Magnetic resonance imaging of the transplanted pediatric heart as a potential predictor of rejection

Table 1 Patient characteristics

	Controls	No rejection (0R/1R)	Rejection (2R)
Number	14	25	5
Female (%)	8 (57)	10 (40)	1 (20)
Days post-transplant	-	702 (78, 1797)	160 (12, 800)
Age at CMR (yr)	12.8 (9.2, 15.3)	13.6 (2.2, 17)	7.7 (1.6, 17.5)
HR	71 (57, 84)	96b (82, 126)	108d (101, 130)
BNP	9.2 (5, 12.9)	38.7f (5, 81.6)	59.9g (14.9, 202)

Data shown as number (percentage) or median (10^th, 90^th percentiles). Significantly different compared to controls,

^bP = 5.76E-05,

^dP = 0.005,

^fP = 0.005,

^gP = 0.03. There were no significant differences between the transplanted rejection groups. HR: Heart rate in beats per minute; BNP: Brain natriuretic peptide in ng/L; CMR: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.

Table 2 Ventricular volumes, function and mass

	Controls	No rejection (0R/1R)	Rejection (2R)
Number	14	25	5
RVEDVi (mL/m2)	98.5 (85.7, 120.4)	86.6 (64.1, 124.4)	80.6a (68.1, 102.7)
RVESVi (mL/m2)	50.5 (33.9, 56.1)	44.1 (30.7, 77)	41 (34.9, 55.4)
RVEF (%)	53.4 (48, 60)	50 (41, 57)	47.4 (40, 56)
LVEDVi (mL/m2)	93 (79.2, 104)	85.2 (58.9, 112)	74.1c (73.7, 85)
LVESVi (mL/m2)	40.3 (29.8, 45)	37.5 (24.6, 60.9)	33.8 (27.2, 52)
LVEF (%)	58.8 (53.2, 63)	54e (46, 64)	56 (36, 63)
LV mass (g/m2)	53.5 (45.8, 61)	61.5h (50, 84.6)	66.1 (48, 80)

Data shown as median (10^th, 90^th percentiles) except for number. Significantly different compared to controls,

^aP = 0.03,

^cP = 0.02,

^eP = 0.05,

^hP = 0.003. There were no significant differences between the transplant rejection groups. RVEDVi: Right ventricular end-diastolic volume indexed to recipient body surface area; RVESVi: Right ventricular end-systolic volume indexed to recipient body surface area; RVEF: Right ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDVi: Left ventricular end-diastolic volume indexed to recipient body surface area; LVESVi: Left ventricular end-systolic volume indexed to recipient body surface area; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; LV mass: Left ventricular mass indexed to recipient body surface area; CMR: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.

Table 3 T1 and extracellular volume data for heart transplant patients

	No rejection (0R/1R)	Rejection (2R)
Number	18	4
Female (%)	8 (44)	1 (25)
Days post-transplant	485 (13, 1818)	142 (12, 800)
Age at CMR (yr)	13.2 (1.4, 16.9)	5.3 (1.6, 16.8)
Native T1 (ms)
IVS	1008 (963, 1067)	976 (967, 1026)
LV free wall	988 (903, 1018)	978 (924, 1016)
Entire LV	991 (930, 1031)	978 (944, 1020)
Hematocrit	0.37 (0.26, 0.44)	0.35 (0.29, 0.38)
ECV
IVS	0.3 (0.26, 0.34)	0.29 (0.26, 0.33)
LV free wall	0.27 (0.24, 0.34)	0.28 (0.25, 0.31)
Entire LV	0.29 (0.26, 0.33)	0.29 (0.27, 0.32)

Data shown as number (percentage) or median (10^th, 90^th percentiles). There were no significant differences between the groups. ECV: Extracellular volume; IVS: Interventricular septum; LV: Left ventricle.