Cross-reactivity between aeroallergens and food allergens

Table 1 Important allergen components families involved in cross-reactivity between aeroallergens and food allergens[9,11,12,20]

Allergen components families(sensitivity to heat and proteases)	Examples of relevant allergen components involved (allergen sources)
PR-10 proteins, Bet v 1 homologues (sensitive to heat and digestion)	Bet v 1, Aln g 1 (tree pollen) Mal d 1, Pru p 1, Api g 1, Gly m4 (fruits, vegetables, legumes)
Profilins, Bet v 2 homologues (sensitive to heat and digestion)	Bet v 2, Ole e 2 (tree pollen), Che a 2, Art v 4, Amb a 8 (weed pollen) Api g 4, Dau c 4, Pru p 4, Cuc m 2, Mus xp 1, Sin a 4 (vegetables, fruits, seeds)
Lipid transfer proteins (stable to heat and digestion)	Pla a 3, Ole e 7, Art v 3, Amb a 6 (tree and weed pollen) Api g 2, Pru p 3, Cuc m LTP, Mus a 3, Sin a 3 (vegetables, fruits, seeds)
Tropomyosins (stable to heat and digestion)	Der p 10, Bla g 7 (house dust mites, insects) Pen m 1, Myt e 1 (crustaceans, mollusks)
Serum albumins (fairly sensitive to heat and digestion)	Fel d 2, Can f 3, Equ c 3 (cat, dog and horse serum albumins) Bos d 6, Sus s 6 (bovine and porcine serum albumins)

Table 2 Significant syndromes and associations due to cross-reactivity between aeroallergens and food allergens of plant origin[9,11]

Syndrome or association (sensitivity to heat and proteases)	Relevant allergen components involved (allergen sources)
Birch-apple syndrome	Bet v 1 homologue Mal d 1
Cypress-peach syndrome	Pru p 3 non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP)
Celery-mugwort-spice syndrome	Art v 4 profilin, Art v 60 kDa homologue to Api g 5
Mugwort-peach association	Art v 4 profilin, Art v 3 LTP
Mugwort-chamomile association	Art v 1 defensin (possible candidate)
Mugwort-mustard syndrome	Art v 3 LTP, Art v 4 profilin, Art v 60 kDa (possible candidates)
Ragweed-melon-banana association	Amb a 6 LTP, Amb a 8 profilin (possible candidates)
Goosefoot-melon association	Che a 2 profilin (possible candidate)

LTP: Lipid transfer protein.

Table 3 Examples of syndromes due to cross-reactivity between aeroallergens of animal and fungal origin and food allergens[9,11]

Syndrome or association	Relevant allergen components involved
Alternaria-spinach syndrome	Al t a 1
Mite-shrimp syndrome	Der p 10 tropomyosin
Cat-pork syndrome	Fel d 2 cat serum albumin
Bird-egg syndrome	Gal d 5 alpha-livetin (chicken serum albumin)