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Wakamatsu K, Fukushima S, Minagawa A, Omodaka T, Hida T, Hatta N, Takata M, Uhara H, Okuyama R, Ihn H. Significance of 5- S-Cysteinyldopa as a Marker for Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E432. [PMID: 31936623 PMCID: PMC7013534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most lethal and malignant cancers and its incidence is increasing worldwide, and Japan is not an exception. Although there are numerous therapeutic options for melanoma, the prognosis is still poor once it has metastasized. The main concern after removal of a primary melanoma is whether it has metastasized, and early detection of metastatic melanoma would be effective in improving the prognosis of patients. Thus, it is very important to identify reliable methods to detect metastases as early as possible. Although many prognostic biomarkers (mainly for metastases) of melanoma have been reported, there are very few effective for an early diagnosis. Serum and urinary biomarkers for melanoma diagnosis have especially received great interest because of the relative ease of sample collection and handling. Several serum and urinary biomarkers appear to have significant potential both as prognostic indicators and as targets for future therapeutic methods, but still there are no efficient serum and urinary biomarkers for early detection, accurate diagnosis and prognosis, efficient monitoring of the disease and reliable prediction of survival and recurrence. Levels of 5-S-cysteinyldopa (5SCD) in the serum or urine as biomarkers of melanoma have been found to be significantly elevated earlier and to reflect melanoma progression better than physical examinations, laboratory tests and imaging techniques, such as scintigraphy and echography. With recent developments in the treatment of melanoma, studies reporting combinations of 5SCD levels and new applications for the treatment of melanoma are gradually increasing. This review summarizes the usefulness of 5SCD, the most widely used and well-known melanoma marker in the serum and urine, compares 5SCD and other useful markers, and finally its application to other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (S.F.); (H.I.)
| | - Akane Minagawa
- Department of Dermatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (A.M.); (T.O.); (R.O.)
| | - Toshikazu Omodaka
- Department of Dermatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (A.M.); (T.O.); (R.O.)
| | - Tokimasa Hida
- Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1, West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan; (T.H.); (H.U.)
| | - Naohito Hatta
- Department of Dermatology, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, 2-2-78 Nishinagae, Toyama, Toyama 930-8550, Japan;
| | - Minoru Takata
- Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikada-cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan;
| | - Hisashi Uhara
- Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1, West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan; (T.H.); (H.U.)
| | - Ryuhei Okuyama
- Department of Dermatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (A.M.); (T.O.); (R.O.)
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (S.F.); (H.I.)
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Kouotou EA, Folefack FK, Tatsa JT, Sieleunou I, Njingang JRN, Ashuntantang G, Bissek ACZK. [Epidemiological and clinical profile of skin damages in black African patients on chronic hemodialysis]. Pan Afr Med J 2016; 25:142. [PMID: 28292104 PMCID: PMC5326034 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2016.25.142.7193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dermatologic manifestations are common among patients on chronic hemodialysis and may represent systemic involvement. Our study aims to determine the epidemiological and clinical profile of skin damages in black patients living in Yaounde, Cameroon. METHODS We conducted a cross sectional study including all patients receiving chronic haemodialysis treatment for at least 3 months in two hemodialysis centers in Yaounde from February to May 2014. Patients underwent an interview and a dermatological examination. Chi-squared tests and Student's t-test (or equivalents) were used for statistical analysis, with significance level at p <0.05. RESULTS A total of 112 patients (78 (69.9%) men) with an average age of 48.6 ± 13 years and a mean duration of dialysis of 46,3 ± 37 months were included in the study. Skin lesions were present in 94 (83.9%) patients. Xerosis (63.3%), pruritus (37.5%), melanoderma (34.8%), acne (12.5%) and half and half nails (10.7%) were the most common dermatologic manifestations. Xerosis was associated with anuria (p = 0.0001) and advanced age (p = 0.032); melanoderma was associated with anuria (p = 0.042) and time spent on dialysis (p = 0.027) while half and half nails were associated with young age (p = 0.018) and biweekly dialysis (p = 0.01 ). CONCLUSION Skin damages are frequent and dominated by xerosis, pruritus and melanoderma in patients on chronic hemodialysis living in Yaounde. Biweekly dialysis, advanced age, anuria and time spent on dialysis were associated factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Armand Kouotou
- Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroun; Hôpital Général de Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroun; Département de Médecine Interne et Spécialités, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - François Kaze Folefack
- Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroun; Département de Médecine Interne et Spécialités, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Joël Tameyi Tatsa
- Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroun; Hôpital Général de Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroun; Département de Médecine Interne et Spécialités, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | | | - Jobert Richie Nansseu Njingang
- Département de Médecine Interne et Spécialités, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroun; Unité de Prise en Charge de la Drépanocytose, Centre Mère et Enfant de la Fondation Chantal Biya, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Gloria Ashuntantang
- Hôpital Général de Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroun; Département de Médecine Interne et Spécialités, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Anne-Cécile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek
- Département de Médecine Interne et Spécialités, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroun
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Gursu M, Uzun S, Topcuoğlu D, Koc LK, Yucel L, Sumnu A, Cebeci E, Ozkan O, Behlul A, Koc L, Ozturk S, Kazancioglu R. Skin disorders in peritoneal dialysis patients: An underdiagnosed subject. World J Nephrol 2016; 5:372-377. [PMID: 27458566 PMCID: PMC4936344 DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v5.i4.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To examine all skin changes in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients followed up in our unit.
METHODS: Patients on PD program for at least three months without any known chronic skin disease were included in the study. Patients with already diagnosed skin disease, those who have systemic diseases that may cause skin lesions, patients with malignancies and those who did not give informed consent were excluded from the study. All patients were examined by the same predetermined dermatologist with all findings recorded. The demographic, clinical and laboratory data including measures of dialysis adequacy of patients were recorded also. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows 16.0 standard version was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS: Among the patients followed up in our PD unit, those without exclusion criteria who gave informed consent, 38 patients were included in the study with male/female ratio and mean age of 26/12 and 50.3 ± 13.7 years, respectively. The duration of CKD was 7.86 ± 4.16 years and the mean PD duration was 47.1 ± 29.6 mo. Primary kidney disease was diabetic nephropathy in 11, nephrosclerosis in six, uropathologies in four, chronic glomerulonephritis in three, chronic pyelonephritis in three, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in three patients while cause was unknown in eight patients. All patients except for one patient had at least one skin lesion. Loss of lunula, onychomycosis and tinea pedis are the most frequent skin disorders recorded in the study group. Diabetic patients had tinea pedis more frequently (P = 0.045). No relationship of skin findings was detected with primary renal diseases, comorbidities and medications that the patients were using.
CONCLUSION: Skin abnormalities are common in in PD patients. The most frequent skin pathologies are onychomycosis and tinea pedis which must not be overlooked.
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Shibata M, Nagai K, Doi T, Tawada H, Taniguchi S. Blood color is influenced by inflammation and independently predicts survival in hemodialysis patients: quantitative evaluation of blood color. Artif Organs 2012; 36:992-8. [PMID: 22845854 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2012.01490.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Blood color of dialysis patients can be seen routinely. Darkened blood color is often observed in critically ill patients generally because of decreased oxygen saturation, but little is known about the other factors responsible for the color intensity. In addition, quantitative blood color examination has not been performed yet. Therefore, no one has evaluated the predictive power of blood color. The aim of this study was to evaluate if blood color darkness reflects some medical problems and is associated with survival disadvantage. Study design is a prospective cohort study. One hundred sixty-seven patients were enrolled in this study. Quantification of blood color was done using a reflected light colorimeter. Demographic and clinical data were collected to find out the factors that can be related to blood color. Follow-ups were performed for 2 years to analyze the risk factors for their survival. Regression analysis showed that C-reactive protein and white blood cell count were negatively correlated with blood color. In addition, blood color was positively correlated with mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and serum sodium concentration as well as blood oxygen saturation. During a follow-up, 34 (20.4%) patients died. Cox regression analysis revealed that darkened blood color was an independent significant risk factor of mortality in hemodialysis patients as well as low albumin and low Kt/V. These results suggest that inflammation independently affects blood color and quantification of blood color is useful to estimate prognosis in patients undergoing hemodialysis. It is possible that early detection of blood color worsening can improve patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Shibata
- Department of Hemodialysis, Koujukai Rehabilitation Hospital, Aichi, Japan
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Shibata M, Nagai K, Usami K, Tawada H, Taniguchi S. The quantitative evaluation of online haemodiafiltration effect on skin hyperpigmentation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010; 26:988-92. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfq479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hwang CY, Lin CS, Tseng ML, Liu HN. Spotted leucoderma after treatment of facial hyperpigmentation on hemodialysis patients employing 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. J COSMET LASER THER 2009; 12:47-50. [PMID: 19929290 DOI: 10.3109/14764170903352886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of skin hyperpigmentation in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) have been well documented. However, the cosmetic concern was neither valued seriously nor treated effectively in the past. We report a female case who suffered from facial hyperpigmentation (FH). She was treated by large-spot sized, 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (QSNYL). A significant improvement was found after three treatment sessions at a fluence of 3.9 J/cm(2) with 8-day intervals, but spotted leucoderma developed at the fourth visit. Neither residual FH nor spotted leucoderma subsequently improved following two additional sessions of 1064-nm QSNYL at a lower fluence with topical hydroquinone and HeNe laser, and it persisted at the 1-year follow-up. This clinically specific round-shaped leucoderma suggested laser-induced damage to melanocytes due to unsuitable application. The 1064-nm QSNYL with a large spot size and an appropriate parameter may become an effective therapeutic modality if properly utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chian-Yaw Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei General Veterans Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chen HY, Kao TW, Chiu YL, Huang JW, Lai CF, Tsai TF, Chu TS, Wu KD. Skin Color is Associated with Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. Perit Dial Int 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/089686080902900413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Changes in skin color are common among dialysis patients. They are associated with urochrome pigments, hemoglobin, and changes in cutaneous vasculature. Insulin resistance (IR) is strongly linked to cutaneous vascular dysfunction and is prevalent in dialysis patients. We postulated skin color may be associated with IR in dialysis patients because of the alternation in cutaneous vasculature. Methods 50 nondiabetic peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients were recruited for measurements of skin color by the Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage (CIE; International Commission on Illumination) system (“L” “a” “b” system). The “L” values represent skin brightness, “a” redness, and “b” yellowness. Correlation analysis between skin color, homeostatic model assessment (HOMAIR), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and adiponectin was performed. Results We divided patients (age 45 ± 13 years, 31 women) into 3 groups according to tertiles of HOMAIR. Patients with higher HOMAIR had a trend to have poor skin color (lower “a” and “b” values; p = 0.038 and 0.064). HOMAIR, adiponectin, and HDL-C levels were correlated with “a” and “b” values in logarithm (all p < 0.05). After adjustments for age, hemoglobin level, duration of PD, and residual renal glomerular filtration rate, only HOMAIR was associated with “a” values ( p = 0.038) and HDL-C was associated with “b” values ( p = 0.048) in logarithm. Conclusions Skin color, measured noninvasively, is associated with HOMAIR and HDL-C. Nondiabetic PD patients that had more severe IR had worse skin color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yuan Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Wah Kao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Wen Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Fu Lai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsen-Fang Tsai
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Shinn Chu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kwan-Dun Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Moon SJ, Kim DK, Chang JH, Kim CH, Kim HW, Park SY, Han SH, Lee JE, Yoo TH, Han DS, Kang SW. The impact of dialysis modality on skin hyperpigmentation in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 24:2803-9. [PMID: 19342419 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfp143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin hyperpigmentation in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients has been attributed to the accumulation of middle-molecular-weight (MMW) substances. Although an MMW mechanism suggests that hyperpigmentation may be improved by high-flux haemodialysis (HF-HD) and haemodiafiltration (HDF), this possibility has not been explored. In the present study, we investigated the impact of different dialysis modalities on skin colour in HD patients. METHODS Eighty-two ESRD patients on HD were divided into low-flux HD (LF-HD), HF-HD and HDF groups. The melanin index (MI) and erythema index (EI) of the abdomen and the flexor side of the forearm (non-sun-exposed areas) and the forehead (sun-exposed area) were determined by using a narrow-band reflectance spectrophotometer at baseline and after 12 months. RESULTS Even though absolute values of baseline and follow-up MI and EI of the three sites were comparable among the three groups, forehead MI and EI were significantly decreased after 12 months in the HDF group (P < 0.05). In addition, the change in forehead MI was significantly greater in the HDF than in the LF-HD group (-1.0 +/- 2.4% versus 0.3 +/- 1.6%, P < 0.05). Moreover, beta(2)-microglobulin reduction rates were negatively correlated with both changes in forehead MI (P < 0.01) and EI (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Skin colour of sun-exposed areas was signi- ficantly decreased in ESRD patients receiving HDF therapy, suggesting that enhanced removal of MMW substances by convection may prevent or reduce hyperpigmentation in HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jin Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Murakami K, Wakamatsu K, Nakanishi Y, Takahashi H, Sugiyama S, Ito S. Serum Levels of Pigmentation Markers Are Elevated in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis. Blood Purif 2007; 25:483-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000112516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Accepted: 08/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sherman RA. Briefly noted. Semin Dial 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-139x.2007.00325.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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