Relationship of MTHFR gene polymorphisms with renal and cardiac disease

Figure 1 Odds to renal failure-hemodialysis. Comparison of the wild MTHFR genotype in dialysis patients (36/160; 22.5%) vs the No-HD group (58/470; 12.3%): P < 0.003; OR = 2.062 (95%CI: 1.3-3.273), i.e., the wild MTHFR genotype bears a double risk of renal failure in comparison with all MTHFR polymorphisms and a four-fold risk vs the Homozygous C677T MTHFR polymorphism. The individual odds of renal failure, according to the specific MTHFR polymorphism status are as follows (hemodialysis patients 160 vs No-HD group 470) are not significant, with the exception of the Homozygous C677T MTHFR polymorphism which exhibits a protective behavior. Heterozygous C677T (28/160 vs 90/470); P = NS. OR = 0.896 (95%CI: 0.561-1.43); Heterozygous A1298C (20/160 vs 56/470); P = NS. OR = 1.056 (95%CI: 0.612-1.822); Compound Heterozygous C677T and A1298C (40/160 vs 118/470); P = NS. OR = 0.994 (95%CI: 0.657-1.505); Homozygous A1298C (20/160 vs 62/470); P = NS. OR = 0.94 (95%CI: 0.548-1.612); Homozygous C677T (16/160 vs 88/470); P = 0.015. OR = 0.482 (95%CI: 0.274-0.85). MTHFR: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase; OR: Odds ratio; NS: Not significant.

Figure 2 Venn diagram showing proportionally the overlap of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genetic polymorphisms A1298C and C677T with the wild one. The three groups have very relevant overlaps in the studied population. MTHFR: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase.

Figure 3 Odds to left ventricular hypertrophy (increased left ventricular myocardial mass assessed by echocardiography). Comparison of prevalence of LVH within the wild MTHFR genotype (12/94; 12.7%) vs the polymorphism MTHFR group (131/470; 27.9%): OR = 0.3787; 95%CI: 0.2000 to 0.7171; Z statistic 2.981; P = 0.0029, i.e., the wild MTHFR genotype bears a significantly lower risk of LVH in comparison with all MTHFR polymorphisms. The individual odds of LVH, according to the specific MTHFR polymorphism status are as follows: Heterozygous C677T (12/94; 12.7% vs 36/118); OR = 3.0000, 95%CI: 1.4581 to 6.1725, Z statistic 2.985, P = 0.0028; Heterozygous A1298C (12/94; 12.7% vs 18/76); OR = 2.1207, 95%CI: 0.9490 to 4.7393, Z statistic 1.832, P = 0.0669; Compound Heterozygous C677T and A1298C (12/94; 12.7% vs 44/154); OR = 2.7333, 95%CI: 1.3581 to 5.5012, Z statistic 2.818, P = 0.0048; Homozygous A1298C (12/94; 12.7% vs 13/80); OR = 1.3259, 95%CI: 0.5676 to 3.0972, Z statistic 0.652, P = 0.5146; Homozygous C677T (12/94; 12.7% vs 20/104); OR = 1.6270, 95%CI: 0.7475 to 3.5410, Z statistic 1.227, P = 0.2199. LVH: Left ventricular hypertrophy; MTHFR: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase; OR: Odds ratio.