Hypertension in kidney transplant recipients

Table 1 Summary of guidelines for the management of hypertension in kidney transplant recipients

Ref.	Threshold for pharmacological treatment	Target blood pressure	Recommendations on 24-h ABPM	Recommendations for KTRs
Whelton et al[9], 2018	≥ 130/80 mmHg for primary prevention if estimated 10-yr ASCVD risk ≥ 10% and for secondary prevention if known CVD; ≥ 140/90 mmHg for primary prevention if no history of CVD and estimated 10-yr ASCVD risk < 10%	< 130/80 mmHg	Advised to exclude white coat and masked hypertension	In the absence of trials comparing different BP targets in KTRs, treatment targets for BP should probably be similar to the general CKD population; CCBs recommended as first line therapy on the basis of improved GFR and kidney survival; RAASi reserved for subset of patients with other comorbidities (proteinuria or heart failure)
KDIGO Blood Pressure Work Group[11], 2021	≥ 130/80 mmHg using standardized office BP measurement	< 130/80 mmHg using standardized office BP measurement	Out-of-office BP measurements with ABPM or home BP monitoring recommended to complement standardized office BP readings (2B)	Use of a dihydropyridine CCB or an ARB recommended as the first-line antihypertensive agent in adult KTRs (1C)

ABPM: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; ARB: Angiotensin receptor blocker; ASCVD: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; BP: Blood pressure; CCB: Calcium channel blocker; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; CVD: Cardiovascular disease; GFR: Glomerular filtration rate; KDIGO: Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes; KTRs: Kidney transplant recipients; RAASi: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor.