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Sidarta A, Soh LJ, Lie E, Kwong WHP, Yeh IL, Liang P, Ang WT. Establishing normative pinch and grip strengths across adult age groups in Singapore. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2025; 17:84. [PMID: 40229663 PMCID: PMC11998345 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-025-01140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2025] [Indexed: 04/16/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pinch and grip strengths are vital indicators of upper limb function, musculoskeletal health, and general health. While most research has focused on older individuals, it is crucial to build normative data for younger populations. This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the normative values for lateral pinch strength (LPS) and hand grip strength (HGS) in healthy adult Singaporeans. METHODS The study recruited 500 healthy individuals without any serious general illnesses and upper limb pain, aged 21-80 years. LPS and HGS were measured using a standardized JAMAR hand dynamometer. Age, gender, hand dominance, and participant demographics were recorded. Normative values were then established for different age groups and hand dominance. A machine learning approach was employed to determine the most relevant variables for dominant LPS and HGS in our data, respectively. RESULTS Our data showed that HGS and LPS peaked between 40-44 years of age in women. In men, average HGS peaked between 35-39 years and LPS peaked between 50-54 years. Compared to the non-dominant side, dominant HGS was 6.86% and 6.23% higher in women and men, respectively. The difference between dominant and non-dominant LPS in men and women was 6.96% and 9.18%, respectively. Age was strongly associated with hand strength for older participants, but not for younger ones. Height, weight, and age were important for predicting dominant HGS and LPS, and gait speed for HGS only. CONCLUSIONS Our data align with past results, but the normative values are comparatively lower than the consolidated Western norms. Compared to the non-dominant hand, the strength of the dominant hand is significantly higher. No statistical difference between the right- and left-handed participants in terms of dominant HGS and dominant LPS. The results can be valuable for researchers and healthcare providers working with young and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Sidarta
- Rehabilitation Research Institute of Singapore, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Li Jing Soh
- Rehabilitation Research Institute of Singapore, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eloise Lie
- Rehabilitation Research Institute of Singapore, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Hang Patrick Kwong
- Rehabilitation Research Institute of Singapore, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - I-Ling Yeh
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Phyllis Liang
- Rehabilitation Research Institute of Singapore, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Tech Ang
- Rehabilitation Research Institute of Singapore, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Do K, Hoang D, Luong Q, Nguyen H, Do A, Ho‐Pham L, Nguyen T. Reference Values of Handgrip and Lower Extremity Strength for Vietnamese Men and Women: The Vietnam Osteoporosis Study. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2025; 16:e13689. [PMID: 39790036 PMCID: PMC11718216 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 10/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/31/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls and sarcopenia are significant public health issues in Vietnam. Despite muscle strength being a critical predictor for these conditions, reference data on muscle strength within the Vietnamese population are lacking. PURPOSE To establish the reference ranges for muscle strength among Vietnamese individuals. METHODS The study involved 4096 individuals, including 1419 men and 2677 women aged 18 years and above, from the Vietnam Osteoporosis Study. Muscle strength was assessed using a Baseline hand dynamometer for handgrip strength and a Back-Leg-Chest dynamometer for leg strength. We calculated mean values, standard deviations, interquartile ranges, and peak muscle strength (pMS) for both handgrip and leg strength across various ages. Reference curves were created with the Generalised Additive Model for Location Scale and Shape, and polynomial regression models were employed to analyse the relationship between muscle strength and age. RESULTS Advancing age was significantly associated with lower muscle strength. Peak muscle strength typically occurred between ages 30 and 40, with earlier peaks in women, especially in leg strength. Men consistently showed higher muscle strength than women, with variations depending on the measurement site. Specifically, average handgrip strength was 36.4 kg ± 8.4 (mean ± SD) for men and 23.2 kg ± 6.0 for women (p < 0.001). Leg strength averaged 63.9 kg ± 27.2 for men and 29.5 kg ± 13.9 for women (p < 0.001). Additionally, we produced a percentile chart illustrating muscle weakness ranges based on the 25th percentile of muscle strength and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) for the Vietnamese population. CONCLUSION These data provide reference ranges for evaluating muscle strength in the Vietnamese population, offering crucial insights for identifying individuals at risk of falls or sarcopenia in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiet T. Do
- Department of Internal MedicineLe Van Thinh HospitalHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
- Saigon Precision Medicine Research CenterHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Duy K. Hoang
- School of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Quan N. Luong
- Saigon Precision Medicine Research CenterHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Huy G. Nguyen
- Saigon Precision Medicine Research CenterHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
- School of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - An T. Do
- Saigon Precision Medicine Research CenterHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
- Department of Internal MedicineVinmec Central Park International HospitalHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Lan T. Ho‐Pham
- Saigon Precision Medicine Research CenterHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
- BioMedicine Research CenterPham Ngoc Thach University of MedicineVietnam
| | - Tuan V. Nguyen
- School of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyAustralia
- Tam Anh Research InstituteHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
- School of Population HealthUNSW Medicine UNSW SydneySydneyAustralia
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Kim YI, Ryu JS, Kim JK, Oh BH, Shin YH. Quantitative Bone SPECT/CT Parameters Could Predict the Success of the Conservative Treatment for Symptomatic Basal Joint Arthritis of the Thumb. Clin Nucl Med 2025; 50:150-155. [PMID: 39601062 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000005576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of quantitatively assessed bone SPECT/CT parameters for predicting the success of conservative treatment for symptomatic basal joint arthritis of the thumb. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy-eight patients (128 hands) with symptomatic basal joint arthritis of the thumb who underwent bone SPECT/CT scans within 4 weeks after their initial visit and completed conservative treatment for more than 6 months between April 2019 and April 2023 were retrospectively enrolled. PRWHE (patient-rated wrist/hand evaluation) was evaluated in all patients before and after the treatment. The SUV max from bone SPECT/CT was measured in the 4 peritrapezial joints, and the highest uptake was used for analysis. RESULTS On the basis of the minimal clinically important difference in PRWHE scores, 64 hands (50.0% of 128 hands) were classified as the treatment success group and 64 hands (50.0% of 128 hands) were failure group. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, only high SUV max (odds ratio, 1.097; 95% confidence interval, 1.027-1.172; P = 0.006) was a factor significantly associated with the success of conservative treatment. In receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, the area under the curve of SUV max was 0.649 (95% confidence interval, 0.554-0.744; P = 0.002). As a prognostic parameter for the success of conservative treatment, SUV max showed a sensitivity of 56.3% and specificity of 70.3% with a cutoff of 9.52. CONCLUSIONS High initial SUV max on bone SPECT/CT was significantly associated with the success of conservative treatment for symptomatic basal joint arthritis of the thumb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Il Kim
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sook Ryu
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hun Oh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Shin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim JI, Jeong I, Yoon S, Kang B. The relationship between grandparental childcare experience and relative handgrip strength among middle-aged and older adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:27743. [PMID: 39532985 PMCID: PMC11557910 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-79077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 11/06/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Delayed marriage and childbirth often result in individuals becoming grandparents in middle and older age, coinciding with significant physical transitions. This study examines the relationship between the intensity of grandparental childcare, measured in terms of time-commitment over the last year, and relative handgrip strength among South Korea adults aged 45-84. Data from 3,742 participants with grandchildren were analyzed using the 2008-2010 waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. After applying propensity score matching, a final sample of 286 participants was analyzed with multivariate logistic regression model. Results showed that grandparents who provided childcare for an average of less than 40 h per week (Odds Ratio [OR] = 3.62) were more likely to have lower handgrip strength compared to those without caregiving experience. Additionally, those over the age of 65 showed a similar trend (OR = 2.76). Conversely, grandparents with positive self-rated health were less likely to exhibit lower handgrip strength than those rating their health as moderate (OR = 0.28). Grandparents who provided care for more than half the year were also less likely to have lower handgrip strength than those who provided less frequent care (OR = 0.26). This study highlights grandparental childcare as both a vital family support mechanism and a factor influencing physical health. Findings on caregiving intensity, particularly the role of moderate weekly childcare hours and longer terms involvement, underscore the importance of aligning caregiving commitments with grandparents' health perceptions and capacities. Developing guidelines for optimal childcare duration and recommending physical activities tailored to support grandparents' well-being would further promote healthy aging within a family-centered caregiving system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Ivy Kim
- Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Innhee Jeong
- Korea Armed Forces Nursing Academy, Dajeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seolah Yoon
- Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bada Kang
- Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Oh BH, Kalantan RK, Kim JK, Shin YH. Physical Performance Level and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Female Patients with Distal Radius Fracture. J Bone Metab 2024; 31:316-325. [PMID: 39701110 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.24.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 12/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the influence of physical performance level on patient-reported outcomes after surgery for distal radius fractures (DRF). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 157 women with DRF who underwent surgery and completed the short physical performance battery (SPPB) within one month of trauma between January 2019 and August 2022. Patient-reported outcomes were assessed one year postoperatively using the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) and patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) questionnaires. Multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted using patient characteristics, fracture type, treatment-related factors, and SPPB results to evaluate the factors associated with patient-reported outcomes. RESULTS Multivariate linear regression model revealed that dominant hand involvement (B=7.329; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.901-11.757; P=0.001) and lower SPPB scores (B=-2.145; 95% CI, -3.194 to -1.096; P<0.001) were significantly associated with higher DASH and PRWE scores. CONCLUSIONS Physical performance level evaluated using the SPPB was significantly associated with poor clinical outcomes of DRF after surgery. Physicians should implement a systematic approach to enhance physical performance along with appropriate fracture treatment to improve clinical outcomes following surgery for DRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Hun Oh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Rawdhah Kamil Kalantan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ho Shin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee JK, Jung M, Lee HB, Chung HJ, Lee SH. Reliability and Validity of the Martin Vigorimeter for Grip Strength Measurement in Korean Adults. Clin Orthop Surg 2024; 16:610-619. [PMID: 39092298 PMCID: PMC11262940 DOI: 10.4055/cios23383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Grip strength is important for fine motor skills, and one of the measurement tools for grip strength is the Martin Vigorimeter (MV) dynamometer. Studies on establishing the reliability and validity of the MV in Koreans are limited. We aimed to establish the reliability and validity of the MV for grip strength measurement in healthy Korean adults by comparing it with the Jamar dynamometer, the standard tool used by the American Society of Hand Therapists. Methods In total, 99 healthy participants (50 men and 49 women) were enrolled. Grip strength was measured using the Jamar dynamometer and MV. Reliability and validity were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and minimal detectable change (MDC). The correlation between the measurements of the instruments was analyzed using Pearson's correlation. The effect of hand anthropometry was evaluated, and the conversion equation between the instruments was calculated. Results MV showed excellent reliability (ICC > 0.90, p < 0.001) and validity with a high correlation (0.7 ≤ r < 0.9) with the Jamar dynamometer. The MDC was acceptable for detecting minimal clinically important differences (< 19.5%) in both instruments (Jamar: 3.4%-6.7%, MV: 3.8% to 6.3%). The grip strength measured using the MV was independent of hand anthropometry, unlike that using the Jamar dynamometer. Conclusions This study provides insights into the relationship between the Jamar and MV instruments for measuring grip strength in Koreans. The MV is a viable alternative to the Jamar dynamometer in Koreans, offering not only reproducible and reliable measurements of grip strength but also the advantage of being unaffected by variations in hand anthropometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Kil Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Sejong, Korea
| | - Meesun Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Han Byul Lee
- Research Institute for Future Medical Science, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - Hyung Jin Chung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Sejong, Korea
| | - Seung Hoo Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Sejong, Korea
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Artiukhov AV, Solovjeva ON, Balashova NV, Sidorova OP, Graf AV, Bunik VI. Pharmacological Doses of Thiamine Benefit Patients with the Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy by Changing Thiamine Diphosphate Levels and Affecting Regulation of Thiamine-Dependent Enzymes. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:1161-1182. [PMID: 39218016 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924070010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) neuropathy is a polygenic disorder of peripheral nerves with no effective cure. Thiamine (vitamin B1) is a neurotropic compound that improves neuropathies. Our pilot study characterizes therapeutic potential of daily oral administration of thiamine (100 mg) in CMT neuropathy and its molecular mechanisms. The patient hand grip strength was determined before and after thiamine administration along with the blood levels of the thiamine coenzyme form (thiamine diphosphate, ThDP), activities of endogenous holo-transketolase (without ThDP in the assay medium) and total transketolase (with ThDP in the assay medium), and transketolase activation by ThDP [1 - (holo-transketolase/total transketolase),%], corresponding to the fraction of ThDP-free apo-transketolase. Single cases of administration of sulbutiamine (200 mg) or benfotiamine (150 mg) reveal their effects on the assayed parameters within those of thiamine. Administration of thiamine or its pharmacological forms increased the hand grip strength in the CMT patients. Comparison of the thiamin status in patients with different forms of CMT disease to that of control subjects without diagnosed pathologies revealed no significant differences in the average levels of ThDP, holo-transketolase, or relative content of holo and apo forms of transketolase. However, the regulation of transketolase by thiamine/ThDP differed in the control and CMT groups: in the assay, ThDP activated transketolase from the control individuals, but not from CMT patients. Thiamine administration paradoxically decreased endogenous holo-transketolase in CMT patients; this effect was not observed in the control group. Correlation analysis revealed sex-specific differences in the relationship between the parameters of thiamine status in both the control subjects and patients with the CMT disease. Thus, our findings link physiological benefits of thiamine administration in CMT patients to changes in their thiamine status, in particular, the blood levels of ThDP and transketolase regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem V Artiukhov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
- Department of Biochemistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga N Solovjeva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Natalia V Balashova
- Faculty of Advanced Medicine, Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, 129110, Russia
- Faculty of Continuing Medical Education, RUDN Medical Institute, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Olga P Sidorova
- Department of Neurology, Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, 129110, Russia
| | - Anastasia V Graf
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Victoria I Bunik
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
- Department of Biochemistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
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Ha C, Choi I, Lee JK, Oh J, Ahn W, Han SH. Anterolateral Dual Plate Fixation for Distal Metaphyseal-Diaphyseal Junction Fractures of the Humerus: Biomechanical Finite Element Analysis with Clinical Results. Clin Orthop Surg 2024; 16:493-505. [PMID: 38827752 PMCID: PMC11130622 DOI: 10.4055/cios23376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Distal metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction fractures of the humerus are a subset of injuries between humeral shaft fractures and distal intra-articular humerus fractures. A lack of space for distal fixation and the unique anatomy of concave curvature create difficulties during operative treatment. The closely lying radial nerve is another major concern. The aim of this study was to determine whether anterolateral dual plate fixation could be effective for a distal junctional fracture of the humerus both biomechanically and clinically. Methods A right humerus 3-dimensional (3D) model was obtained based on plain radiographs and computed tomography data of patients. Two fractures, a spiral type and a spiral wedge type, were constructed. Three-dimensional models of locking compression plates and screws were constructed using materials provided by the manufacturer. The experiment was conducted by using COMSOL Multiphysics, a finite element analysis, solver, and simulation software package. For the clinical study, from July 2008 to March 2021, a total of 72 patients were included. Their medical records were retrospectively reviewed to obtain patient demographics, elbow range of motion, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scores, Mayo Elbow Performance Scores (MEPS), and hand grip strength. Results No fracture fixation construct completely restored stiffness comparable to the intact model in torsion or compression. Combinations of the 7-hole and 5-hole plates and the 8-hole and 6-hole plates showed superior structural stiffness and stress than those with single lateral plates. At least 3 screws (6 cortices) should be inserted into the lateral plate to reduce the load effectively. For the anterior plate, it was sufficient to purchase only the near cortex. Regarding clinical results of the surgery, the range of motion showed satisfactory results in elbow flexion, elbow extension, and forearm rotation. The average DASH score was 4.3 and the average MEPS was 88.2. Conclusions Anterolateral dual plate fixation was biomechanically superior to the single-plate method in the finite element analysis of a distal junctional fracture of the humerus model. Anterolateral dual plate fixation was also clinically effective in a large cohort of patients with distal junctional fractures of the humerus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheungsoo Ha
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Inrak Choi
- Intuitive Surgical Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA
| | - Jun-Ku Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jongbeom Oh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Wooyeol Ahn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Soo-Hong Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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Cagua Ardila YA, Portilla Díaz M, Martínez-Torres J. [Normative values for handgrip strength in Colombian older adults: Estimation by quantile regression]. Semergen 2024; 50:102123. [PMID: 37939524 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2023.102123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Handgrip strength is a robust indicator of the biological health of elderly. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is twofold: 1) estimate the normative values of absolute and relative handgrip strength, specific to adults over 60 years of age in Colombia, using quantile regression models: 2) compare the normative values of absolute and relative handgrip strength in Colombian older adults with those from different countries. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of a sample of 5377 older adults. Handgrip strength was evaluated with a TKK 5101 digital dynamometer (Takei Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). Relative handgrip strength was estimated by dividing by weight in kilograms. The absolute and relative handgrip strength normative values were estimated through quantile regression models for the percentiles P5, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90 and P95, they were developed independently for each sex; all analyzes were adjusted for the expansion factor. RESULTS Absolute handgrip strength values were considerably higher in men (P50 60-64 years = 32.0 kg, P50 >85 years = 18.0 kg) compared to women (P50 60-65 years = 19.0 kg; P50 >85 years = 12.0 kg), in all age groups. Additionally, as age increases in both sexes, there is a decrease in the values of absolute and relative manual grip strength. CONCLUSIONS The estimated normative values in the Colombian population were generally lower than those reported in other studies around the world. These results could be related with methodologies used variability to evaluate handgrip strength and the estimation methods, which could influence the discrepancies between the different reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y A Cagua Ardila
- Universidad de los Llanos. Escuela de Cuidado. Programa de Fisioterapia, Villavicencio, Colombia
| | - M Portilla Díaz
- Universidad de los Llanos. Escuela de Cuidado. Programa de Fisioterapia, Villavicencio, Colombia
| | - J Martínez-Torres
- Universidad de los Llanos. Escuela de Cuidado. Programa de Fisioterapia, Villavicencio, Colombia.
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Svinøy OE, Hilde G, Bergland A, Strand BH. Reference values for Jamar+ digital dynamometer hand grip strength in healthy adults and in adults with non-communicable diseases or osteoarthritis: the Norwegian Tromsø study 2015-2016. Eur J Ageing 2023; 20:44. [PMID: 37999814 PMCID: PMC10673784 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-023-00791-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hand grip strength (HGS) is a key indicator of intrinsic capacity and has shown good predictive ability for morbidity and mortality. Reference values from normative populations are valuable, and such data from the Norwegian population are scarce. Normative values for the digital Jamar+ dynamometer are largely lacking.HGS was assessed in the Norwegian Tromsø study, survey 7 in 2015-2016 for 7824 participants (9324 invited) aged 40+ using a Jamar+ digital dynamometer, and three measurements for each hand were performed following the Southampton protocol. To account for non-response, full Tromsø population data, by age, education and sex, were collected from registry data from microdata.no, a service from Statistics Norway, and were then used as post-stratification weights, to provide standardized HGS values. HGS was higher in men than in women and inversely associated with age. Men and women with a history of non-communicable diseases had lower HGS than those without these conditions, while osteoarthritis was associated with lower HGS only among men. Lower height was associated with lower HGS, especially at younger ages in men. This article provides up-to-date references values for HGS in the community-dwelling population aged 40+ with or without osteoarthritis or non-communicable diseases, in Tromsø, Norway. These reference values will guide clinicians and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odd-Einar Svinøy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Gunvor Hilde
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Astrid Bergland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Heine Strand
- Department of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Lau RWL, Cheuk KY, Hung VWY, Yu FWP, Tam EMS, Wong LLN, Zhang J, Lee WYW, Cheng JCY, Lam TP, Lau AYC. Handgrip strength assessment at baseline in addition to bone parameters could potentially predict the risk of curve progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1258454. [PMID: 38027290 PMCID: PMC10655030 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1258454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is characterized by deranged bone and muscle qualities, which are important prognostic factors for curve progression. This retrospective case-control study aims to investigate whether the baseline muscle parameters, in addition to the bone parameters, could predict curve progression in AIS. Methods The study included a cohort of 126 female patients diagnosed with AIS who were between the ages of 12 and 14 years old at their initial clinical visit. These patients were longitudinally followed up every 6 months (average 4.08 years) until they reached skeletal maturity. The records of these patients were thoroughly reviewed as part of the study. The participants were categorized into two sub-groups: the progressive AIS group (increase in Cobb angle of ≥6°) and the stable AIS group (increase in Cobb angle <6°). Clinical and radiological assessments were conducted on each group. Results Cobb angle increase of ≥6° was observed in 44 AIS patients (34.9%) prior to skeletal maturity. A progressive AIS was associated with decreased skeletal maturity and weight, lower trunk lean mass (5.7%, p = 0.027) and arm lean mass (8.9%, p < 0.050), weaker dominant handgrip strength (8.8%, p = 0.027), deranged cortical compartment [lower volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) by 6.5%, p = 0.002], and lower bone mechanical properties [stiffness and estimated failure load lowered by 13.2% (p = 0.005) and 12.5% (p = 0.004)]. The best cut-off threshold of maximum dominant handgrip strength is 19.75 kg for distinguishing progressive AIS from stable AIS (75% sensitivity and 52.4% specificity, p = 0.011). Discussion Patients with progressive AIS had poorer muscle and bone parameters than patients with stable AIS. The implementation of a cut-off threshold in the baseline dominant handgrip strength could potentially be used as an additional predictor, in addition to bone parameters, for identifying individuals with AIS who are at higher risk of experiencing curve progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufina Wing Lum Lau
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Yee Cheuk
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vivian Wing Yin Hung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fiona Wai Ping Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Elisa Man Shan Tam
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lyn Lee Ning Wong
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wayne Yuk Wai Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jack Chun Yiu Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tsz Ping Lam
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Adam Yiu Chung Lau
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Núñez-Othón G, Romero-Pérez EM, Camberos NA, Horta-Gim MA, Tánori-Tapia JM, de Paz JA. Functional Capacity of Noninstitutionalized Older Adults from Northwest Mexico: Reference Values. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1733. [PMID: 37372852 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical capacity (PC) is a strong determinant of health, quality of life, and functional independence in older adults. Having reference values for PC specific to a particular region allows for a contextual interpretation of an individual's level. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to describe the evolution of key aspects of PC during the aging process and provide reference values for the major components of health-related PC for the older adult population in Northwest Mexico. METHODS A total of 550 independent older adults (60-84 years, 70% women) from the city of Hermosillo (Sonora, Mexico) were included between January and June 2019. PC was assessed using the Senior Fitness Test Battery (SFTB) and grip-strength test. Reference values were established for 5-year age groups, providing percentile values at 10, 25, 50, 75, and 90. The percentage decrease in functional capacity with aging was determined via a linear regression analysis of age against the percentage value of each subject relative to the average value of 60-year-old individuals of the same sex. RESULTS Statistically significant differences in the results between men and women within the same age group were few and inconsistent, except for handgrip strength, which was lower in women across all age groups. The functional level, with respect to reference values for each age and sex group, was similar between men and women. The most pronounced functional decline during the aging period occurs between 70 and 80 years of age. The various tests generally show an annual percentage loss of approximately 1% from 60 years of age. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study in Mexico that provides reference values for physical capacity using the Senior Fitness Test Battery. In general, older adults-both men and women-show similar functional levels with respect to their respective reference values. In general, an annual decline of 1% from the age of 60 years occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Núñez-Othón
- Division of Biological Sciences and Health, University of Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - José Antonio de Paz
- Division of Biological Sciences and Health, University of Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
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Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity is defined as the presence of high fat mass and low muscle mass combined with low physical function, and it is closely related with the onset of cardiovasular diseases (CVD). The existing anthropometric indices, which are being utilised in clinical practice as predictors of CVD, may also be used to screen sarcopenic obesity, but their feasibility remained unknown. Using cross-sectional data of 2031 participants aged 70-84 years (mean age, 75·9 ± 3·9 years; 49·2 % women) from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study, we analysed the association of anthropometric indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) with sarcopenic obesity. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Higher WWI, WHtR and WC quartiles were associated with higher risk of sarcopenic obesity; the odds ratio (OR) of sarcopenic obesity were highest in the fourth quartile of the WWI (OR: 10·99, 95 % CI: 4·92-24·85, Pfor trend < 0·001). WWI provided the best diagnostic power for sarcopenic obesity in men (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0·781, 95 % CI: 0·751-0·837). No anthropometric indices were significantly associated with sarcopenic obesity in women. WWI was the only index that was negatively correlated with physical function in both men and women. WWI showed the strongest association with sarcopenic obesity, defined by high fat mass and low muscle mass combined with low physical function only in older men. No anthropometric indices were associated with sarcopenic obesity in older women.
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Yoo MC, Won CW, Soh Y. Association of high body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat percentage with sarcopenia in older women. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:937. [PMID: 36471279 PMCID: PMC9724283 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03643-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related obesity and body composition changes include loss of muscle mass and increased body fat. This study aimed to investigate sex differences in the impact of sarcopenia, defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), on obesity in Korean older adults. METHODS In this 2-year longitudinal study, 3014 participants were excluded based on AWGS sarcopenia parameters (if any one of the sarcopenic parameter criteria was satisfied), including low handgrip strength (HGS), low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), and low short physical performance battery (SPPB). A total of 926 non-sarcopenic participants were recruited for the study. The obese and non-obese groups were compared according to the sarcopenia parameters. The following variables were selected for obesity analysis: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body fat percentage. Unadjusted and fully adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed for each variable to predict sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity according to sex. RESULTS Among the sarcopenia parameters, reduction in ASMI was significantly lower in the obese group with high WC and percentage of body fat (PBF) in both men and women (P < 0.01). Multivariable analysis revealed that different obesity parameters were associated with AWGS criteria: women in the high BMI group presented significantly lower ASMI and sarcopenia (ASMI, OR = 0.289, 95% CI = 0.174-0.480; sarcopenia, OR = 0.152, 95% CI = 0.048-0.483). Women in the high WC group had significantly lower ASMI and sarcopenia (ASMI, OR = 0.307, 95% CI = 0.189-0.500; sarcopenia, OR = 0.262, 95% CI = 0.106-0.649). Women in the high PBF group had a lower incidence of sarcopenia (OR = 0.214, 95% CI = 0.068-0.278). CONCLUSIONS Our study identified that high BMI had a protective effect on the reduction of muscle mass in men and women. However, obesity parameters including BMI, WC, and PBF were positively correlated with a lower incidence of sarcopenia only in women. Obesity in older women may have a protective effect in reducing ASMI and the incidence of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Chul Yoo
- grid.411231.40000 0001 0357 1464Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea ,grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Won Won
- grid.411231.40000 0001 0357 1464Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447 South Korea
| | - Yunsoo Soh
- grid.411231.40000 0001 0357 1464Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
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Chair stand test as a proxy for physical performance and muscle strength in sarcopenia diagnosis: the Korean frailty and aging cohort study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:2449-2456. [PMID: 35918606 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 5-times chair stand test (5CST) is a proxy tool for measuring physical performance and muscle strength in diagnosing sarcopenia. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 guidelines recommends the 5CST for evaluating gait speed, whereas the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People guidelines recommend the chair stand test as a proxy for muscle strength. AIMS This study sought to determine whether the chair stand test correlates with handgrip strength and gait speed, and investigate sex differences in these relationships. METHODS We used data collected from 1416 participants (678 men and 738 women) in the 2017 Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS). RESULTS The 5CST time had a higher correlation with gait speed (r = - 0.470) than handgrip strength (r = - 0.309). In addition, 5CST time predicted low gait speed (area under the curve [AUC] 0.727) better than low handgrip strength (AUC 0.641). The optimal cutoff values of the 5CST to estimate low gait speed were 10 s for men (sensitivity 62%, specificity 64%) and 11 s for women (sensitivity 68%, specificity 67%). The optimal cutoff values of the 5CST for low handgrip strength were the same as those for low gait speed (10 s for men and 11 s for women). CONCLUSIONS The 5-times chair stand test fits with gait speed and handgrip strength but seems to be a better proxy of gait speed than handgrip strength. The optimal cutoff values of the 5CST to estimate low gait speed and low handgrip strength were lower in men than women. Although none of the AWGS 2019 or EWGSOP guidelines present sex-specific cutoffs for the 5CST, it needs to be considered in the next guidelines.
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Kim M, Oh JH, Won CW. Sex-Specific Differences in Lower Body Fat Distribution and Association with Physical Performance among Healthy Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074201. [PMID: 35409882 PMCID: PMC8998698 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to examine sex-specific differences in body composition and lower extremity fat distribution and their association with physical performance among healthy older adults. The pilot study comprises 40 subjects (20 men and 20 women) matched by age and body mass index. The participants undergo dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, magnetic resonance imaging, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to assess body composition and lower extremity fat distribution. 1H-MRS is used to measure the extramyocellular lipid (EMCL) and intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) contents of the lower leg muscles (soleus and tibialis anterior) at the maximum circumference of the calf after overnight fasting. The tibialis anterior IMCL, as assessed by 1H-MRS, is negatively associated with the five-times sit-to-stand test scores (rs = 0.518, p = 0.023) in men, while the soleus IMCL content is negatively associated with the timed up-and-go test scores (rs = 0.472, p = 0.048) in women. However, the soleus EMCL content is positively associated with the five-times sit-to-stand test scores (rs = −0.488, p = 0.040) in women, but this association is not statistically significant in men. This study shows an inverse correlation between IMCL content and physical performance in healthy older individuals and lower leg muscle-specific IMCL based on sex differences. Furthermore, our results suggest that greater EMCL content in the soleus and calf subcutaneous fat might affect physical performance positively in women but not men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, College of Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (C.W.W.); Tel.: +82-2-958-2840 (M.K.); +82-2-958-8700 (C.W.W.)
| | - Jang-Hoon Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Chang Won Won
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (C.W.W.); Tel.: +82-2-958-2840 (M.K.); +82-2-958-8700 (C.W.W.)
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Arroyo P, Esparza-Aguilar M, Martín-Martín V, Gomez-Verjan JC, Parra-Rodríguez L, Cadena-Trejo C, Salazar-Pérez C, Gutiérrez-Robledo LM. Physical capability in a rural birth cohort at the age of 52: association with early environmental, nutritional, and developmental factors. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:113. [PMID: 35144547 PMCID: PMC8832669 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-02801-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Midlife physical capability (PC) is associated with developmental factors in the populations of economically developed countries. As far as we know, there is no information for rural populations of low- and middle-income countries. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of pre- and postnatal factors on midlife objective measures of PC in a 1966–67 birth cohort from a Mexican rural community. The hypothesis was that adverse developmental conditions are associated with low midlife PC. Methods In 1966–67, a birth cohort of all children from a poor Mexican rural community was assembled. Data on family socioeconomic status (SES), parental health and nutritional status, birth weight, postnatal growth and feeding patterns were registered. In 2018, out of the 336 cohort members, 118 were living in the community, and eighty-two of them underwent a comprehensive clinical evaluation. The evaluation included grip strength, gait velocity and chair-stand PC tests. In multivariable linear models, PC tests were the dependent variables, and prenatal, birth and postnatal factors were the independent variables. Adjustment for confounding was made with adult anthropometric, body composition, clinical and ageing status variables. Results Independent of adult health status and other ageing indicators, lower PC was associated with family organization and SES, parental nutritional status, birth weight, infant postnatal growth velocity, and weaning time. These results indicate that adverse family and environmental conditions that are prevalent in poor rural communities are associated with low midlife PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Arroyo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Direction of Research, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Blvd. Adolfo Ruiz Cortines No. 2767, Col. San Jerónimo Lídice, Alcaldía La Magdalena Contreras. Distrito Federal, CP. 10200, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Marcelino Esparza-Aguilar
- Research Unit of Epidemiology, Direction of Research, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700, Letra C, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C.P. 04530, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Verónica Martín-Martín
- Research Unit of Epidemiology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700, Letra C, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C.P. 04530, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Juan Carlos Gomez-Verjan
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Col. San Jerónimo Lídice, Alcaldía La Magdalena Contreras. Distrito Federal, Blvd. Adolfo Ruiz Cortines No. 2767, CP. 10200, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Lorena Parra-Rodríguez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Gerontechnology. Direction of Research, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Blvd. Adolfo Ruiz Cortines No. 2767, Col. San Jerónimo Lídice, Alcaldía La Magdalena Contreras. Distrito Federal, CP. 10200, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cinthya Cadena-Trejo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Direction of Research, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Blvd. Adolfo Ruiz Cortines No. 2767, Col. San Jerónimo Lídice, Alcaldía La Magdalena Contreras. Distrito Federal, CP. 10200, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cecilia Salazar-Pérez
- Clinical Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Insurgentes Sur 3700, Letra C, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C.P. 04530, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luis Miguel Gutiérrez-Robledo
- Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Blvd. Adolfo Ruiz Cortines No. 2767, Col. San Jerónimo Lídice, Alcaldía La Magdalena Contreras. Distrito Federal, CP. 10200, Ciudad de México, México
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Kim YI, Ryu JS, Kim JK, Al-Dhafer BAA, Shin YH. Quantitative bone single-photon emission CT/CT parameters reflect pain and functional status of symptomatic basal joint arthritis of the thumb. Bone Joint J 2021; 103-B:1380-1385. [PMID: 34334043 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.103b8.bjj-2020-1826.r3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to assess arthritis of the basal joint of the thumb quantitatively using bone single-photon emission CT/CT (SPECT/CT) and evaluate its relationship with patients' pain and function. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 30 patients (53 hands) with symptomatic basal joint arthritis of the thumb between April 2019 and March 2020. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for pain, grip strength, and pinch power of both hands and Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation (PRWHE) scores were recorded for all patients. Basal joint arthritis was classified according to the modified Eaton-Glickel stage using routine radiographs and the CT scans of SPECT/CT, respectively. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) from SPECT/CT was measured in the four peritrapezial joints and the highest uptake was used for analysis. RESULTS According to Eaton-Glickel classification, 11, 17, 17, and eight hands were stage 0 to I, II, III, and IV, respectively. The interobserver reliability for determining the stage of arthritis was moderate for radiographs (k = 0.41) and substantial for CT scans (k = 0.67). In a binary categorical analysis using SUVmax, pain (p < 0.001) and PRWHE scores (p = 0.004) were significantly higher in hands with higher SUVmax. Using multivariate linear regression to estimate the pain VAS, only SUVmax (B 0.172 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.065 to 0.279; p = 0.002) showed a significant association. Estimating the variation of PRWHE scores using the same model, only SUVmax (B 1.378 (95% CI, 0.082 to 2.674); p = 0.038) showed a significant association. CONCLUSION The CT scans of SPECT/CT provided better interobserver reliability than routine radiographs for evaluating the severity of arthritis. A higher SUVmax in SPECT/CT was associated with more pain and functional disabilities of basal joint arthritis of the thumb. This approach could be used to complement radiographs for the evaluation of patients with this condition. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(8):1380-1385.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Sook Ryu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Young Ho Shin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Seo Y, Kim M, Shin H, Won C. Perceived Neighborhood Environment Associated with Sarcopenia in Urban-Dwelling Older Adults: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6292. [PMID: 34200703 PMCID: PMC8296063 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is associated with adverse health outcomes among older individuals. However, little is known about its association with neighborhood environmental factors. We explored the relationship between sarcopenia and perceived neighborhood environmental factors among community-dwelling older adults aged 70-84 years. We analyzed 1778 participants (mean age of 75.9 ± 3.8 years; 54.0% women) who lived in urban areas and underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 definition. Perceived neighborhood environmental factors were assessed using the Environmental Module of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-E). In the multivariate analysis, compared to the fifth quintile of the IPAQ-E score, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for sarcopenia in the first, second, third, and fourth quintiles were 2.13 (1.40-3.24), 1.72 (1.12-2.64), 1.75 (1.15-2.66), and 1.62 (1.06-2.47), respectively. These neighborhood environmental characteristics were linked with an increased likelihood of sarcopenia: no public transportation access (OR = 2.04; 95% CI = 1.19-3.48), poor recreational facilities access (OR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.01-1.90), absence of destination (OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.06-2.20), many hill hazards (OR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.03-1.78), and lack of traffic safety (OR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.02-1.78). Thus, better neighborhood environmental strategies may help prevent sarcopenia among urban-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Seo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Miji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, East-West Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Hyungeun Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Changwon Won
- Elderly Frailty Research Center, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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Shim J, Yoo HJ. Effects of Handgrip Strength on 10-Year Cardiovascular Risk among the Korean Middle-Aged Population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8040458. [PMID: 33158168 PMCID: PMC7712900 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Handgrip strength is a simple, inexpensive health status indicator and can be used to assess mortality rate and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study used data from the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014) to determine the effective use of handgrip strength to predict CVD risk. We analyzed data from 2427 adults aged from 40 to 64 years without CVD at baseline. Relative handgrip strength was calculated as the sum of the maximal absolute handgrip strength of both hands divided by body mass index, and the 10-year risk of CVD was calculated using the Framingham risk score. We performed logistic regression analysis to assess the association between handgrip strength and 10-year CVD risk. Results showed that CVD risk increased with age (95% CI: 1.19–1.33, p < 0.001). Men were 38.05 times more likely to develop CVD than women (95% CI: 15.80–91.58, p < 0.001). Every increase by 1 in handgrip strength reduced the 10-year CVD risk by 1.76 times (95% CI: 1.58–3.71, p < 0.001), and when waist-to-height ratio was <0.50, the CVD risk decreased by 3.3 times (95% CI: 0.16–0.56, p < 0.001). Developing specific modifications and improving lifestyle habits that could lead to increased handgrip strength and reduced obesity, which could prevent CVD, is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaeLan Shim
- Department of Nursing Gyeongju, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea;
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- Department of Nursing, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3010-4741
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Gąsior JS, Pawłowski M, Jeleń PJ, Rameckers EA, Williams CA, Makuch R, Werner B. Test-Retest Reliability of Handgrip Strength Measurement in Children and Preadolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218026. [PMID: 33142693 PMCID: PMC7663254 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The reliability of handgrip strength (HGS) measurement has been confirmed in adults but has been sparsely addressed in pediatric populations. The aims of this study are twofold: to determine whether sex, age and/or hand-dominance influence the test–retest differences and to establish the reliability level of the HGS measurement in typical developing pediatric participants. A total of 338 participants aged 7–13 years were tested using a digital handgrip strength (HGS) dynamometer (Jamar Plus+ Dynamometer) by the same rater on two testing trials separated by a one-day interval between sessions. The HGS testing was conducted according to the American Society of Hand Therapists recommendations. Relative and absolute reliability statistics were calculated. Age influenced the test–retest difference of the HGS measurement as children compared to preadolescents had lower intraclass correlation coefficients (0.95 vs. 0.98), standard error of measurement (SEM) (0.74 vs. 0.78 kg), smallest detectable difference (SDD) (2.05 vs. 2.16 kg) and higher values of the percentage value of SEM (5.48 vs. 3.44%), normalized SDD (15.52 vs. 9.61%) and a mean difference between the test and retest values (0.50 vs. 0.02 kg) for the dominant hand. The results indicate that the protocol using the Jamar digital handgrip dynamometer is a reliable instrument to measure HGS in participants aged 7–13 years with typical development. Clinicians and researchers therefore can have confidence in determining the minimally clinical effect for HGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub S. Gąsior
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +48-793199222
| | - Mariusz Pawłowski
- Cardiology Clinic of Physiotherapy Division of the 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Bielanski Hospital, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr J. Jeleń
- Department of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Eugene A. Rameckers
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Department of Pediatric Physical Therapy, University for Professionals, AVANSplus, 4818 CP Breda, The Netherlands
- Adelante Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology, 6432 CC Hoensbroek, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Science, Pediatric Rehabilitation, Hasselt University, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Craig A. Williams
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, St Luke’s Campus, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK;
| | - Robert Makuch
- Department of Physical Education, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600 Radom, Poland;
| | - Bożena Werner
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
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Jeong E, Kim M, Won CW. Effects of posture, side and dominant hand on calf circumference measurement in community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20:822-827. [PMID: 32716604 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Calf circumference (CC) measurement has been used for assessing skeletal muscle mass and for screening sarcopenia. However, there is no gold standard method for CC assessment. METHODS We analyzed 1439 participants (mean age 75.9 ± 3.8 years, 47.7% men) from the 2017 baseline survey of the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. CC was measured, using a tape, on both sides in standing and sitting positions. For sarcopenia, the diagnostic criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 was used. RESULTS The mean of CC on the left side (Lt.CC) was smaller than that on the right side (Rt.CC) in standing (Rt.CC 33.82 cm, Lt.CC 33.76 cm, P = 0.006) and sitting (Rt.CC 34.29 cm, Lt.CC 34.21 cm, P = 0.005) positions. The Lt.CC of right-handers, regardless of posture, was smaller than Rt.CC (standing: Rt.CC 33.83 cm, Lt.CC 33.76 cm, P = 0.006; sitting: Rt.CC 34.28 cm, Lt.CC 34.21 cm, P = 0.006). The Lt.CC of left-handers was non-significantly smaller than Rt.CC (standing: Rt.CC 33.77 cm, Lt.CC 33.75 cm, P = 0.896; sitting: Rt.CC 34.35 cm, Lt.CC 34.28 cm, P = 0.527). In the results of receiver operating characteristic analysis of CC for diagnosing sarcopenia based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019, Rt.CC in the standing posture showed the largest area under the curve (standing: Rt.CC 0.716, Lt.CC 0.714; sitting: Rt.CC 0.707, Lt.CC 0.703). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that CC measurement on either side in the standing posture, regardless of the dominant hand, can be used as an optimal method for screening sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 822-827.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Jeong
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Miji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, College of Medicine/East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Won Won
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Elderly Frailty Research Center, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Kim SY, Lee JS, Kim YH. Handgrip Strength and Current Smoking Are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk in Korean Adolescents: A Population-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17145021. [PMID: 32668646 PMCID: PMC7400210 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the independent association of handgrip strength and current smoking with cardiometabolic risk in adolescents. Data of 1806 adolescents (12–18 years) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were analyzed by complex samples logistic regression analyses. Handgrip strength was normalized by body weight into relative handgrip strength. A cardiometabolic risk index score was calculated from the z-scores of the following components: waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and blood pressure. Relative handgrip strength showed an inverse association with high cardiometabolic risk, with an adjusted odds ratio of 8.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.7–19.3) for boys and 5.7 (95% CI, 2.9–11.2) for girls on comparing the lowest and the highest age-and sex-specific quartiles of relative handgrip strength. The adjusted odds ratios for high cardiometabolic risk on comparing the second quartile and the highest quartile of relative handgrip strength were 3.9 (95% CI, 1.7–8.9) in boys and 2.6 (95% CI, 1.3–5.3) in girls. Current smoking was independently associated with high cardiometabolic risk in boys aged 15–18 years. These findings suggest the need to increase muscle strength in adolescents and reduce smoking in older boys to promote cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Yun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Jung Soo Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Yeo Hyung Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-820-3172
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Sarcopenia in Korean Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 70 Years and Older: Application of Screening and Diagnostic Tools From the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 Update. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 21:752-758. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Lee SH, Gong HS. Measurement and Interpretation of Handgrip Strength for Research on Sarcopenia and Osteoporosis. J Bone Metab 2020; 27:85-96. [PMID: 32572369 PMCID: PMC7297622 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2020.27.2.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Handgrip strength (HGS) is associated with several chronic diseases, cognitive decline, length of hospital-stay, and mortality. More importantly, HGS is one of the diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia and gaining attention because of its relevance to bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporotic fractures. As the measurement of HGS is widely used in clinical practice as well as in research, its accurate measurement and interpretation are becoming more crucial. This review describes how to use different types of dynamometers accurately, the impact of body and arm positions and anthropometric parameters on HGS, the current reference values of HGS for sarcopenia research, and the updates on the relationship between HGS and BMD and osteoporotic fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hoo Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Regional Rheumatoid and Degenerative Arthritis Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Gong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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