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Mikayama S, Tomonaga R, Jiang Y, Yamato H. Effects of Social Networking Service-Based Exercise Therapy on Reducing Nonspecific Low Back Pain and Improving Productivity in Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Occup Environ Med 2025; 67:e365-e371. [PMID: 39971914 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000003351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of exercise therapy using social networking services (SNSs) to reduce nonspecific low back pain (NLBP) among healthcare and transportation workers. METHODS A total of 40 participants, 20 in the control group and 20 in the intervention group, were enrolled in the study. The intervention group received exercise therapy after answering questions regarding NLBP and classifying it into seven categories. The intervention group was asked to perform therapeutic 15-minute exercises suitable for each type of NLBP, as demonstrated by a physical therapist, the first author of this article, through YouTube, three times a week for 8 weeks. RESULTS The results revealed that the SNS-based exercise therapy was significantly effective in reducing NLBP ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Exercise therapy utilizing SNS effectively improved NLBP among healthcare and transportation workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirou Mikayama
- From the Department of Rehabilitation, Tobata Rehabilitation Hospital, Kitakyusyu, Japan (S.M.); and Department of Health Development, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyusyu, Japan (R.T., J.Y., H.Y.)
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Yu T, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Zhong J, Ding C. The impact of core training on overall athletic performance in different sports: a comprehensive meta-analysis. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2025; 17:112. [PMID: 40319291 PMCID: PMC12048976 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-025-01159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2025] [Indexed: 05/07/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Despite widespread implementation of core training in athletic preparation, evidence regarding its effectiveness across different sports and performance domains remains fragmented. This meta-analysis examined the effects of core training on athletic performance across multiple sports, addressing limitations of previous analyses that focused on single sports or limited performance measures. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review across five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Google Scholar). We assessed methodological quality using the PEDro scale and risk of bias using the Cochrane tool. Eligibility criteria included randomized controlled trials published between 2014-2024 involving healthy athletes aged 15-25 years, with core training as the primary intervention. RESULTS From an initial 1,670 records identified, 29 studies met rigorous inclusion criteria, comprising 956 athletes aged 15-23 years. Core training demonstrated significant improvements in general athletic performance (SMD = 1.38, 95% CI [0.85, 1.82], p < 0.001), with notably strong effects on core endurance (SMD = 1.32, 95% CI [0.57, 2.08], p < 0.004) and balance (SMD = 0.99, 95% CI [0.29, 1.69], p = 0.01). Core training revealed a moderate but insignificant effects on sport-specific performance (SMD = 0.62, 95% CI [-0.08, 1.31], p = 0.084). The analysis revealed non-significant effects sport-specific outcomes: speed (SMD = -0.28 [-0.86, 0.31], p = 0.28); maximal strength (SMD = 7.57 [-7.75, 22.89], p = 0.27); flexibility (SMD = 0.48 [-0.76, 1.73], p = 0.3); change of direction (SMD = 0.10 [-0.56, 0.76], p = 0.69); technical skill performance (SMD = 0.71 [-4.38, 5.81], p = 0.75); throwing velocity/distance (SMD = 1.52 [-0.43, 3.48], p = 0.1) and vertical jump height (SMD = 0.90 [-0.23, 2.03], p = 0.1). The high heterogeneity across outcomes (I2 = 37-100%) indicates that training responses vary substantially depending on competitive level, intervention duration, and sport-specific contexts, suggesting the need for carefully tailored core training approaches. CONCLUSION This analysis demonstrates that core training effectively improves foundational athletic qualities but shows variable effects on sport-specific performance measures. The findings suggest core training should be integrated with sport-specific training for optimal performance enhancement. Future research should address the high heterogeneity observed by implementing standardized protocols and examining long-term training effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongwu Yu
- Anhui Communications Vocational & Technical College, Baohe District, No. 114, Qingnian Road, Baohe District, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Yuxiong Xu
- Capital University of Physical Education And Sports, 11 North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zijian Zhang
- Capital University of Physical Education And Sports, 11 North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yongsheng Sun
- Capital University of Physical Education And Sports, 11 North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jinghui Zhong
- Capital University of Physical Education And Sports, 11 North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chuanwei Ding
- Capital University of Physical Education And Sports, 11 North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Azizmohammadi S, Seidi F, Zandi S. Effect of a lumbopelvic stability training program on lower extremity kinematic parameters in low back pain developers during single-leg squat. Phys Ther Sport 2025; 73:181-191. [PMID: 40288049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2025.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2025] [Accepted: 04/21/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Objective Altered movement patterns and lower extremity misalignment are key features in low back pain developers (LBPDs), leading to significant changes in functional movements such as squats. These changes may result in clinical low back pain (LBP) based on the kinesiopathology model. Core muscles are crucial for creating a stable platform for limb movement, but LBPDs typically have weak and poorly activated deep muscles, contributing to inefficient movement patterns. This study aims to assess the effect of a lumbopelvic stability program on lower extremity kinematics in LBPDs during single-leg squats (SLS). DESIGN Pre-post study. SETTING University dormitory gym. PARTICIPANTS Thirty female participants identified as LBPDs, divided into two groups of experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Kinematic variables, including hip and knee flexion and abduction, and ankle dorsiflexion and abduction (eversion), were measured during SLS using two-dimensional video analysis before and after the intervention. RESULTS Significant differences were found in hip flexion (F = 13.36, p = 0.001), hip abduction (F = 73.42, p = 0.001), knee flexion (F = 23.65, p = 0.001), and knee abduction (F = 13.37, p = 0.001) post-intervention. CONCLUSION A 6-week lumbopelvic stability program improved hip and knee kinematics in LBPDs, highlighting the importance of core stability in optimizing movement and potentially preventing future LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sama Azizmohammadi
- Department of Health and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foad Seidi
- Department of Health and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahrzad Zandi
- Department of Health and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Imashiro K, Nakanishi M, Minoshima Y, Kouda K, Sasaki S, Takahashi K, Asai K, Hirano T, Matsunaga K, Minakata Y. Different Properties of the Erector Spinae and Multifidus Muscles on Physical Performance in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2025; 20:1299-1308. [PMID: 40322200 PMCID: PMC12049135 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s513153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2025] [Accepted: 03/26/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Muscle atrophy in the dorsal muscle group (DMG) is associated with physical activity (PA) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, no studies have separately evaluated the erector spinae muscle (ESM) and the multifidus muscle (MM) within the DMG, leaving the distinct impact of each muscle on PA unclear. Purpose This study evaluated the differences in muscle characteristics between ESM and MM in stable patients with COPD. Patients and Methods In Study 1, we evaluated the relationship between the cross-sectional area of ESM (ESMCSA) and MM (MMCSA) on chest computed tomography and PA parameters. In Study 2, as a pilot study, we analyzed the muscle fatigue characteristics of ESM and MM using a trunk holding test and electromyographic (EMG) power spectrum analysis to evaluate the median frequency (MF) slope. We then evaluated the differences in the MF slopes of both muscles in patients with COPD compared with healthy subjects. Results Of 77 patients with COPD, the MMCSA was positively associated with the duration of PA at ≥3.0 metabolic equivalents (METs) (r=0.279, p=0.014), whereas the ESMCSA was negatively associated with the duration of behavior at 1.0-1.5 METs (r=-0.429, p<0.001). The MF slopes of the MM were significantly lower in COPD patients (n=7) than in healthy subjects (n=28) (p<0.01), indicating greater fatigue, with no significant differences in MF slopes for ESM or trunk extension holding time. Conclusion These results indicate that the functional characteristics of the ESM and MM differ in COPD patients. MM was mainly associated with moderate-to-vigorous PA and involved greater fatigue in COPD patients compared to healthy subjects, while the ESM was mainly associated with sedentary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Imashiro
- Division of Rehabilitation, Wakayama Medical University Hospital, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Masanori Nakanishi
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yuta Minoshima
- Division of Rehabilitation, Wakayama Medical University Hospital, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Ken Kouda
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Seigo Sasaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Wakayama Hospital, Hidaka-Gun, Wakayama, 644-0044, Japan
| | - Koichiro Takahashi
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, 840-0805, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Asai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tsunahiko Hirano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kazuto Matsunaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Minakata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Wakayama Hospital, Hidaka-Gun, Wakayama, 644-0044, Japan
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Prentice CLS, Flavell CA, Massy‐Westropp N, Milanese S. Exercise Prescription for Patients With Persistent Low Back Pain Who Present With Impaired Lateral Abdominal Muscle Activation: A Delphi Survey. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2025; 30:e70060. [PMID: 40227086 PMCID: PMC11995875 DOI: 10.1002/pri.70060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2025] [Accepted: 04/03/2025] [Indexed: 04/15/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Exercise is commonly prescribed for patients with low back pain (LBP) and maladaptive changes in lateral abdominal muscle (LAM) activation. The literature has considered various exercise programs, but the evidence has not consistently identified exercise parameters associated with superior outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine how physiotherapists should prescribe exercise for patients with persistent LBP who present with maladaptive LAM activation. METHODS This was a three round Delphi survey. The international expert panel comprised physiotherapy clinicians with postgraduate orthopaedic manipulative physiotherapy training. Round 1 included open ended questions. Responses were collated and coded using content analysis. In Rounds 2 and 3, participants were provided with the collated responses and rated their agreement with or chose their preferred options regarding exercise prescription for patients with maladaptive LAM activation. Items were defined as meeting consensus when ≥ 70% of participants agreed/disagreed or chose the same option. RESULTS Twenty-three physiotherapists consented to participate. Seventeen, 20 and 15 participants completed Rounds 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The exercise prescription suggestions consisted of 46 items reaching consensus across the domains of exercise: goals, considerations, agreement on prescribing exercise for the LAM and other muscles, muscle activation during exercise, the exercise prescription and its focus. DISCUSSION This study provides clinically informed recommendations for physiotherapists prescribing exercise for patients with persistent LBP and maladaptive LAM activation. Findings align with motor control exercise approaches outlined in the literature. Participants emphasised the consideration of patient preferences and balancing motor control exercise with moderate/vigorous physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carol Ann Flavell
- College of Healthcare SciencesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleAustralia
| | | | - Steve Milanese
- Department of Allied HealthSchool of Health SciencesSwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornAustralia
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Santos V, Casanova N, Marconcin P, Willig R, Vidal-Conti J, Soares D, Flôres F. Physical fitness as a predictor of reaction time in soccer-playing children. PLoS One 2025; 20:e0320147. [PMID: 40127060 PMCID: PMC11932477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0320147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2025] [Indexed: 03/26/2025] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between reaction time (RT) and physical fitness (PF) in soccer-playing children, focusing on core strength, agility, flexibility and power. A sample of 89 boys (8.7 ± 2.2 years) participated in this investigation were conveniently chosen in a Portuguese soccer team. All participants were players in a non-competitive level. Data on PF components were collected and analysed to explore their associations with RT. The results revealed negative correlations between abdominal strength, agility, and RT, suggesting that stronger core stability and higher agility contribute to faster RT. However, other components, such as upper limb strength, flexibility, and horizontal jump performance, showed no significant correlation with RT. These findings highlight the importance of focusing on core strength and agility in training programs to enhance RT and overall performance in youth soccer. The study underscores the need for age-appropriate training interventions promoting physical and cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Santos
- Insight: Piaget Research Center for Ecological Human Development, Piaget Institute, Almada, Portugal
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, University of Lisbon, 1495-751 Cruz Quebrada, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno Casanova
- Insight: Piaget Research Center for Ecological Human Development, Piaget Institute, Almada, Portugal
| | - Priscila Marconcin
- Insight: Piaget Research Center for Ecological Human Development, Piaget Institute, Almada, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
| | - Renata Willig
- Insight: Piaget Research Center for Ecological Human Development, Piaget Institute, Almada, Portugal
| | - Josep Vidal-Conti
- Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Research Group (GICAFE), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Institute for Educational Research and Innovation (IRIE), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
| | - Denise Soares
- Liberal Arts Department, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait
| | - Fábio Flôres
- Centro de Investigação em Educação e Psicologia (CIEP), Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Escola de Ciências Sociais, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
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Stifter S, McCaffrey J, Nichols T, Ozcan Edeer A, Ward J. Effect of external and internal cues on core muscle activation during the Sahrmann five-level core stability test. World J Methodol 2025; 15:92943. [PMID: 40115402 PMCID: PMC11525895 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v15.i1.92943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain in the back or pelvis or fear of back pain may affect the timing or co-contraction of the core muscles. In both static and dynamic movements, the Sahrmann core stability test provides an assessment of core muscle activation and a person's ability to stabilize the lumbopelvic complex. Preparatory cues and images can be used to increase the activation of these muscles. To attain optimal movement patterns, it will be necessary to determine what cueing will give the most effective results for core stability. AIM To investigate the effects of external and internal cues on core muscle activation during the Sahrmann five-level core stability test. METHODS Total 68 participants (21.83 ± 3.47 years) were randomly allocated to an external (n = 35) or internal cue group (n = 33). Participants performed the Sahrmann five-level core stability test without a cue as baseline and the five-level stability exercises with an internal or external cue. External cue group received a pressure biofeedback unit (PBU), and the internal cue group received an audio cue. A Delsys TrignoTM surface electromyography unit was used for muscle activation from the rectus abdominis, external oblique, and transverse abdominis/internal oblique muscles. RESULTS Linear mixed effects model analysis showed that cueing had a significant effect on core muscle activation (P = 0.001); however, there was no significant difference between cue types (internal or external) (P = 0.130). CONCLUSION Both external and internal cueing have significant effects on core muscle activation during the Sahrmann five-level core stability test and the PBU does not create higher muscle activation than internal cueing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skyla Stifter
- Physical Therapy, Dominican University New York, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
| | - Jessie McCaffrey
- Physical Therapy, Dominican University New York, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
| | - Tyler Nichols
- Physical Therapy, Dominican University New York, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
| | - Ayse Ozcan Edeer
- Physical Therapy, Dominican University New York, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
| | - Justine Ward
- Physical Therapy, Dominican University New York, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
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Short S, Short G, Lehman G, Friesen J, Johnson B. A Critical Review of Trunk and Hip Exercise Prescription: Applying Evidence for a Modern Approach. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2025; 20:448-475. [PMID: 40041532 PMCID: PMC11872577 DOI: 10.26603/001c.129972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2025] [Indexed: 03/06/2025] Open
Abstract
Exercise targeting the trunk and hip (core) musculature is common practice in rehabilitation and performance training. Historical underpinnings of core exercise focus on providing stability to the spine, thus improving the function of the spine and extremities, while instability has been postulated to result in pathology and impaired performance. Mechanistic studies on the topic are often conflicting and indeterminate, suggesting the theoretical underpinnings of targeted core exercise may be over assumed in common practice. The best modes of intervention also remain undefined, with combined methods having potential to optimize outcomes. This includes moving beyond isolated exercise camps and being inclusive of both targeted exercise and progressive multi-joint movements. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to describe the historical mechanisms of the stability-instability continuum and the role of exercise intervention. A spectrum of ideologies related to core exercise are examined, while appreciating positive outcomes of exercise interventions across healthy and pathological populations. Finally, exercise summaries were compiled to improve critical reasoning within current practice and inspire future investigations. Level of Evidence 5.
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Tomschi F, Zschunke A, Hilberg T. Ten Minutes of Core Stabilisation Exercise Result in Local Exercise-Induced Hypoalgesia in Patients With Chronic Unspecific Low Back Pain. Eur J Pain 2025; 29:e4794. [PMID: 39923121 PMCID: PMC11807238 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.4794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2025] [Accepted: 01/27/2025] [Indexed: 02/10/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Core stabilisation training is known to be effective in managing pain in patients suffering from chronic low back pain (CLBP). Yet, acute effects of core stabilisation exercise on exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) are largely unknown. This study aimed to examine the EIH effects of an easy-to-perform core stabilisation exercise in CLBP patients and to explore associations between EIH and potential influencing factors (i.e., physical activity, catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, subjective pain state and exercise exertion). METHODS Thirty patients with unspecific CLBP finished this randomised controlled crossover trial. Patients performed a 10-min isometric core stabilisation exercise and a 10-min control session. Before and after, pain sensitivity was measured via pressure pain thresholds [Newton/cm2] locally (low back; PPTlocal) and remotely (forehead, thumb; PPTremote). Correlation analyses were performed between EIH and influencing factors. RESULTS A 'Time' × 'Intervention' interaction (p < 0.001) was observed for PPTlocal with post hoc analysis revealing higher values post exercise (p < 0.001; pre: 56.6 ± 20.6, post: 67.5 ± 26.1). No differences were observed for the control session (p = 0.894; pre: 58.5 ± 24.0, post: 58.4 ± 23.3). No such effect was observed for PPTremote (p = 0.014). Post hoc analyses showed no differences following the exercise session (p = 0.103; pre: 41.3 ± 12.5, post: 42.5 ± 13.6), while lower PPTremote post values were observed post control compared to pre values (p = 0.031; 42.5 ± 14.5, post: 41.3 ± 13.7). The only significant moderate correlation was observed between ΔPPTlocal of the exercise session and catastrophizing with rho = -0.381. CONCLUSION A 10-min isometric core stabilisation exercise results in local lumbar EIH, while no systemic effects are observed. A higher degree of catastrophizing is associated with lower hypoalgesic responses. SIGNIFICANCE This study shows for the first time that a brief and easy-to-perform 10-min core stabilisation exercise produces significant local pain relief (EIH) in patients with unspecific CLBP. The effect is localised to the lumbar region, with no observed impact on remote sites. Higher pain catastrophizing seems to be linked to reduced hypoalgesic response. These findings support the use of short core stabilisation exercises as an effective, immediate, non-pharmacological pain management strategy for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Tomschi
- Department of Sports MedicineUniversity of WuppertalWuppertalGermany
| | - Andre Zschunke
- Department of Sports MedicineUniversity of WuppertalWuppertalGermany
| | - Thomas Hilberg
- Department of Sports MedicineUniversity of WuppertalWuppertalGermany
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Du S, Liu Z, Pan B. A Chinese Knowledge Graph Dataset in the Field of Scientific Fitness. Sci Data 2025; 12:205. [PMID: 39905013 PMCID: PMC11794866 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-025-04519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2025] [Indexed: 02/06/2025] Open
Abstract
To promote the development of scientific fitness research and practice, we propose the Chinese Knowledge Graph Dataset in the Field of Scientific Fitness (FitKG-CN). This knowledge graph contains over 10,000 fitness-related terms, categorized into eight main groups: body parts, items of exercise, fitness movement, equipment and tools, exercise goals, anatomical structures, nutrients, and technical terms. The construction of FitKG-CN is based on authoritative data sources, undergoing rigorous preprocessing, including noise removal, format standardization, and normalization of entities and relationships. The data is manually annotated on a professional platform and ultimately stored in a Neo4j graph database for visualization. Additionally, we trained a Chinese SpERT model using the manually annotated data to enhance the automation of data processing. The experimental results show that the model achieved an F1 score of 94.05% in entity recognition tasks and 82.00% in relation extraction tasks, validating the effectiveness of the model and improving the scalability of the dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Du
- School of Sports Engineering, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- China Sports Big Data Center, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhitong Liu
- School of Sports Engineering, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- China Sports Big Data Center, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingyu Pan
- School of Sports Engineering, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
- China Sports Big Data Center, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
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del Prado-Álvarez R, García-Arrabé M, González-de-la-Flor Á, de la Plaza San Frutos M, Almazán-Polo J, Estrada-Barranco C. Exploratory Ultrasound Analysis of the Diaphragm and Respiratory Capacity in Women with Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study. Methods Protoc 2025; 8:15. [PMID: 39997639 PMCID: PMC11858394 DOI: 10.3390/mps8010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2025] [Revised: 01/29/2025] [Accepted: 02/02/2025] [Indexed: 02/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common gynecological condition characterized by menstrual pain without underlying pelvic pathology. It has been linked to functional and structural changes in the core musculature, but limited evidence exists regarding its association with diaphragmatic and respiratory mechanics. This study aimed to elaborate on these potential associations by assessing the diaphragmatic structure and respiratory function in women with PD compared to healthy controls, utilizing ultrasound imaging, spirometry and respiratory pressure measurements. METHODS An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 44 female participants (22 with PD and 22 healthy controls). Diaphragmatic structure was evaluated through ultrasound, measuring the intercostal distance, diaphragmatic thickness, and diaphragmatic excursion at rest and during maximum voluntary contraction. Spirometric assessments included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), and the FVC/FEV1 ratio, along with measurements of maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP). Group differences were analyzed using Student's t-test and effect sizes were reported with Cohen's d. RESULTS No significant differences were observed between the groups in diaphragmatic thickness, diaphragmatic excursion, or global respiratory capacity (p > 0.05). However, women with PD presented a significant reduction in the left intercostal distance both at rest (p = 0.035, d = 0.56) and during contraction (p = 0.039, d = 0.54). No other significant group differences were detected. CONCLUSIONS While primary dysmenorrhea does not appear to affect overall diaphragmatic function or respiratory capacity, it is associated with subtle localized changes in the left intercostal dynamics. These findings suggest a potential compensatory mechanical adaptation rather than global respiratory dysfunction. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are needed to explore the clinical significance of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ángel González-de-la-Flor
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sport, European University of Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (R.d.P.-Á.); (M.G.-A.); (M.d.l.P.S.F.); (J.A.-P.); (C.E.-B.)
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Kellis E, Konstantopoulos A, Ellinoudis A. The Effects of Floor Isometric Trunk Extension Exercise on Muscle Thickness and Activation Vary Between Different Combinations of Duration and Repetition Number. J Sport Rehabil 2025:1-8. [PMID: 39832495 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2024-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
CONTEXT Intermittent floor trunk extensions are popular exercises in group fitness programs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether fewer repetitions of longer isometric trunk extension efforts compared with more repetitions of shorter isometric contractions have different acute effects on muscle thickness and activation as well as perceived exertion. DESIGN This study followed a cross-sectional design. METHODS Twenty healthy young males performed floor prone trunk extension exercises using 3 different exercise protocols of repetition and duration: 10 × 5 seconds (D10 × 5), 2 × 25 seconds (D2 × 25), and 5 × 10 seconds (D5 × 10). Ultrasound multifidus thickness and rate of perceived exertion on a 10-point scale were measured immediately after each protocol. Electromyographic activation from the erector spinae, multifidus, and gluteus maximum during each protocol was measured using bipolar surface electrodes. RESULTS The longer duration (D2 × 25) protocol showed a significant greater rate of perceived exertion (6.22 [0.73]) and rest multifidus thickness change (median: 8.04%) compared with the other protocols (P < .05). Within each protocol, root mean square of all muscles increased from trial to trial in the D2 × 25 and D5 × 10 (P < .05), but not during the D10 × 5 protocol (P > .05). The maximum root mean square was achieved in the shorter duration (D10 × 5) protocol compared with the other ones (P < .05). CONCLUSION If trunk extension exercises on the floor are used in a training setting, then using exercises with long duration and fewer repetitions may elicit a greater metabolic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios Kellis
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Athanasios Konstantopoulos
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Athanasios Ellinoudis
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
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Yang YR, Chen C, Pan CH, Yen SY, Cheng CF. Effects of Half-Time Re-Warm-Up With Core Strength Exercises on Subsequent Agility and Power Performance in Basketball Players. J Strength Cond Res 2025; 39:62-69. [PMID: 39652729 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Yang, Y-R, Chen, C, Pan, C-H, Yen, S-Y, and Cheng, C-F. Effects of half-time re-warm-up with core strength exercises on subsequent agility and power performance in basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 39(1): 62-69, 2025-This study investigated the effects of half-time re-warm-up (RW) comprising core strength exercise (CSE) on basketball players' subsequent power and change of direction (COD) performance. Twelve male collegiate basketball players were recruited to perform 3 conditions--CSE RW on a stable platform (STA) or an unstable platform (USTA) and passive rest (control, CON)--in randomized, counter-balanced order after a modified Loughborough intermittent shuttle test (LIST). The COD and power performance tests were administered before the LIST and after the interventions. Heart rate (HR) was continuously measured during each trial. Results showed significantly lower changes in T-test time in STA compared with CON (p < 0.05). Changes in countermovement jump height in STA were significantly higher than those in CON (p < 0.05). During the isometric midthigh pull test, changes in the maximum rate of force development (RFD) (p < 0.05), RFD in the range of 0-90 milliseconds (p < 0.05), 0-150 milliseconds (p < 0.05), 0-200 milliseconds (p < 0.05), and 0-250 milliseconds (p < 0.05), in STA were significantly higher than those in CON. In addition, RFD in the range of 0-150 milliseconds (p < 0.05) and 0-250 milliseconds (p < 0.05) in USTA was significantly higher than that in CON. The mean HR during USTA was significantly higher than that in STA and CON (p < 0.05). These findings indicated that CSE RW during halftime might prevent power and COD performance decline in the second half of a game, with practical implications for coaches and players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Rong Yang
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Sports Performance Lab, Department of Athletic Performance, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; and
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Sports Performance Lab, Department of Athletic Performance, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; and
| | - Chi-Hsueh Pan
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Sports Performance Lab, Department of Athletic Performance, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; and
| | - Shih-Yao Yen
- Sports Performance Lab, Department of Athletic Performance, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; and
- Department of Athletic Performance, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Sports Performance Lab, Department of Athletic Performance, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; and
- Department of Athletic Performance, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Ceniza-Bordallo G, Zimmermann E, Vigouroux M, Niburski K, Fortin M, Ouellet J, Cata JP, Ingelmo PM. Low Back Pain During and After Spaceflight: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. J Pain Res 2024; 17:4103-4139. [PMID: 39660277 PMCID: PMC11630706 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s491060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 11/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Space flights can produce physiological changes in the spine, leading to the development of acute and chronic pain in passengers. However, there is a lack of comprehensive literature exploring physiological spine changes and acute and chronic pain in space passengers (astronauts and animals). The first aim of this study was to identify the physiological changes experienced by passengers (humans and animals) after space flight. The second aim was to identify the incidence of low back pain during and after space flight. This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines and was pre-registered in PROSPERO (ID 451144). We included Randomized Controlled Trials or longitudinal studies in humans and animals, and the variables must be assessed either in-flight or post-flight. We conducted a literature search in major databases combining the keywords: Pain; Space; Low Back Pain; Astronauts; Spine Changes; Microgravity; Physiological Changes; Humans; Animals. Risk of bias and quality of studies were analyzed, and the level of evidence was assessed using the GRADE system. After duplicates were removed, 115 abstracts were screened by two reviewers, and finally, 11 articles were included in this review. The evidence indicates that astronauts experience muscle atrophy in the lumbar multifidus with a moderate to large effect, especially in the L4-L5 and L5-S1 segments. Space flights also decrease the range of motion with a moderate effect, along with disc herniations and disc dehydration. 77% of astronauts experience pain during spaceflight, and 47% develop acute pain after spaceflight. Chronic pain was reported by 33% of the astronauts. After space flights, astronauts suffer from lumbar muscle atrophy, reduced range of motion, disc herniations, and disc dehydration, with a high incidence of both acute and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Ceniza-Bordallo
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Podiatry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eric Zimmermann
- Edwards Family Interdisciplinary Center for Complex Pain, Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Vigouroux
- Edwards Family Interdisciplinary Center for Complex Pain, Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kacper Niburski
- Department of Anesthesia, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Maryse Fortin
- Department of Health, Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Ouellet
- Department of Paediatric Surgery & Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Scoliosis & Spine Surgery, Shriner’s Hospital for Children, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Juan Pablo Cata
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Texas – MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Anesthesiology and Surgical Oncology Research Group, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pablo M Ingelmo
- Edwards Family Interdisciplinary Center for Complex Pain, Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia. McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
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15
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Di Martino G, della Valle C, Centorbi M, Bovolenta P, Fiorilli G, Calcagno G, di Cagno A, Iuliano E. Kinesiological Rehabilitation in a Young Adult with Biceps Femoralis Arteriovenous Malformation: A Case Study. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:225. [PMID: 39584878 PMCID: PMC11586994 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9040225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2024] [Revised: 10/26/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: This case study involved a 24-year-old male with an arteriovenous malformation localized in the long head of the right biceps femoris muscle, with an anterior cruciate ligament injury. The aim was to assess the effects of a five-week kinesiological protocol, which included global postural re-education and strengthening exercises focused on knee stabilization. Methods: The effectiveness of the therapeutic intervention was evaluated using Gait Analysis, clinical examination, and the SF-36 questionnaire to assess the patient's quality of life. Results: The study revealed significant postural improvements, including the restoration of the spine's physiological curves, with kyphosis angles measuring 44.7° in indifferent orthostasis and 41.7° in self-corrected standing; and lumbar lordosis measuring 32.8° in indifferent orthostasis and 41.9° in self-corrected standing. Additionally, there was a restoration of the correct knee, hip, and ankle angles, along with a shift in the principal axis of the center of pressure from 7.6° pre-intervention to 12.9° post-intervention. The patient's perception of physical efficiency also improved, increasing from 60% to 75% over the treatment period. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the kinesiological treatment was confirmed by the improvement in gait stability and overall strengthening. The patient's active involvement in the treatment process enhanced his confidence in its success, ensuring adherence to the protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Di Martino
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.D.M.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Carlo della Valle
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.D.M.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Centorbi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.D.M.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Paola Bovolenta
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, Italy; (P.B.); or (E.I.)
| | - Giovanni Fiorilli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.D.M.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Calcagno
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.D.M.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Alessandra di Cagno
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Via Plinio 44, 00193 Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Iuliano
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, Italy; (P.B.); or (E.I.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 73000 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Nishida S, Ito W, Ohishi T, Yoshida R, Sato S, Nakamura M. Relationship between Peak Eccentric Force during the Nordic Hamstring Exercise and One Repetition Maximum Deadlift Performance. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2024; 19:1197-1203. [PMID: 39371192 PMCID: PMC11446731 DOI: 10.26603/001c.123473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) is useful for preventing hamstring strain injuries. However, its adoption rates in the sports field are currently low, necessitating a safe and efficient introduction. Hypothesis/Purpose The purpose was to examine the relationship between the eccentric force during the NHE and the one repetition maximum of deadlift. It was hypothesized that the eccentric force during the NHE would be correlated with the one repetition maximum (1RM) of the deadlift. Study design Cross-sectional study. Methods Healthy student rugby players with no history of hamstring tears were recruited to participate. The peak eccentric forces during the NHE, which is the vertical peak force on the part holding the leg, were measured in both legs, while gradually leaning forward to a prone position over three seconds. The 1RM of deadlift was calculated from the weight that could be raised three times during a deadlift (x kg) using the estimated formula (x kg / 0.93). The correlation between the left and right peak eccentric forces during the NHE, the total left and right forces, and the 1RM of the deadlift was examined using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, with all values corrected for body mass. Results During the NHE, the peak eccentric force of the right and left legs and the total peak eccentric force of both legs were 3.8 ± 1.1 N/BM, 3.8 ± 1.2 N/BM, and 7.6 ± 2.1 N/BM, respectively. The 1RM of deadlift was 1.9 ± 0.3 kg/BM. Weak correlations (r = 0.34-0.37) were found between the 1RM of the deadlift and the peak eccentric force in the right and left legs and the total peak eccentric force of both legs. Conclusion The present study revealed a weak correlation between the peak eccentric force during the NHE and 1RM of deadlift. Level of Evidence 2c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Nishida
- Faculty of Sport and Health SciencesRyutsu Keizai University
| | | | | | - Riku Yoshida
- Department of RehabilitationManiwa Orthopedic Clinic
| | - Shigeru Sato
- Department of RehabilitationMatsumura General Hospital
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17
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Rabello R, Bertozzi F, Hauschild de Freitas IL, Molinari T, Roncada C, Sforza C, Rodrigues R, Tiggemann CL. Activation of the three deltoid muscle portions during common strengthening exercises: A systematic review. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 40:1309-1325. [PMID: 39593452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The three portions of the deltoid muscle (anterior, middle, and posterior) are primary movers of several strengthening exercises and their contribution to different exercises can be measured using surface electromyography. PURPOSE To systematically review studies that evaluated the activation of commonly used exercises and their variations. METHODS A search was conducted in PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, Scopus and SciELO. Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria, evaluating at least one deltoid portion during conventional isotonic exercises (minimum load: 60% of one-repetition maximum or body weight) and reporting normalized values. Similar exercises were grouped, averaged, and ranked according to the resulting activation. Individual exercise variations were also ranked. RESULTS For anterior deltoid, horizontal adductions (inclined) and horizontal adductions (horizontal) generated the greatest activation, while the inclined dumbbell fly was the individual exercise with greatest activation; for middle deltoid, abductions and horizontal abductions presented the greatest activation, with lateral raises associated with internal rotation being the exercise producing greatest activation. For posterior deltoid, pull-ups generated greatest activation, with the standard pull-up and the inverted row with a suspension device requiring the greatest individual exercise activation. CONCLUSIONS These findings can be useful for coaches and practitioners when choosing the most appropriate exercise for strengthening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Rabello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, MI, Italy.
| | - Filippo Bertozzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, MI, Italy; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | | | - Talita Molinari
- Exercise Physiology and Physical Assessment Laboratory, Serra Gaúcha University Center, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristian Roncada
- Exercise Physiology and Physical Assessment Laboratory, Serra Gaúcha University Center, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Chiarella Sforza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Rodrigo Rodrigues
- Insitute of Education, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Leandro Tiggemann
- Department of Physical Education, University Center Univates, Lajeado, Brazil; Exercise Physiology and Physical Assessment Laboratory, Serra Gaúcha University Center, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
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Lee TT, Ko BJ, Chang CH, Cheng IS. Free-Weight Resistance Training Enhances Core Muscle Strength but Does Not Translate to Improved Athletic Performance in Adolescent Canoe/Kayak Athletes. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:1177. [PMID: 39457142 PMCID: PMC11506618 DOI: 10.3390/children11101177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES While previous evidence has shown that using free weights for resistance training is a more practical approach to enhancing strength, there is a relatively low prevalence of free-weight resistance training among adolescent kayak/canoe athletes. Therefore, this study aims to assess the impact of free-weight resistance training on body composition and various performance factors among adolescent canoe/kayak athletes. METHODS Twenty-seven young sprint kayakers and canoeists (14 ± 1 years; 164 ± 7 cm; 56 ± 8 kg) completed this study. Following baseline assessments, athletes were randomly divided into two training groups: the free-weight resistance training group (FW) or the control group (C). The FW group underwent free-weight resistance training sessions twice weekly for 24 weeks. The C group maintained their regular bodyweight training sessions during the same timeframe. All participants performed both the pre- and post-training assessments for the following dependent variables: body composition, upper-body power, upper-body isometric muscle strength, isometric mid-thigh pull, core strength, countermovement jump, balance, anaerobic ability, and aerobic performance. RESULTS After 24 weeks of training, the free-weight resistance training group exhibited a significant increase in body weight (from 56 ± 5 kg to 58 ± 4 kg, p < 0.05) and improvements in the number of straight leg raise repetitions (from 23 ± 6 to 26 ± 4, p < 0.05) compared to the control group. However, the two groups observed no significant differences between upper-body isometric muscle strength, power, balance, and anaerobic/aerobic performance. CONCLUSIONS A 24-week training duration might be insufficient for novice participants in resistance training. Future research should consider incorporating an adaptation period or a learning phase for movements before training, thereby enhancing the efficacy of free-weight resistance training in increasing strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Lee
- Department of Aquatics Sports, University of Taipei, Taipei 10608, Taiwan;
| | - Bo-Jen Ko
- Department of Physical Education, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung City 40306, Taiwan;
| | - Chu-Han Chang
- Department of Sport Performance, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung City 404401, Taiwan;
| | - I-Shiung Cheng
- Department of Physical Education, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung City 40306, Taiwan;
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Nakai Y, Takeshita Y. Effects of trunk muscle strength training on lung function in healthy runners. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2024; 64:871-879. [PMID: 38863418 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.24.15891-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal pressure is important for athlete performance and conditioning, and lung function is implicated in running performance and economy. We aimed to determine the synergistic effects of trunk muscle strength training on abdominal pressure and lung function in university student runners. METHODS A total of 18 healthy male runners participated in the study. Abdominal pressure was measured against air pressure applied by a cuff belt wrapped around the trunk. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and FEV in 6 seconds (FEV6) were measured. Trunk muscle strength training was performed for 8 weeks, and abdominal pressure and lung function were compared preintervention as well as at 8 weeks and 6 months postintervention. Correlations between the preintervention abdominal pressure and FEV1 and FEV6, as well as the rate of change (Δ) of each item at each time point, were examined. RESULTS Preintervention correlations between abdominal pressure and lung function were significant for abdominal pressure and FEV1 (r=0.475, P=0.047) and abdominal pressure and FEV6 (r=0.473, P=0.047). Significant correlations were found between Δabdominal pressure and ΔFEV1 (r=0.489, P=0.040) and Δabdominal pressure and ΔFEV6 (r=0.478, P=0.045) between preintervention and 8 weeks postintervention. Significant correlations were found between Δabdominal pressure and ΔFEV6 (r=0.557, P=0.016) between 8 weeks and 6 months postintervention. CONCLUSIONS The trunk muscle strength training intervention improved abdominal pressure and lung function, and the rate of change was also positively correlated, suggesting a synergistic effect between the two.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakai
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Daiichi Institute of Technology, Kirishima, Japan -
| | - Yasufumi Takeshita
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Daiichi Institute of Technology, Kirishima, Japan
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Afzal U, Saeed Q, Anwar MN, Pervaiz S, Shahid M, Javed R, Ali MU, Lee SW. Comparison of Health Parameters in Postpartum Diastasis Recti: A Randomized Control Trial of SEMG Biofeedback-Assisted Core Strengthening Exercises with Kinesiotaping vs. Non-Assisted Exercises. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1567. [PMID: 39201126 PMCID: PMC11354019 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12161567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Current medical treatments for diastasis recti often involve exercises to strengthen the core muscles, along with abdominal binders or supports. However, there is limited evidence comparing the effectiveness of surface electromyography (SEMG) biofeedback-assisted core strengthening exercises combined with kinesiotaping to other approaches. This study aimed to assess the impact of three interventions on core strength, inter-rectus distance, and quality of life in postpartum women with diastasis recti. The interventions included core strengthening exercises with kinesiotaping and SEMG biofeedback-assisted core strengthening with kinesiotaping. This randomized controlled trial (NCT05897255) included 24 postpartum women divided into three groups. We measured inter-rectus distance, quality of life using the Short Form Health Survey 36, and core strength using the McGill torso battery test. The SEMG biofeedback provided auditory and visual cues. We used one-way analysis of variance to compare outcomes between groups, while a t-test for within-group analysis. Both the SEMG biofeedback-assisted and non-assisted core strengthening exercises with kinesiotaping groups showed significantly greater improvements in energy, bodily pain, general health, physical functioning, and limitations due to physical problems than the core strengthening group. Additionally, the SEMG biofeedback-assisted group demonstrated a greater reduction in inter-rectus distance. There were no statistically significant differences in core strength improvement among the three groups. Core strengthening exercises with SEMG-assisted kinesiotaping were superior to core strengthening alone in reducing inter-rectus distance, enhancing physical function, energy levels, and general health, and decreasing bodily pain and limitations due to physical problems. Core strength improvements were similar across all groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujala Afzal
- Foundation University College of Physical Therapy, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (U.A.); (Q.S.); (S.P.); (M.S.); (R.J.)
| | - Quratulain Saeed
- Foundation University College of Physical Therapy, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (U.A.); (Q.S.); (S.P.); (M.S.); (R.J.)
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Nabeel Anwar
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Sanna Pervaiz
- Foundation University College of Physical Therapy, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (U.A.); (Q.S.); (S.P.); (M.S.); (R.J.)
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Manahil Shahid
- Foundation University College of Physical Therapy, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (U.A.); (Q.S.); (S.P.); (M.S.); (R.J.)
| | - Rimsha Javed
- Foundation University College of Physical Therapy, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (U.A.); (Q.S.); (S.P.); (M.S.); (R.J.)
| | - Muhammad Umair Ali
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Arslan K, Akinci B, Ucgun H. Peak expiratory flow, core performance and physical activity in normal-weight, overweight, and obese adolescents. Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 2024; 33:124-130. [PMID: 38993718 PMCID: PMC11234185 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.2024-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to (1) compare peak expiratory flow (PEF), physical activity (PA), and core performance among normal-weight, overweight, and obese adolescents and (2) explore the relationships between PEF, physical activity, core performance, and anthropometric measurements across these groups. Ninety adolescents aged 10-13 yr were categorized based on BMI: normal weight (n = 30, 5th to < 85th percentile, BMI-Z score -2 to < 1), overweight (n = 30, 85th to < 95th percentile, BMI-Z score 1 to < 2), and obese (n = 30, > 95th percentile, BMI-Z score > 2). PEF and percent-predicted values of PEF (PEF% pred) values were calculated. Waist and neck circumferences were measured. Physical activity levels were assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), from which total and subscores were derived. Core performance was evaluated through modified push-up (MPU) and sit-up tests. The PEF% pred and PAQ-C scores showed no significant differences between groups (p > 0.05). However, MPU repetition rates were significantly lower in obese adolescents compared to overweight (p = 0.019) and normal-weight peers (p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between PEF% pred and PAQ-C total scores (p = 0.014), as well as out-of-school subscores (p = 0.039) in overweight adolescents. Similarly, PEF% pred was linked to MPU repetitions in obese adolescents (p = 0.029). Obese adolescents exhibited decreased core performance relative to their overweight and normal-weight counterparts, which correlated with the PEF% pred. Physical activity was associated with PEF% pred exclusively in overweight adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Arslan
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Institute of Postgraduate Education, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Buket Akinci
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Ucgun
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Mao Q, Zhang J, Yu L, Zhao Y, Luximon Y, Wang H. Effectiveness of sensor-based interventions in improving gait and balance performance in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2024; 21:85. [PMID: 38807117 PMCID: PMC11131332 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-024-01375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensor-based interventions (SI) have been suggested as an alternative rehabilitation treatment to improve older adults' functional performance. However, the effectiveness of different sensor technologies in improving gait and balance remains unclear and requires further investigation. METHODS Ten databases (Academic Search Premier; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Complete; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; MEDLINE; PubMed; Web of Science; OpenDissertations; Open grey; ProQuest; and Grey literature report) were searched for relevant articles published up to December 20, 2022. Conventional functional assessments, including the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, normal gait speed, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and Falling Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), were used as the evaluation outcomes reflecting gait and balance performance. We first meta-analyzed the effectiveness of SI, which included optical sensors (OPTS), perception sensors (PCPS), and wearable sensors (WS), compared with control groups, which included non-treatment intervention (NTI) and traditional physical exercise intervention (TPEI). We further conducted sub-group analysis to compare the effectiveness of SI (OPTS, PCPS, and WS) with TPEI groups and compared each SI subtype with control (NTI and TPEI) and TPEI groups. RESULTS We scanned 6255 articles and performed meta-analyses of 58 selected trials (sample size = 2713). The results showed that SI groups were significantly more effective than control or TPEI groups (p < 0.000) in improving gait and balance performance. The subgroup meta-analyses between OPTS groups and TPEI groups revealed clear statistically significant differences in effectiveness for TUG test (mean difference (MD) = - 0.681 s; p < 0.000), normal gait speed (MD = 4.244 cm/s; p < 0.000), BBS (MD = 2.325; p = 0.001), 6MWT (MD = 25.166 m; p < 0.000), and FES-I scores (MD = - 2.036; p = 0.036). PCPS groups also presented statistically significant differences with TPEI groups in gait and balance assessments for normal gait speed (MD = 4.382 cm/s; p = 0.034), BBS (MD = 1.874; p < 0.000), 6MWT (MD = 21.904 m; p < 0.000), and FES-I scores (MD = - 1.161; p < 0.000), except for the TUG test (MD = - 0.226 s; p = 0.106). There were no statistically significant differences in TUG test (MD = - 1.255 s; p = 0.101) or normal gait speed (MD = 6.682 cm/s; p = 0.109) between WS groups and control groups. CONCLUSIONS SI with biofeedback has a positive effect on gait and balance improvement among a mixed population of older adults. Specifically, OPTS and PCPS groups were statistically better than TPEI groups at improving gait and balance performance, whereas only the group comparison in BBS and 6MWT can reach the minimal clinically important difference. Moreover, WS groups showed no statistically or clinically significant positive effect on gait and balance improvement compared with control groups. More studies are recommended to verify the effectiveness of specific SI. Research registration PROSPERO platform: CRD42022362817. Registered on 7/10/2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Mao
- School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lisha Yu
- School of Data Science, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Luximon
- School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hailiang Wang
- School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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23
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Batista GDA, Beltrán SP, dos Passos MHP, Calixtre LB, Santos LRDH, de Araújo RC. Comparison of the Electromyography Activity during Exercises with Stable and Unstable Surfaces: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:111. [PMID: 38668579 PMCID: PMC11055131 DOI: 10.3390/sports12040111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The effect of electromyographic (EMG) activity on agonist muscles during exercises performed on stable and unstable surfaces remains uncertain. We aimed to review the literature regarding the comparison of the EMG activity of the agonist muscles of exercises performed on stable and unstable surfaces. Eighty-six studies that evaluated the EMG activity of 1783 individuals during exercises for the lower limbs, upper limbs, and core were included. The EMG activities of the pectoralis major (SMD = 0.28 [95% CI 0.09, 0.47]) and triceps brachii muscles (SMD = 0.45 [95% CI 0.25, 0.66]) were significantly increased when the unstable device was added to the exercise. Likewise, the EMG activity of all core muscles showed a significant increase with the unstable surface during the exercises, such as the rectus abdominis (SMD = 0.51 [95% CI 0.37, 0.66]), external oblique (SMD = 0.44 [95% CI 0.28, 0.61]), internal oblique (SMD = 1.04 [95% CI 0.02, 2.07]), erector spinae (SMD = 0.37 [95% CI 0.04, 0.71]), and lumbar multifidus (SMD = 0.35 [95% CI 0.08, 0.61]). However, the lower limb muscles did not show greater EMG activity during the exercise with unstable surfaces compared to the stable surface. In conclusion, unstable conditions increase the EMG activity of some upper limb and core muscles compared to a stable surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel de Amorim Batista
- Associated Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, University of Pernambuco, Recife 50100-130, Brazil; (S.P.B.); (M.H.P.d.P.)
| | - Sol Patricia Beltrán
- Associated Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, University of Pernambuco, Recife 50100-130, Brazil; (S.P.B.); (M.H.P.d.P.)
| | - Muana Hiandra Pereira dos Passos
- Associated Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, University of Pernambuco, Recife 50100-130, Brazil; (S.P.B.); (M.H.P.d.P.)
| | - Letícia Bojikian Calixtre
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance (PPGRDF), University of Pernambuco (UPE–Campus Petrolina), Petrolina 56328-900, Brazil; (L.B.C.); (L.R.d.H.S.); (R.C.d.A.)
| | - Laís Regina de Holanda Santos
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance (PPGRDF), University of Pernambuco (UPE–Campus Petrolina), Petrolina 56328-900, Brazil; (L.B.C.); (L.R.d.H.S.); (R.C.d.A.)
| | - Rodrigo Cappato de Araújo
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance (PPGRDF), University of Pernambuco (UPE–Campus Petrolina), Petrolina 56328-900, Brazil; (L.B.C.); (L.R.d.H.S.); (R.C.d.A.)
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24
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Krobot Cutura N, Mrak M, Cutura DM, Petric Vickovic I, Ruzic L. Evaluating Intraocular Pressure Alterations during Large Muscle Group Isometric Exercises with Varying Head and Body Positions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:476. [PMID: 38673387 PMCID: PMC11050476 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Performing physical exercise affects intraocular pressure, and its elevation and fluctuations are the main risk factors for glaucoma development or progression. The aim of this study was to examine the acute alterations in intraocular pressure (IOP) during four unweighted isometric exercises and to determine whether the different head and body positions taken during exercise additionally affect IOP. Twelve healthy volunteers between the ages of 25 and 33 performed four isometric exercises: wall sit in neutral head and body position, elbow plank in prone head and body position, reverse plank in supine head and body position for 1 min, and right-side plank in lateral head and body position for 30 s. Intraocular pressure was measured by applanation portable tonometry, before performing the exercise, immediately after exercise completion, and after five minutes of rest. A significant acute increase in intraocular pressure was found as a response to the performance of the elbow plank (p < 0.01), the reverse plank (p < 0.001), and the right-side plank (p < 0.001). The wall sit exercise did not reveal a statistically significant IOP elevation (p = 0.232). Different head and body positions had no significant additional influence on IOP (F (3,33) = 0.611; p = 0.613), even though the alteration in IOP was found to be greater in exercises with a lower head and body position. Our data revealed that IOP elevation seems to be affected by the performance of the elbow plank, the reverse plank, and the right-side plank; and not by the wall sit exercise. More different isometric exercises should be examined to find ones that are safe to perform for glaucoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Krobot Cutura
- Varazdin General Hospital, Ivana Mestrovica 1, 42000 Varazdin, Croatia;
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvacanski zavoj 15, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | | | - Dominik-Mate Cutura
- Varazdin General Hospital, Ivana Mestrovica 1, 42000 Varazdin, Croatia;
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvacanski zavoj 15, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ivanka Petric Vickovic
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Vinogradska cesta 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lana Ruzic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvacanski zavoj 15, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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25
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Anthierens A, Thevenon A, Olivier N, Mucci P. Paraspinal muscle oxygenation and mechanical efficiency are reduced in individuals with chronic low back pain. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4943. [PMID: 38418858 PMCID: PMC10901808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the systemic and local metabolic responses during a 5-min trunk extension exercise in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and in healthy individuals. Thirteen active participants with CLBP paired with 13 healthy participants performed a standardised 5-min trunk extension exercise on an isokinetic dynamometer set in continuous passive motion mode. During exercise, we used near-infrared spectroscopy to measure tissue oxygenation (TOI) and total haemoglobin-myoglobin (THb). We used a gas exchange analyser to measure breath-by-breath oxygen consumption (V̇O2) and carbon dioxide produced (V̇CO2). We also calculated mechanical efficiency. We assessed the intensity of low back pain sensation before and after exercise by using a visual analogue scale. In participants with CLBP, low back pain increased following exercise (+ 1.5 units; p < 0.001) and THb decreased during exercise (- 4.0 units; p = 0.043). Paraspinal muscle oxygenation (65.0 and 71.0%, respectively; p = 0.009) and mechanical efficiency (4.7 and 5.3%, respectively; p = 0.034) were both lower in participants with CLBP compared with healthy participants. The increase in pain sensation was related to the decrease in tissue oxygenation (R2 = - 0.420; p = 0.036). Decreases in total haemoglobin-myoglobin and mechanical efficiency could involve fatigability in exercise-soliciting paraspinal muscles and, therefore, exacerbate inabilities in daily life. Given the positive correlation between tissue oxygenation and exercise-induced pain exacerbation, muscle oxygenation may be related to persisting and crippling low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Anthierens
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France.
| | - André Thevenon
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation Fonctionnelle, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Olivier
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Patrick Mucci
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France
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26
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Messina G, Francavilla VC, Lima F, Padua E, Secolo G, Secolo I, Iovane A, Parisi MC, Di Corrado D. Effects of Proprioceptive Insoles and Specific Core Training on Postural Stability for Preventing Injuries in Tennis. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:34. [PMID: 38390934 PMCID: PMC10885046 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tennis is a complex sport based on unpredictability that requires adequate physical and psychological preparation to prevent injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 8-week specific core stability training on postural stability in competitive adolescent tennis players, aged between 14 and 19 years old. Sixty-one participants were randomly allocated into two groups: experimental (n = 32) and control (n = 29) groups. The first group wore proprioceptive insoles 8 h a day and performed a detailed training 3 times a week for 8 weeks; the second group only received proprioceptive insoles to wear 8 h a day for 8 weeks. The postural stability parameters (center-of-pressure length, center-of-pressure velocity, and 95% confidence ellipse sway area) included three assessment times: baseline (T0), intermediate test (T1), post-test (T2), and retention test (T3). Data analysis showed a significant improvement in the experimental group compared with the control group, indicating a large effect size in center-of-pressure length, ellipse sway area, and center-of-pressure velocity at T2 and T3 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggest that a specific and detailed core stability training plays a significant role in improving balance and postural stability in young tennis players, especially in terms of preventing the risk of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Messina
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Lima
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Elvira Padua
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Secolo
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Dunarea de Jos, 800402 Galati, Romania
| | - Innocenzo Secolo
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Iovane
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Di Corrado
- Department of Sport Sciences, Kore University, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy
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27
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Ylinen J, Pasanen T, Heinonen A, Kivistö H, Kautiainen H, Multanen J. Trunk muscle activation of core stabilization exercises in subjects with and without chronic low back pain. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2024; 37:897-908. [PMID: 38250755 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-230043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weakness and atrophy in trunk muscles have been associated with chronic low back pain (CLBP). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify isometric exercises resulting the highest trunk muscle activity for individuals with and without CLBP. METHODS Fourteen males with CLBP and 15 healthy age-matched healthy subjects were recruited for this study. Muscle activity during maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) was measured for a comparative reference with surface electromyography (sEMG) from six trunk muscles. Thereafter maximum EMG amplitude values were measured during eleven trunk stability exercises. The maximal EMG activity in each exercise relative to the MVICs was analyzed using generalizing estimating equations (GEE) models with the unstructured correlation structure. RESULTS The GEE models showed statistically significant differences in muscle activity between exercises within both groups (p< 0.001), with no significant differences between groups (p> 0.05). The highest muscle activity was achieved with the hip flexion machine for multifidus, side pull with a resistance band for lumbar extensors, side and single-arm cable pull exercises for thoracic extensors, rotary plank and the hip flexion machine for abdominal. CONCLUSION This study found five isometric trunk exercises that exhibited highest muscle activity depending on muscle tested, with no significant difference between individuals with and without CLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Ylinen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, NOVA, Central Hospital of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tero Pasanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ari Heinonen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Heikki Kivistö
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juhani Multanen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, NOVA, Central Hospital of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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28
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Mehendale P, Iyenagar M, Bhatt GD, Kothary K. Telerehabilitation for a Non-specific Low Back Pain: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e47854. [PMID: 38021986 PMCID: PMC10680045 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most common conditions that affect activities of daily living and make them significantly more difficult to perform is low back pain (LBP). As a result, it is essential to treat LBP at an early stage. Particularly in geographically remote areas where there is a shortage of medical professionals and a lack of rehabilitation services, telerehabilitation is considered a potential alternative. Hence, this case report represents the impact of telerehabilitation on LBP in a 32-year-old female corporate worker who presented to the out-patient department of physiotherapy with the chief complaints of LBP for the last three months with difficulty in performing activities, and being unable to sit for prolonged period of time. The physiotherapeutic rehabilitation was virtually administered through online sessions through the cloud-based application as the patient was not able to visit the outpatient department on a regular basis. Post-intervention results demonstrated increased range of motion and flexibility, reduced pain, increased muscle strength, reduced disability and kinesiophobia, and improved quality of life. Hence, it can be concluded that telerehabilitation offers a novel solution to increase access to rehabilitation services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Mehendale
- Department of Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, K J Somaiya College of Physiotherapy, Mumbai, IND
- Department of Physiotherapy, Parul University, Vadodara, IND
| | - Madhavan Iyenagar
- Department of Surgery, Parul Sevashram Hospital, Parul Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Vadodara, IND
| | - Geeta D Bhatt
- Department of Neurophysiotherapy, K J Somaiya College of Physiotherapy, Mumbai, IND
| | - Khyati Kothary
- Department of Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy, K J Somaiya College of Physiotherapy, Mumbai, IND
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29
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Rubí-Carnacea F, Masbernat-Almenara M, Climent-Sanz C, Soler-González J, García-Escudero M, Martínez-Navarro O, Valenzuela-Pascual F. Effectiveness of an exercise intervention based on preactivation of the abdominal transverse muscle in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain in primary care: a randomized control trial. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2023; 24:180. [PMID: 37674205 PMCID: PMC10483714 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-023-02140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain is one of the most common disabling pathologies in humanity worldwide. Physical exercises have been used in recent decades to reduce the pain, improve the functionality of the lumbar spine and avoid relapses. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effect of a program based on re-education exercises involving preactivation of the abdominal transverse muscle compared to conventional treatment in adults with chronic nonspecific low back pain. METHODS A two-arm, single-blind randomized control trial with 35 primary care patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Both groups received a 4-week intervention. Data were collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Sixteen patients participated in the intervention group, and 19 patients in the control group. RESULTS For the experimental group, the outcomes of disability and activation of the abdominal transverse muscle decreased significantly (MD -2.9; CI 95% -5.6 to -0.35; η2 = 0.14; p = 0.028) and (MD 2.3; CI 95% 0.91 to 3.67; η2 = 0.25; p = 0.002) respectively, with a large effect size, compared to the control group. There were no differences between the groups in pain intensity, thickness, and resistance of the transverse abdominal muscle. CONCLUSION A 4-week specific program based on re-education exercises of the preactivation of the abdominal transverse muscle is more effective than conventional treatment for reducing disability and increasing the activation of the abdominal transverse muscle measured by VAS scale and PBU. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03097497. Date of registration: 31/03/2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Rubí-Carnacea
- Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Lleida, Roig 2, 25198, Lleida, Montserrat, España
- Group of Studies on Society, Health, Education and Culture (GESEC), Universidad de Lleida, Pl. de Víctor Siurana 1, 25003, Lleida, España
- Research Group of Health Care (GReCS), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute's Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRB Lleida), Avda Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, España
| | - Maria Masbernat-Almenara
- Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Lleida, Roig 2, 25198, Lleida, Montserrat, España.
- Group of Studies on Society, Health, Education and Culture (GESEC), Universidad de Lleida, Pl. de Víctor Siurana 1, 25003, Lleida, España.
- Research Group of Health Care (GReCS), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute's Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRB Lleida), Avda Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, España.
| | - Carolina Climent-Sanz
- Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Lleida, Roig 2, 25198, Lleida, Montserrat, España
- Group of Studies on Society, Health, Education and Culture (GESEC), Universidad de Lleida, Pl. de Víctor Siurana 1, 25003, Lleida, España
- Research Group of Health Care (GReCS), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute's Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRB Lleida), Avda Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, España
| | - Jorge Soler-González
- Group of Studies on Society, Health, Education and Culture (GESEC), Universidad de Lleida, Pl. de Víctor Siurana 1, 25003, Lleida, España
- Research Group of Health Care (GReCS), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute's Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRB Lleida), Avda Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, España
- Catalan Institute of Health, Rambla de Ferran 44, 25007, Lleida, España
| | - María García-Escudero
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, España
| | - Oriol Martínez-Navarro
- Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Lleida, Roig 2, 25198, Lleida, Montserrat, España
- Group of Studies on Society, Health, Education and Culture (GESEC), Universidad de Lleida, Pl. de Víctor Siurana 1, 25003, Lleida, España
- Research Group of Health Care (GReCS), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute's Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRB Lleida), Avda Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, España
| | - Fran Valenzuela-Pascual
- Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Lleida, Roig 2, 25198, Lleida, Montserrat, España
- Group of Studies on Society, Health, Education and Culture (GESEC), Universidad de Lleida, Pl. de Víctor Siurana 1, 25003, Lleida, España
- Research Group of Health Care (GReCS), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute's Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRB Lleida), Avda Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, España
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30
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Lopes Dos Santos M, Thompson M, Dinyer-McNeely T, Torrence T, Lockie RG, Orr RM, Dawes JJ. Differences and Relationships Between Push-up and Sit-up Variations Among Male Law Enforcement Cadets. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:1865-1869. [PMID: 36719968 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Lopes dos Santos, M, Thompson, M, Dinyer-McNeely, T, Torrence, T, Lockie, RG, Orr, RM, and Dawes, JJ. Differences and relationships between push-up and sit-up variations among male law enforcement cadets. J Strength Cond Res 37(9): 1865-1869, 2023-The purpose of this study was to explore variation-dependent differences in push-up and sit-up tests, as well as to identify the relationships between push-up and sit-up variations commonly performed among tactical personnel. Data from 41 (age = 21.1 ± 1.8 years, body mass = 89.5 ± 15.5 kg) male police cadets from one US-based training academy who performed the standard push-up (PU Standard ), hand-release push-up (PU Hand-release ), standard sit-up (SU Standard ), and hands behind the head sit-up (SU BehindHead ) were examined. The maximum number of repetitions completed for each exercise was used for analyses with paired-samples t tests used to identify significant differences between outcome measures and effect sizes (ES) to determine change in magnitude. A significant difference, with a large ES, was found in the number of repetitions completed between the push-up variations ( p < 0.001, ES = 0.75) and sit-up variations ( p < 0.001, ES = 1.02). Performance in PU Standard was only able to explain 39% of the variation in PU Hand-release ( r = 0.62, r2 = 0.39, p < 0.001), and performance in the SU Standard was only able to explain 29% of the variation in SU BehindHead ( r = 0.54, r2 = 0.29, p < 0.001). The current study suggests differences in performance capabilities may be dependent on the push-up and sit-up variations chosen for testing. Although it is still unclear whether one variation would be a better predictor of police work performance, agencies must give special attention to the overall construct validity of fitness tests for entry and retention of law enforcement officers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Lopes Dos Santos
- School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
- OSU Tactical Fitness and Nutrition Lab
| | - Megan Thompson
- School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
- OSU Tactical Fitness and Nutrition Lab
| | - Taylor Dinyer-McNeely
- School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
- OSU Tactical Fitness and Nutrition Lab
| | - Troy Torrence
- Training Division, Indiana State Police, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Robert G Lockie
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA
| | - Robin M Orr
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia
| | - J Jay Dawes
- School of Kinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
- OSU Tactical Fitness and Nutrition Lab
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31
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Moreno-Barriga OS, Romero-Morales C, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Losa-Iglesias ME, Gómez-Salgado J, Caballero-López J, Vidal-Valverde LC, López-López D. Effects of Foot Structure Type on Core Stability in University Athletes. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1487. [PMID: 37511860 PMCID: PMC10381840 DOI: 10.3390/life13071487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study assessed the impact of different types of medial foot arch on postural stability and core center of gravity muscle activity among collegiate athletes. METHODS The study sample included 103 university-level athletes across various sports (soccer, rugby, basketball, volleyball, field tennis, table tennis, karate, and cheerleading) from the College of Magdalena (Colombia) who exhibited distinct types of medial foot arch: 32 high, 35 low, and 36 neutral arches. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was employed to assess conduction velocity, magnitude values, latency, and fatigue in focal muscles including the spinal erector (SE), internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO), and rectus abdominis (AR), while measurements of static and dynamic postural control were also considered. Post hoc analysis was performed with Bonferroni correction for all electromyographically measured muscle groups, as well as for measurements of static and dynamic postural stability. Pearson's or Spearman's correlation tests were used to compare the different types of feet. RESULTS There were no substantial differences observed between the distinct types of feet in terms of focal muscle activity, static stability, or dynamics. Even though the mean values indicated higher muscle activity and stability among those with high foot arches and lower values among those with low arches compared to the neutral foot type, this observed difference was deemed statistically insignificant. We also observed a positive correlation between internal oblique muscle activity and the average power of dynamic postural stability, which remained consistent across all foot types. Our findings indicate that static instability is directly correlated with dynamic instability in the anteroposterior direction, while a clear inverse relationship was established in the lateral direction upon examining the variable correlations. CONCLUSIONS The presence of high or low foot arches did not significantly impact the activity of the muscles responsible for maintaining the body's center of gravity or postural stability among university-level athletes. This suggests the existence of neuromuscular compensation mechanisms that attempt to restore balance and compensate for any changes in postural stability caused by varying foot types. Through targeted training that emphasizes activation of the internal oblique muscle, athletes may see improved postural stability. Our findings indicate that static stabilization exercises can also prove beneficial in improving dynamic stability in the anteroposterior plane, while a more dynamic approach may be required to improve dynamic stability in the lateral plane.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil 092301, Ecuador
| | | | | | - Daniel López-López
- Research, Health, and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Industrial Campus of Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, 15403 Ferrol, Spain
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López-de-Celis C, Labata-Lezaun N, Romaní-Sánchez S, Gassó-Villarejo S, Garcia-Ribell E, Rodríguez-Sanz J, Pérez-Bellmunt A. Effect of Load Distribution on Trunk Muscle Activity with Lunge Exercises in Amateur Athletes: Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060916. [PMID: 36981573 PMCID: PMC10048665 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of load distribution applied to the trunk musculature with lunge exercises has yet to be determined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of load placement using dumbbells on the activation of the latissimus dorsi, erector spinae, external oblique, and rectus abdominis muscles during the lunge. METHODS Forty-two amateur athletes (21 men and 21 women) were recruited. Three lunge exercises were performed with different loading arrangements (ipsilateral, contralateral, and bilateral). The principal variable recorded for muscle activity was mean "root mean square" expressed as the percentage of the maximal voluntary isometric contraction. RESULTS There are statistically significant differences in the erector spinae (p < 0.001; p < 0.003) and external oblique muscles (p < 0.009; p < 0.001) compared with the contralateral side. The muscle on the opposite side of the load achieved higher activation for these muscles. The erector spinae and latissimus dorsi muscle did not reach a statistically significant difference with the contralateral side in any exercise (p > 0.05). The higher activation of the latissimus dorsi occurred on the same side on which the load was placed. CONCLUSIONS There was higher activation of the erector spinae, external oblique, and rectus abdominis muscles contralateral to the side of load placement during lunge exercise by amateur athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos López-de-Celis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat International de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noé Labata-Lezaun
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat International de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Sergi Gassó-Villarejo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat International de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Erik Garcia-Ribell
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat International de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jacobo Rodríguez-Sanz
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat International de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Pérez-Bellmunt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat International de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
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Marquina M, Lorenzo-Calvo J, García-Sánchez C, de la Rubia A, Rivilla-García J, Ferro-Sánchez A. How Does Instability Affect Bench Press Performance? Acute Effect Analysis with Different Loads in Trained and Untrained Populations. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:sports11030067. [PMID: 36976953 PMCID: PMC10059034 DOI: 10.3390/sports11030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(I) The execution of different sports involves a significant number of throws, jumps, or direction changes, so the body must be as stable as possible while performing a specific action. However, there is no classification of unstable devices and their influence on performance variables. Furthermore, the effect on athletes’ experience using instability is unknown. (II) The aim of this study was to analyze the power and speed parameters in bench press with different loads and unstable executions: (1) stable (SB), (2) with asymmetric load (AB), (3) with unstable load (UB), (4) on fitball (FB) and (5) on a Bosu® (BB). A total of 30 male participants (15 trained and 15 untrained) were evaluated for mean propulsive speed (MPS), maximum speed (MS), and power (PW) with different types of external load: a low load (40% of 1RM), medium load (60% of 1RM), and high load (80% of 1RM) in each condition. Variables were measured with an inertial dynamometer. (III) The best data were evidenced with SB, followed by AB (3–12%), UB (4–11%), FB (7–19%), and BB (14–23%). There were no differences between groups and loads (p > 0.05) except in the case of MS with 60% 1RM, where trained participants obtained 4% better data (p < 0.05). (IV) Executions with implements and equipment such as fitball and Bosu® do not seem to be the most recommended when the objective is to improve power or execution speed. However, situations where the load is unstable (AB and UB) seem to be a good alternative to improve stabilization work without high performance. Furthermore, experience does not seem to be a determining factor.
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Steiner M, Baur H, Blasimann A. Sex-specific differences in neuromuscular activation of the knee stabilizing muscles in adults - a systematic review. Arch Physiother 2023; 13:4. [PMID: 36788637 PMCID: PMC9930324 DOI: 10.1186/s40945-022-00158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most common injuries of the knee. Women have a higher injury rate for ACL ruptures than men. Various indicators for this sex-specific difference are controversially discussed. AIM A systematic review of the literature that compares surface electromyography (EMG) values of adult female and male subjects to find out if there is a difference in neuromuscular activation of the knee stabilizing muscles. METHODS This systematic review has been guided and informed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies which examined sex-specific differences with surface EMG measurements (integral, root mean squares, mean values, analysis of time and amplitude) of the knee stabilizing muscles were retrieved via searches from the databases PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, CENTRAL and SPORTDiscus. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed with the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) study quality assessment tool. A synthesis of results was performed for relevant outcomes. RESULTS Fifteen studies with 462 healthy participants, 233 women (mean age 21.9 (± 2.29) years) and 299 men (mean age 22.6 (± 2.43) years), were included in the systematic review. The methodological quality of the studies was mostly rated "fair" (40%). A significantly higher activity of the muscles vastus lateralis and vastus medialis was found in females, in three studies. Two studies found significantly lower neuromuscular activity in the muscles biceps femoris and semitendinosus in females. All other included studies found no significant differences or reported even contradicting results. CONCLUSION The controversial findings do not allow for a concluding answer to the question of a sex-specific neuromuscular activation. Further research with higher statistical power and a more homogeneous methodical procedure (tasks and data normalisation) of the included studies may provide insight into possibly existing sex-specific differences in neuromuscular activation. This systematic review could help to improve the methodical design of future studies to get a more valid conclusion of the issue. TRIAL REGISTRATION CRD42020189504.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Steiner
- Division of Physiotherapy, Bern University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Professions, Bern (CH), Switzerland.
| | - Heiner Baur
- grid.424060.40000 0001 0688 6779Division of Physiotherapy, Bern University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Professions, Bern (CH), Switzerland
| | - Angela Blasimann
- grid.424060.40000 0001 0688 6779Division of Physiotherapy, Bern University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Professions, Bern (CH), Switzerland ,grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (BE), Belgium
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Sun H, Shao Z. ABDOMINAL CORE MUSCLE STRENGTH TRAINING IN BADMINTON PLAYERS. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Badminton is a sport of intense confrontation and variable transitions between attack and defense, where the athlete maintains an extreme body dynamic. Objective: Study the effects of abdominal core muscle strength training on badminton players. Methods: A screening method was used by randomly selecting 20 male badminton players. The effects of abdominal core muscle strength training and the athletes' specific skills were evaluated by a protocol after 10 weeks of strength training. Results: The results of the two groups were significantly different by t-test, p<0.05. Both improved in all indicators. The experimental group showed higher scores in 6 indicators than the control group, with p<0.01 having a highly significant difference. Conclusion: Abdominal core muscle strength training can effectively improve body stability, optimize the technical movements of badminton players, and play a positive role in body stability. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, China; Beijing Open University, China
| | - Zhe Shao
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
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36
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Quinn SL, Olivier B, McKinon W. The efficacy of injury screening for lower back pain in elite golfers. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2023; 79:1843. [PMID: 36873959 PMCID: PMC9982516 DOI: 10.4102/sajp.v79i1.1843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Injury prevention is a growing focus for golfers in general and for elite golfers in particular. Movement screening has been proposed as a possible cost-effective means of identifying underlying risk factors and is widely utilised by therapists, trainers and coaches. Objectives Our study aimed to establish whether results from movement screening were associated with subsequent lower back injury in elite golfers. Methods Our prospective longitudinal cohort study with one baseline time point included 41 injury-free young elite male golfers who underwent movement screening. After this, the golfers were monitored for 6 months for lower back pain. Results Seventeen golfers developed lower back pain (41%). Screening tests that were able to differentiate golfers who developed and those who did not develop lower back pain, included: rotational stability test on the non-dominant side (p = 0.01, effect size = 0.27), rotational stability test on the dominant side (p = 0.03; effect size = 0.29) and plank score (p = 0.03; effect size = 0.24). There were no differences observed in any other screening tests. Conclusion Out of 30 screening tests, only three tests were able to identify golfers not at risk of developing lower back pain. All three of these tests had weak effect sizes. Clinical implications Movement screening was not effective in identifying elite golfers at risk of lower back pain in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha-Lynn Quinn
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Benita Olivier
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Warrick McKinon
- Movement Physiology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
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Ha SY, Sung YH. Abdominal and lower extremity muscles activity and thickness in typically developing children and children with developmental delay. J Exerc Rehabil 2022; 18:369-375. [PMID: 36684535 PMCID: PMC9816619 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2244484.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated abdominal and lower extremity muscle activity and thickness in typically developing children and children with developmental delays. A total of 35 children participated: typically developing peers (n=13), children with hypotonia (n=10), and children with spasticity (n=12). Muscle activity and thickness were measured at rest and during activity. Electromyography was used to measure abdominal and lower extremity muscle activities, and abdominal muscle thickness was measured using ultrasonography. There was a significant difference between the groups in the activity of the rectus abdominis and quadriceps muscles at rest and during activity (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups in the thickness of the external oblique and transversus abdominis muscles during activity (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups in the thickness of the external oblique and internal oblique muscles in the sitting position (P<0.05). Therefore, the characteristics of muscle tone should be considered when applying interventions to children with developmental delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Ha
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Kyungnam University, Changwon,
Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Sung
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Kyungnam University, Changwon,
Korea,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Kyungnam University, Changwon,
Korea,Corresponding author: Yun-Hee Sung, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Kyungnam University, 7 Kyungnamdaehak-ro, Masanhappo-gu, Changwon 51767, Korea,
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Bauer J, Muehlbauer T. Effects of a 6 week core strengthening training on measures of physical and athletic performance in adolescent male sub-elite handball players. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:1037078. [PMID: 36419671 PMCID: PMC9676223 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.1037078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective was to investigate the effects of a 6-week core strengthening training within the regular handball training sessions compared to regular handball training only. Male sub-elite handball players were randomly assigned to an intervention (INT: n = 13; age: 16.9 ± 0.6 years) or a control (CON: n = 13; age: 17.2 ± 0.8 years) group. The INT group performed the "big 3" core exercises cross curls-up, side bridge (both sides), and the quadrupedal stance ("birddog exercise") triweekly for 20-30 min while the CON group conducted regular handball training only. Pre- and post-training assessments included measures of muscular endurance (Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test [CKCUEST] and the Bourban test), shoulder mobility/stability (Upper Quarter Y Balance [YBT-UQ] test), and throwing velocity. The ANCOVA revealed significant differences between means in favour of the INT group for the dorsal chain (p < 0.001,η p 2 = 0.46) and the lateral chain (left side: p = 0.015,η p 2 = 0.22; right side: p = 0.039,η p 2 = 0.17) of the Bourban test, the composite score (p = 0.024,η p 2 = 0.20) of the throwing arm reach and the inferolateral reach direction (p = 0.038,η p 2 = 0.17), and the composite score (p = 0.027,η p 2 = 0.19) of the non-throwing arm reach of the YBT-UQ. However, performance in the CKCUEST and throwing velocity did not show any group-specific changes. Therefore, 6 weeks of core strengthening training were effective in improving some components of physical but no handball-specific athletic (i.e., throwing velocity) performance in adolescent male sub-elite handball players. Practitioners may still opt for this training regimen when stimulus variability is sought or when a low load/low movement approach (e.g., during rehabilitation) is favoured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Bauer
- Division of Movement and Training Sciences/Biomechanics of Sport, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Sport Science, Human Performance Research Centre, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Thomas Muehlbauer
- Division of Movement and Training Sciences/Biomechanics of Sport, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Park C, Cho HY, Kang CK. Investigation of Structural Changes in Rectus Abdominis Muscle According to Curl-Up Angle Using Ultrasound with an Extended Field of View. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14525. [PMID: 36361406 PMCID: PMC9656726 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The rectus abdominis (RA) muscle is related to abdominal muscle contraction and is divided into three sub-sections. In this study, changes in each section according to the curl-up angles were measured using ultrasound with an extended field of view (EFOV) scan and compared with the conventional scan. The results showed that the locations of the measurement position center were consistently detected only with the EFOV scan and that the change ratios in thickness and length between sections at the same angles were not significantly different, suggesting that each section was selectively activated. Furthermore, the ratios of the thickness and length changes in each section were significantly different between the rest position and curl-up angles. Specifically, in the section 2 there was a significant difference in the thickness and length changes between different angles, reflecting the characteristics of RA during contraction, and their variations were less than in the section 3. Therefore, the results suggest that changes in only a section of RA cannot be representative of overall RA activation, EFOV scan method can be useful for investigating the structural characteristics of RA in detail, and the proposed method can obtain various information about muscle contraction for efficient muscle treatment and muscle strengthening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chansol Park
- Department of Health Science, Gachon University Graduate School, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Hwi-Young Cho
- Department of Health Science, Gachon University Graduate School, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Kang
- Department of Health Science, Gachon University Graduate School, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
- Department of Radiological Science, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
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40
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Marquina Nieto M, Rivilla-García J, de la Rubia A, Lorenzo-Calvo J. Assessment of the Speed and Power of Push-Ups Performed on Surfaces with Different Degrees of Instability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13739. [PMID: 36360619 PMCID: PMC9658261 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(I) Training in unstable conditions, with different elements, platforms, or situations, has been used because there is a significant increase in muscle activation, balance, proprioception, and even sports performance. However, it is not known how the devices used are classified according to performance variables, nor the differences according to instability experience. (II) This study aims to analyze the differences in power and speed in push-ups with different situations of instability in trained and untrained male subjects. Power and speed in push-up exercise were analyzed in 26 untrained and 25 trained participants in 6 different situations (one stable and five unstable) (1) stable (PS), (2) monopodal (PM), (3) rings (PR), (4) TRX® (PT), (5) hands-on Bosu® (PH) (6) feet on Bosu® (PF). The variables were analyzed using a linear position transducer. (III) The best data were evidenced with PS, followed by PR, PM, PT, PH and PF. The trained subjects obtained better results in all the conditions analyzed in mean and maximum power and speed values (p < 0.001). The decrease in these variables was significantly greater in the untrained subjects than in the trained subjects in the PR situation (8% and 18% respectively). In PF there were differences between groups (p < 0.001), reaching between 32-46% in all variables. The difference between the two groups was notable, varying between 12-58%. (IV) The results showed a negative and progressive influence of instability on power and speed in push-ups. This suggests that instability should be adapted to the subject's experience and is not advisable in untrained subjects who wish to improve power.
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Chang XQ, Chen XP, Shen YX, Wang K, Huang SJ, Qi Y, Niu WX. The deer play in Wuqinxi and four-point hand−knee kneeling positions for training core muscle function and spinal mobility. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:965295. [PMID: 36237219 PMCID: PMC9551037 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.965295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The four-point kneeling exercise is a core stabilization exercise that provides the spine with dynamic stability and neuromuscular control. In the traditional Chinese exercise Wuqinxi, deer play is performed in a hand−foot kneeling (HFK) position, which is remarkably similar to the four-point hand−knee kneeling (HKK) position. However, the differences in spinal function promotion between these two positions are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate muscle activation patterns and spinal kinematics during specific core stabilization training to provide evidence for selecting specific exercises. A total of 19 healthy adults were recruited to perform HFK and HKK. The rotation angle of the C7–T4 vertebra and the surface EMG signals of abdominal and lumbar muscles on both sides were collected. The paired t-test showed that the vertebral rotation angles were significantly higher during HKK than HFK, and the intra-group differences mainly occurred at the level of the thoracic vertebra. The muscle activation of both sides of the rectus abdominis and external oblique in HFK was significantly higher than in HKK when the upper limb was lifted (p < 0.05). The activation of the ipsilateral lumbar multifidus and erector spinae muscles was significantly higher during the HKK position than during HFK when the lower limb was lifted (p < 0.05). HFK provided more training for strengthening abdominal muscles, while HKK could be recommended for strengthening lumbar muscles and increasing spine mobility. These findings can be used to help physiotherapists, fitness coaches, and others to select specific core exercises and develop individualized training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qian Chang
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Peng Chen
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Xin Shen
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuan Wang
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shang-Jun Huang
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Qi
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Qi,
| | - Wen-Xin Niu
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Zhu H, Zhang D, Gao L, Liu H, Di Y, Xie B, Jiao W, Sun X. Effect of Pelvic Floor Workout on Pelvic Floor Muscle Function Recovery of Postpartum Women: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191711073. [PMID: 36078788 PMCID: PMC9517758 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a risk of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) from baby delivery. Many clinical guidelines recommend pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) as the conservative treatment for PFD because pelvic floor muscles (PFMs) play a crucial role in development of PFD. However, there is disagreement about the method and intensity of PFM training and the relevant measurements. To pilot the study in PFM training, we designed a Pelvic Floor Workout (PEFLOW) for women to train their pelvic through entire body exercises, and we planned a trial to evaluate its effectiveness through comparing the outcomes from a group of postpartum women who perform PELFLOW at home under professional guidance online with the control group. METHODS/DESIGN The randomized controlled trial was projected to be conducted from November 2021 to March 2023. A total of 260 postpartum women would be recruited from the obstetrics departments of the study hospital and women would be eligible for participation randomized into experimental or control groups (EG/CG) if their PFM strength are scaled by less than Modified Oxford grading Scale (MOS) to be less than grade 3. Women in EG would perform a 12-week PEFLOW online under the supervision and guidance of a physiotherapist, while women in CG would have no interventions. Assessments would be conducted at enrollment, post intervention (for EG) or 18th to 24th week postpartum (for CG), and 1 year postpartum. Assessment would be performed in terms of pelvic floor symptoms, including MOS, cough stress test, urinary leakage symptoms, pelvic organ prolapse quantitation (POP-Q), and vaginal relaxation, clinic examinations including Pelvic floor electrophysiological test, Pelvic floor ultrasound and Spine X-ray, overall body test including trunk endurance test, handgrip test, body composition test, and questionnaires including International Physical Activity Questionnaire Score-Short Form(IPAQ-SF), Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory Questionnaire-20 (PFDI-20), Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-7 (PFIQ-7), the 6-item Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-6), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Primary analysis will be performed to test our main hypothesis that PEFLOW is effective with respect to strengthen PFM strength. DISCUSSION This trial will demonstrate that pelvic floor-care is accessible to most women and clinical practice on PFD may change relevantly should this study find that Online PEFLOW approach is effective to improve PFMs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05218239.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, No. 11, Xi-Zhi-Men South Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100044, China
- Department of Sports medicine and rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, No.48, Xin Xi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100084, China
- The Key Laboratory of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, No. 11, Xi-Zhi-Men South Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100044, China
- The Key Laboratory of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, No. 11, Xi-Zhi-Men South Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100044, China
- The Key Laboratory of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Huixin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, No. 11, Xi-Zhi-Men South Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100044, China
- The Key Laboratory of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yonghui Di
- Department of Sports medicine and rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, No.48, Xin Xi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bing Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, No. 11, Xi-Zhi-Men South Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100044, China
- The Key Laboratory of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wei Jiao
- Department of Sports medicine and rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, No.48, Xin Xi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100084, China
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiuli Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People’s Hospital, No. 11, Xi-Zhi-Men South Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100044, China
- The Key Laboratory of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders, Beijing 100044, China
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (X.S.)
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Effects of Eight-Week Circuit Training with Core Exercises on Performance in Adult Male Soccer Players. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:1244-1256. [PMID: 36135224 PMCID: PMC9497503 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12090086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Core exercises have been widely promoted in the last 25 years. However, the scientific debate about its efficacy for improving individual and team sports performance is still open. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the effects of circuit training with a core exercise program on physical performance in competitive amateur soccer players. The training was conducted during the off-season period, two times per week for 8 weeks. Pre- and post-evaluations were conducted using the following tests: Y-Balance Test (YB), standing long jump (SLJ), medicine ball chest press (MBC), curl-up (CU), and Illinois Agility Test (IAT). A total of 19 adults were divided into an experimental group (EG, n = 11, age 22 years, weight 71.2 ± 4.8 kg, height 174 ± 5.8 cm) and a control group (CG, n = 8, age 22 years, weight 73.2 ± 4.1 Kg, height 176 ± 6.3 cm). The EG showed significant improvements in lower and upper body strength, core endurance and balance, whereas the CG did not report significant changes in the pre- and post-test comparison. Despite study limitations, our positive results show that circuit training with core exercises appears to be a good strategy for performance improvement in adult soccer players.
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Frett T, Lecheler L, Speer M, Marcos D, Pesta D, Tegtbur U, Schmitz MT, Jordan J, Green DA. Comparison of trunk muscle exercises in supine position during short arm centrifugation with 1 g at centre of mass and upright in 1 g. Front Physiol 2022; 13:955312. [PMID: 36060705 PMCID: PMC9428406 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.955312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Spaceflight is associated with reduced antigravitational muscle activity, which results in trunk muscle atrophy and may contribute to post-flight postural and spinal instability. Exercise in artificial gravity (AG) performed via short-arm human centrifugation (SAHC) is a promising multi-organ countermeasure, especially to mitigate microgravity-induced postural muscle atrophy. Here, we compared trunk muscular activity (mm. rectus abdominis, ext. obliques and multifidi), cardiovascular response and tolerability of trunk muscle exercises performed during centrifugation with 1 g at individual center of mass on a SAHC against standard upright exercising. We recorded heart rate, blood pressure, surface trunk muscle activity, motion sickness and rating of perceived exertion (BORG) of 12 participants (8 male/4 female, 34 ± 7 years, 178.4 ± 8.2 cm, 72.1 ± 9.6 kg). Heart rate was significantly increased (p < 0.001) during exercises without differences in conditions. Systolic blood pressure was higher (p < 0.001) during centrifugation with a delayed rise during exercises in upright condition. Diastolic blood pressure was lower in upright (p = 0.018) compared to counter-clockwise but not to clockwise centrifugation. Target muscle activation were comparable between conditions, although activity of multifidi was lower (clockwise: p = 0.003, counter-clockwise: p < 0.001) and rectus abdominis were higher (clockwise: p = 0.0023, counter-clockwise: < 0.001) during centrifugation in one exercise type. No sessions were terminated, BORG scoring reflected a relevant training intensity and no significant increase in motion sickness was reported during centrifugation. Thus, exercising trunk muscles during centrifugation generates comparable targeted muscular and heart rate response and appears to be well tolerated. Differences in blood pressure were relatively minor and not indicative of haemodynamic challenge. SAHC-based muscle training is a candidate to reduce microgravity-induced inter-vertebral disc pathology and trunk muscle atrophy. However, further optimization is required prior to performance of a training study for individuals with trunk muscle atrophy/dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Frett
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- *Correspondence: Timo Frett,
| | - Leopold Lecheler
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Dominik Pesta
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Uwe Tegtbur
- Hannover Medical School, Institutes of Sports Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marie-Therese Schmitz
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- Informatics and Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biometry, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Jordan
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- Chair of Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Andrew Green
- European Space Agency, Cologne, Germany
- King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Space Medicine Team, European Astronaut Centre, European Space Agency, Cologne, Germany
- KBRwyle GmbH, Cologne, Germany
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de Mello EC, Diniz LH, Lage JB, Ribeiro MF, Bevilacqua Junior DE, Rosa RC, Cardoso FAG, Ferreira AA, Ferraz MLF, Teixeira VDPA, Espindula AP. Analysis of Trunk Neuromuscular Activation During Equine-Assisted Therapy in Older Adults. Percept Mot Skills 2022; 129:1458-1476. [PMID: 35790385 DOI: 10.1177/00315125221112249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The three-dimensional movement of the horse in physical therapy is a valuable kinesio-therapeutic phenomenon that simultaneously affects several body systems, including particularly the neuromuscular system. However, the effects of equine-assisted services (EAS) on neuromuscular activation patterns in older adults have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we evaluated the impact of a 10-weeks EAS program on trunk muscles in older adults who used a saddle and placed their feet in stirrups for the first 15 minutes and out of stirrups for the remaining 15 minutes of 30-minute EAS sessions. We gathered electromyographic (EMG) data of the trunk muscles five times each on the first, fifth, and 10th sessions: pre-EAS and post-EAS on a stationary horse and at 1-minute, 15-minutes, and 30-minutes on a horse in motion. Participants were 20 adults, aged 60-79 years. We analyzed normalized EMG data with 5 (session time) by 3 (session number) analyses of variance (ANOVAs) with repeated measures and with Bonferroni's testing (p ≤ .05). There was a significant difference over the number of interventions for the right thoracic paravertebral muscle (p = .025) and session time effect for the left trapezius (p = .042), right thoracic paravertebral (p < .001), right and left multifidus (p < .001), and right and left rectus abdominis muscles (p < .001). Thus, trunk muscles in older adults showed complex neuromuscular activation synchronized with the horse's movement, which was influenced by session time and number of interventions. The practical implication of these findings is that EAS can reduce fall risk among elderly adults of both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edneia C de Mello
- Department of Oral Biology, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry of University of São Paulo, Brazil
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luanna H Diniz
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Janaine B Lage
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariane F Ribeiro
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Clinical Department, Association of Parents and Friends of the Exceptional, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Domingos E Bevilacqua Junior
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo C Rosa
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Antônio G Cardoso
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alex A Ferreira
- Department of Physiotherapy, School Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mara Lúcia F Ferraz
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vicente de Paula A Teixeira
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Espindula
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, School Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Effects of Core Training in Physical Fitness of Youth Karate Athletes: A Controlled Study Design. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105816. [PMID: 35627351 PMCID: PMC9141055 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse the impact of an 8-week core strength training (CST) programme in youth karate practitioners on core endurance, agility, flexibility, sprinting, jumping, and kick performance. This study followed a randomized parallel design. Twenty-nine participants (age: 12.86 ± 0.81 years old; height: 152.55 ± 10.37 cm; weight: 42.93 ± 8.85 kg) were allocated to a CST programme (n = 16) performed thrice weekly or to a control group (n = 13) only performing the sport-specific (karate) training. Participants were assessed three times (baseline, mid and post-intervention) for the following tests: (i) flexor endurance test (FET); (ii) back extensor test (BET); (iii) lateral musculature test (LMT); (iv) flexibility; (v) chance of direction (COD); (vi) countermovement jump (CMJ); (vii) back muscle strength (BMS); (viii) horizontal jump (LJ); (ix) sprint test; and (x) karate kick test (KKT). Between-group analysis revealed significant advantages for the CST group on the FET (p < 0.001), BET (p < 0.001), LMT (p < 0.001), 20 m sprint (p = 0.021) and KKT for right (p < 0.006) and left (p < 0.020) legs. No significant differences were found between groups in the remaining physical fitness variables (p > 0.05). The within-group changes revealed significant improvements in the CST group at flexibility (p = 0.002), COD (p < 0.001), CMJ (p < 0.001), BMS (p < 0.002), 20 m sprint (p = 0.033), and KKT (p < 0.001). In addition, within-group changes in the control group were also significant in flexibility (p = 0.024) and right kick (p < 0.042). We conclude that the CST programme improves core endurance and karate kick performance; however, it is not effective enough for other physical performance parameters in KR practitioners.
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Hornbuckle LM, Cooke WM, Rauer A, Barroso CS. African American Couples' Experiences during an Exercise Intervention Interrupted by the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Case Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074190. [PMID: 35409873 PMCID: PMC8998714 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exercise intervention researchers often struggle to transition participants from supervised/laboratory-based exercise to independent exercise. Research to inform this critical juncture remains underdeveloped. This qualitative case study investigated the transition from laboratory-based to home-based training in a subset of middle-aged and older African American couples whose exercise intervention experience was interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. All four couples (N = 8) whose study participation was interrupted participated in dyadic interviews by videoconference. Two investigators independently reviewed verbatim transcripts, and then used an iterative open coding approach to identify themes from the qualitative data. Three main themes were identified: (1) resistance training program modifications, (2) partner interactions, and (3) external pandemic-related factors. Each theme included both positive and negative feedback related to participants’ experiences. Overall, virtual, home-based training appeared acceptable and feasible in this group. Further research is needed to investigate the utility of virtual training to effectively transition participants from laboratory-based to independent exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndsey M. Hornbuckle
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, & Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-865-974-1288
| | - Wendy McLean Cooke
- Department of Child & Family Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (W.M.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Amy Rauer
- Department of Child & Family Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (W.M.C.); (A.R.)
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Oliva-Lozano JM, Conte D, Fortes V, Muyor JM. Exploring the Use of Player Load in Elite Soccer Players. Sports Health 2022; 15:61-66. [PMID: 35034515 PMCID: PMC9808829 DOI: 10.1177/19417381211065768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of this study were to (1) analyze the distribution of the player load (PLTOTAL) in 3 axes of movement (PLAP, anterior-posterior; PLML, medial-lateral; PLV, vertical) during elite soccer matches, (2) investigate the effect of playing position on PL-related variables, and (3) explore the association between PLTOTAL and distance covered by the players. HYPOTHESIS Despite different load distribution between axes of movement, PLTOTAL might be used as a body load indicator for all playing positions. STUDY DESIGN Longitudinal study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3. METHODS Data were collected from elite soccer players using WIMU Pro tracking systems, which included inertial sensors. RESULTS The axis of movement had a significant effect on the distribution of the load (P < 0.001; conditional R2 = 0.91), with the greatest contribution from the PLV (P < 0.001; d = 5.41-5.86). Moreover, no effect of playing position on PLTOTAL, PLV, PLML, or PLAP was observed (P > 0.05). Finally, a large correlation was found between PLTOTAL and distance covered, and the linear mixed model showed that distance may be predicted by the PLTOTAL (conditional R2 = 0.81; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Differences in load distribution were based on the axis of movement, although playing position had no effect on any variable. The selection of either distance covered, which is representative of a 2-dimensional analysis, or PLTOTAL, which is representative of a 3-dimensional analysis, may be adequate for monitoring locomotor demands or accelerometer-derived load. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Training strategies that focus on the vertical component of match play should be adopted. In addition, given that PLTOTAL is an accelerometry-based metric, which combines the accelerations in anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, and vertical planes, strength and conditioning coaches may use this parameter as a measure of total body load.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Oliva-Lozano
- Health Research Centre, University of
Almería, Almería, Spain
- José M. Oliva-Lozano, MSc,
University of Almería, Edificio Central A. Carretera Sacramento s/n, La Cañada
de San Urbano, Almería, 04120, Spain ()
(Twitter: @jmolivalozano)
| | - Daniele Conte
- Institute of Sport Science and
Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - José M. Muyor
- Health Research Centre, University of
Almería, Almería, Spain
- Laboratory of Kinesiology, Biomechanics
and Ergonomics (KIBIOMER Lab), Research Central Services, University of Almería,
Almería, Spain
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49
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Interrater Reliability of an Observational Rating Scale and Video Analysis of Yoga Poses. J Sport Rehabil 2021; 31:246-252. [PMID: 34560666 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2021-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Yoga is increasingly popular, not only as a form of recreational exercise but also as a physician-recommended intervention for health conditions. While serious adverse effects accompanying yoga practice are rare, poses that involve upper-extremity weight-bearing have a high risk of discomfort. To better understand factors contributing to adverse effects, there is a critical need for robust instruments that objectively evaluate pose performance. The purpose of this study was to assess the interrater reliability of an observational scale developed to assess the alignment of 3 yoga poses. DESIGN Cross-sectional experimental study. METHODS Thirty-eight individuals were given standardized instructions and performed 3 poses (Downward Dog, Plank, and Side Plank). Lateral videos were rated by 2 raters. A rating scale evaluating the alignment of 7 regions was developed by the study team with input from yoga teachers. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the percentage of subjects showing ideal alignment and deviations. Interrater reliability was quantified using Cohen kappa coefficient (κ). RESULTS In Downward Dog, the prevalence of ideal alignment was 20%, 28%, and 37%, at the neck, shoulder, and back, respectively; κ ranged from .44 to .69. In Plank, the prevalence of ideal alignment was 31%, 45%, and 54% at the neck, shoulder, and back, respectively; κ ranged from .47 to .95. In Side Plank, the prevalence of ideal alignment was 16, 41%, and 24%, at the neck, shoulder, and back, respectively; κ ranged from .20 to .84. CONCLUSION The observational scale found a high prevalence of deviations, and demonstrated fair to substantial interrater agreement.
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50
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Comparative analysis of core muscle activation according to the use of props and the different knee angle during the modified Pilates Hundred. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2021; 27:529-534. [PMID: 34391282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are not so many Pilates studies related to muscle activation. Since the effectiveness and efficiency of the Pilates Hundred to muscle activation has recently emerged, it is necessary to investigate the effects of the Pilates Hundred on core muscles. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine what difference occurs in the muscle activity, during the Pilates Hundred, to suggest the optimal props for muscle function improvement and then to provide data for the efficient exercise program. METHODS Twenty-eight men in their twenties who were able to fully conduct Pilates Hundred. According to the difference between the small tool application (no prop: NP, soft ball mini: SB, Pilates ring: PR) and the knee joint angle (90° and 180°), muscle activations of rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), rectus femoris (RF), lateral muscle (vastus lateralis: VL), medial muscle (vastus medialis: VM), biceps femoris (BF), and semitendinosus (ST) were measured by the using surface electromyography (EMG) while different exercise conditions. RESULTS During Pilates Hundred, the use of tools was found to be more effective in activating the core muscle (NP < SB < PR). During Pilates Hundred, 180° of knee angle had more influence on core muscle activation than 90°, and knee angle and props use showed an interaction for activating core muscles. CONCLUSION The Pilates Hundred with PR and 180° knee angle intervention can increase core muscle activation, and this leads to effective Pilates exercise program for those who need to enhance core muscle volume and function and to rehabilitate core muscles.
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