying, and refining the indicators at all levels.

The response rates for the first and second rounds of the questionnaire were 100% and 93.8%, respectively, with expert authority coefficients of 0.73 for both rounds. The finalised competency evaluation index system includes 3 primary indicators (theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and professional attitude), 10 secondary indicators, and 44 tertiary indicators.

The study successfully established a CKD specialist nurse competency evaluation index system comprising 3 primary, 10 secondary, and 44 tertiary indicators. The consensus among experts was high, rendering the results scientific, objective, and reliable. This system can serve as a basis for the training, selection, and competency evaluation of nursing professionals in CKDMCs.

There is currently a lack of functional assessment tools based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) theoretical framework that are specific for older adults.

The aim of the present study was to develop Chinese assessment standards of the ICF Geriatric Core Set for functional evaluation of older adults.

A two-stage study process was conducted to develop the assessment standards of the ICF Geriatric Core Set: establishment of candidate assessment standards, and a modified Delphi consensus process including a pilot survey and two-round formal expert survey. Thirty participants in the field of ICF and geriatric rehabilitation were recruited. The suitability of the assessment standards in the questionnaires was rated using a Likert 5-level scoring method. The arithmetic mean, the full mark ratio and the coefficient of variation (CV) were used as screening indicators for the assessment standards, and modification was made for several standards, in line with the Delphi results and the expert panel discussion.

Thirty-three candidate assessment standards belonging to 17 categories were generated. A total of 26 and 24 experts in the field of ICF and geriatric rehabilitation participated in the two-round survey, respectively. Five standards belonging to four categories entered into the second-round survey directly, five standards belonged to five categories entered with minor modification, and nine standards belonging to seven categories were redesigned based on the literature and discussion of the expert panel. In the second-round survey,15 assessment standards belonging to 15 categories met the screening requirements and four assessment standards belonged to the two remaining categories that needed a criterion and which the expert panel discussed for the final decision.

Using the modified Delphi method, the assessment standards of the ICF Geriatric Core Set have been developed.Future work should focus on the reliability and validity of the the assessment standards and their application to the health management of older adults.

With social transformation, rapid economic development and deepening awareness of psychological health in China, people's demand for psychological health services is becoming increasingly urgent. A key challenge for Chinese medical organizations is to train enough qualified psychological care nurses. A greater understanding of psychological care competences (PCC) can help in clinical nurse selection, training, and assessment.

To develop a PCC framework for Chinese nurses and obtain a consensus on the framework among experts.

A descriptive mixed methods study was designed consisting of a literature review and semi-structured interviews followed by three Delphi rounds. The experts (n = 16) involved were nurses, nursing managers and educators from nine Chinese provinces with a specific interest in psychological care. Descriptive statistics assisted in data analysis.

Using the Iceberg Model as a theoretical foundation, five main dimensions and associated subdomains were integrated from 39 chosen articles. The semi-structured interviews with 24 nursing managers and nurses confirmed all of the themes from the literature review while generating new themes, both of which were incorporated into the initial PCC framework. After three Delphi rounds, the experts reached consensus on the PCC framework, including five domains (knowledge, skills, professional ethics, personal traits, internal motivations) and 22 subdomains with connotations. The response rate (RR) values for the three rounds of consultation were 80.00%, 87.50% and 92.86%, the composite reliability (Cr) values were 0.89-0.90, and the Kendall coordination coefficients were 0.155-0.200 (P < 0.05).

On the basis of the Iceberg Model, literature review and qualitative research methods along with Delphi technique were used to develop a scientific and systematic PCC framework. The research methods were feasible and the results were reliable, thereby providing a basis for adopting this framework into nursing education. A formal assessment tool should be developed to test the PCC of nurses in clinical practice.

A public health emergency can cause large numbers of deaths in a short period, with devastating social, economic and health consequences. Nurses are the main healthcare providers during such emergencies, and their competencies affect the control and outcomes of the situation. Studies on nurses' competencies in public health emergencies vary between countries and healthcare systems. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review to identify the common domains of nurses' competencies in public health emergencies worldwide.

We searched the PubMed, CINHAL, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Embase, Cochrane Library, WanFang and ECRI databases from their inception to 2023. All published articles on nurses' competencies in public health emergencies that were published in English and Chinese were included. We mainly analyzed and synthesized nurses' competencies, assessment instruments and the training described in the included studies.

A total of 27 competency domains were identified following an analysis and summary. The most frequently cited domains were communication skills, self-protection skills, basic knowledge of a public health emergency, laws and ethics and the capacity for organizational collaboration. The Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool and the Emergency Preparedness Information Questionnaire were the most commonly used tools for assessing competencies. Most training was conducted online and the content that was covered varied by country.

Given the significant roles and responsibilities of nurses in public health emergencies, knowing the domains of their competencies is essential to evaluating, developing, and conducting clinical training.

To explore the basic and core competencies of dental hygienists, construct a systematic and scientific competency framework for dental hygienists taking into account China's national conditions and provide a theoretical basis for the future training in China and other countries that have not yet established the competencies of dental hygienists.

The establishment of dental hygienists role is essential for the public to improve the dental health level. Currently, more than 50 countries around the world have established the role of dental hygienists and defined the core competencies needed by dental hygienists. However, studies on developing a standardized and unified consensus of competencies of dental hygienists are lacking in China.

Based on the literature review and theoretical research, this study explored the theoretical basis and fundamental principle of constructing the competency framework for dental hygienists. Moreover, a correspondence questionnaire on dental hygienists' competency framework was initially constructed to clarify the specific content of each competency. Finally, the Delphi method was adopted to establish the indicators of the dental hygienists' competency framework according to the principle of expert selection and inclusion criteria.

The three rounds of Delphi consultation experts were from nursing, stomatology and management and other fields. Three rounds of Delphi results showed that the expert authority, enthusiasm and coordination coefficients were high. Thereafter, a competency framework of dental hygienists with 4 primary indicators, 15 secondary indicators and 50 tertiary indicators was constructed, which included theoretical knowledge, professional skills, professional abilities and occupational qualities.

Literature and theoretical research methods along with Delphi expert consultation were used to construct the competency framework of dental hygienists based on the onion model. The competency framework of dental hygienists was scientific, reasonable and practical, which is consistent with the current health situation in China and has distinct Chinese characteristics. Some of our findings, offer ideas for other developing countries that have not yet set up the role of dental hygienists or are in an initial stage.

To develop a specific supportive care needs scale for patients who have undergone radical cystectomy, and to assess its reliability and validity.

The clinical test version of the scale was developed based on literature review, qualitative interviews, Delphi method, and a pretest. The reliability and validity of the scale were assessed in a cohort of 603 patients who had undergone radical cystectomy at 5 Grade A hospitals in Chongqing, China.

The final scale included 26 items across the following 7 dimensions: health information needs, social needs, family support needs, physiological needs, sexual needs, daily activities needs, and psychological needs. The content validity index was 0.991 and the content validity indices of each item ranged from 0.889 to 1.00. Seven factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis and the cumulative contribution of variance accounted for 70.762%. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good fit of the model (X²/df = 1.595, GFI = 0.904, IFI = 0.943, TLI = 0.932, CFI = 0.942, RMSEA = 0.044, and RMR = 0.026). The Cronbach's ɑ coefficient and retest reliability were 0.807 and 0.810, respectively.

The specific supportive care needs scale for radical cystectomy patients developed in this study showed the good reliability and validity. The tool can be invaluable for comprehensive assessment of the specific supportive care needs of these patients.