• MRI
• breath hold
• children
• design
• imaging
• magnetic resonance imaging
• patient experience
• patient guidance
• pediatrics
• radiology
• usability

• Claustrophobia
• Depression
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Parkinson's disease
• Psychological nursing

• 3 T
• Dental implants
• MRI
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Maxillary sinus graft
• Sinus floor augmentation

• Humans
• Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods
• Sinus Floor Augmentation/methods
• Maxillary Sinus/diagnostic imaging
• Maxillary Sinus/surgery
• Pilot Projects
• Reproducibility of Results
• Bone Transplantation/methods
• Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Dental Implants
• Maxilla/surgery

• Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE) (5411)

• Brain tumor
• Interval scans
• MRI scans
• Patient experience
• Qualitative interviews

• Humans
• Adult
• Anxiety/therapy
• Anxiety Disorders
• Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging

Background: Due to its common association with chronic pain experience, cognitive impairment (CI) has never been evaluated in patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS). The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of CI in patients with BMS and to evaluate its relationship with potential predictors such as pain, mood disorders, blood biomarkers, and white matter changes (WMCs).

Methods: A case-control study was conducted by enrolling 40 patients with BMS and an equal number of healthy controls matched for age, gender, and education. Neurocognitive assessment [Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Digit Cancellation Test (DCT), the Forward and Backward Digit Span task (FDS and BDS), Corsi Block-Tapping Test (CB-TT), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Copying Geometric Drawings (CGD), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and Trail Making A and B (TMT-A and TMT-B)], psychological assessment [Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and Anxiety (HAM-D and HAM-A), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36)], and pain assessment [Visual Analogic Scale (VAS), Total Pain Rating index (T-PRI), Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), and Pain DETECT Questionnaire (PD-Q)] were performed. In addition, blood biomarkers and MRI of the brain were recorded for the detection of Age-Related WMCs (ARWMCs). Descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U-test, the Pearson Chi-Squared test and Spearman's correlation analysis were used.

Results: Patients with BMS had impairments in most cognitive domains compared with controls (p < 0.001^**) except in RAVLT and CGD. The HAM-D, HAM-A, PSQI, ESS, SF-36, VAS, T-PRI, BPI and PD-Q scores were statistically different between BMS patients and controls (p < 0.001^**) the WMCs frequency and ARWMC scores in the right temporal (RT) and left temporal (LT) lobe were higher in patients with BMS (p = 0.023^*).

Conclusions: Meanwhile, BMS is associated with a higher decline in cognitive functions, particularly attention, working memory, and executive functions, but other functions such as praxis-constructive skills and verbal memory are preserved. The early identification of CI and associated factors may help clinicians to identify patients at risk of developing time-based neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD), for planning the early, comprehensive, and multidisciplinary assessment and treatment.

• burning mouth syndrome
• mild cognitive impairment
• mini mental
• mood disorders
• trail making

• brain
• chronic pain
• fibromyalgia
• human
• neuroimaging
• pain

• glioblastoma
• glioma
• high grade glioma
• interval imaging
• magnetic resonance imaging
• meningioma
• monitoring biomarker
• utility

• 16/114/18 Department of Health
• 203148/Z/16/Z Wellcome Trust

Background: Inhomogeneous Magnetization Transfer (ihMT) is an emerging, uniquely myelin-specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast. Current ihMT acquisitions utilise fast Gradient Echo sequences which are among the most acoustically noisy MRI sequences, reducing patient comfort during acquisition. We sought to address this by modifying a near silent MRI sequence to include ihMT contrast.

Methods: A Magnetization Transfer preparation module was incorporated into a radial Zero Echo-Time sequence. Repeatability of the ihMT ratio and inverse ihMT ratio were assessed in a cohort of healthy subjects. We also investigated how head orientation affects ihMT across subjects, as a previous study in a single subject suggests this as a potential confound.

Results: We demonstrated that ihMT ratios comparable to existing, acoustically loud, implementations could be obtained with the silent sequence. We observed a small but significant effect of head orientation on inverse ihMTR.

Conclusions: Silent ihMT imaging is a comparable alternative to conventional, noisy, alternatives. For all future ihMT studies we recommend careful positioning of the subject within the scanner.

• Myelin
• RUFIS
• Silent MRI
• ZTE
• ihMT

• Myelin
• RUFIS
• Silent MRI
• ZTE
• ihMT

• COLONIC NEOPLASMS
• COST–BENEFIT ANALYSIS
• LUNG NEOPLASMS
• MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
• PROSPECTIVE STUDIES
• SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY
• TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
• WHOLE-BODY IMAGING

• Aged
• Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnostic imaging
• Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
• Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
• England
• Female
• Humans
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Neoplasm Staging/classification
• Positron-Emission Tomography
• Prospective Studies
• Sensitivity and Specificity
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed
• Whole Body Imaging

• 10/68/01 Department of Health
• 16463 Cancer Research UK

• Outpatient
• clinic
• diagnostic arthroscopy
• needle arthroscopy

To evaluate perceived patient burden and acceptability of whole body MRI (WB-MRI) compared to standard staging investigations, and identify predictors of reduced tolerance.

Patients recruited to multicentre trials comparing WB-MRI with standard staging scans for lung and colorectal cancer were invited to complete two questionnaires: a baseline questionnaire at recruitment, measuring demographics, comorbidities, and distress; and a follow-up questionnaire after staging, measuring recovery time, comparative acceptability/satisfaction between WB-MRI and CT (colorectal cancer) and PET-CT (lung cancer), and perceived scan burden (scored 1, low; 7, high). 

115 patients (median age 66.3 years; 67 males) completed follow up and 103 baseline questionnaires. 69 (63.9%) reported “immediate” recovery from WB-MRI and 73 (65.2%) judged it “very acceptable”. Perceived WB-MRI burden was greater than for CT (p < 0.001) and PET-CT (p < 0.001). High distress and comorbidities were associated with greater WB-MRI burden in adjusted analyses, with deprivation only approaching significance (adjusted regression β = 0.223, p = 0.025; β = 0.191, p = 0.048; β = −0.186, p = 0.059 respectively). Age (p = 0.535), gender (p = 0.389), ethnicity (p = 0.081) and cancer type (p = 0.201) were not predictive of WB-MRI burden.

 WB-MRI is marginally less acceptable and more burdensome than standard scans, particularly for patients with pre-existing distress and comorbidities. 

This research shows that WB-MRI scan burden, although low, is higher than for current staging modalities among patients with suspected colorectal or lung cancer. Psychological and physical comorbidities adversely impact on patient experience of WB-MRI. Patients with high distress or comorbid illness may need additional support to undergo a WB-MRI.

• cancer oncology neoplasms magnetic resonance imaging patient satisfaction

• Adaptation, Psychological
• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• England
• Female
• Humans
• Interviews as Topic
• Lung/pathology
• Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging/psychology
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Neoplasm Staging
• Qualitative Research
• Whole Body Imaging

• Wellcome Trust
• 10/68/01 Department of Health
• 15953 Cancer Research UK
• EME/13/122/01 Department of Health
• Health Technology Assessment Programme

• neuromodulation
• neurophysiology
• transcranial direct current stimulation
• transcranial magnetic stimulation
• variability

• Adult
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Motor Cortex/physiology
• Neuronal Plasticity
• Random Allocation
• Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation/adverse effects

• Clinical surveillance
• magnetic resonance imaging
• quality of life

Pattern classification of human brain activity provides unique insight into the neural underpinnings of diverse mental states. These multivariate tools have recently been used within the field of affective neuroscience to classify distributed patterns of brain activation evoked during emotion induction procedures. Here we assess whether neural models developed to discriminate among distinct emotion categories exhibit predictive validity in the absence of exteroceptive emotional stimulation. In two experiments, we show that spontaneous fluctuations in human resting-state brain activity can be decoded into categories of experience delineating unique emotional states that exhibit spatiotemporal coherence, covary with individual differences in mood and personality traits, and predict on-line, self-reported feelings. These findings validate objective, brain-based models of emotion and show how emotional states dynamically emerge from the activity of separable neural systems.

Functional brain imaging techniques provide a window into neural activity underpinning diverse cognitive processes, including visual perception, decision-making, and memory, among many others. By treating functional imaging data as a pattern-recognition problem, similar to face- or character-recognition, researchers have successfully identified patterns of brain activity that predict specific mental states; for example, the kind of an object being viewed. Moreover, these methods are capable of predicting mental states in the absence of external stimulation. For example, pattern-classifiers trained on brain responses to visual stimuli can successfully predict the contents of imagery during sleep. This research shows that internally mediated brain activity can be used to infer subjective mental states; however, it is not known whether more complex emotional mental states can be decoded from neuroimaging data in the absence of experimental manipulations. Here we show that brain-based models of specific emotions can detect individual differences in mood and emotional traits and are consistent with self-reports of emotional experience during intermittent periods of wakeful rest. These findings show that the brain dynamically fluctuates among multiple distinct emotional states at rest. More practically, the results suggest that brain-based models of emotion may help assess emotional status in clinical settings, particularly in individuals incapable of providing self-report of their own emotional experience.

• Affect/physiology
• Brain/physiology
• Brain Mapping
• Emotions/physiology
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Personality
• Rest/physiology
• Young Adult

• R01 AG049789 NIA NIH HHS
• R01 DA033369 NIDA NIH HHS
• R21 MH098149 NIMH NIH HHS