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Aung LM, Renn TY, Chin-Yi Lin J, Salamanca E, Wu YF, Pan YH, Teng NC, Huang HM, Sun YS, Chang WJ. Improving osteogenic properties of zirconia ceramic via glow discharge plasma-enhanced deposition of amine organic compound. J Dent Sci 2025; 20:178-188. [PMID: 39873036 PMCID: PMC11762666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2024.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Osseointegration potential is greatly depended on the interaction between bone cells and dental implant surface. Since zirconia ceramic has a bioinert surface, functionalization of the surface with an organic compound allylamine was conducted to overcome its drawback of minimal interaction with the surrounding bone. Materials and methods The zirconia surface was initially treated with argon glow discharge plasma (GDP), then combined with amine plasma at three different conditions of 50-W, 75-W and 85-W, to prepare the final samples. The surface characteristics and cell biocompatibility were then evaluated. Results Surface morphology analysis revealed a bulbous pattern on allylamine-treated sample groups. The aromatic C-H, C-O, N-H, C ˆ C, and C-H stretching and functional groups have been identified. Surface roughness increased, and hydrophilicity improved after surface modification. Cell viability analysis showed the highest result for the allylamine 50-W (A50) group. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay indicated the A50 group had the highest activity, subsequently promoting late-stage mineralization at day 21. The reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) data demonstrated a significant upregulation of osteogenic gene expressions from day 1 to day 21. Conclusion The allylamine-treated surface demonstrates immense enhancement in the surface hydrophilicity as well as in the viability, differentiation, and osteogenic properties of osteoblast-like cells. This makes it a promising candidate for future dental implant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lwin Moe Aung
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yi Renn
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jerry Chin-Yi Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eisner Salamanca
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Wu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ming-Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hwa Pan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chia Teng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Haw-Ming Huang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Sui Sun
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jen Chang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Dental Department, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Seemann S, Dubs M, Koczan D, Salapare HS, Ponche A, Pieuchot L, Petithory T, Wartenberg A, Staehlke S, Schnabelrauch M, Anselme K, Nebe JB. Response of Osteoblasts on Amine-Based Nanocoatings Correlates with the Amino Group Density. Molecules 2023; 28:6505. [PMID: 37764281 PMCID: PMC10534789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased life expectancy in industrialized countries is causing an increased incidence of osteoporosis and the need for bioactive bone implants. The integration of implants can be improved physically, but mainly by chemical modifications of the material surface. It was recognized that amino-group-containing coatings improved cell attachment and intracellular signaling. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the amino group density in this positive cell behavior by developing controlled amino-rich nanolayers. This work used covalent grafting of polymer-based nanocoatings with different amino group densities. Titanium coated with the positively-charged trimethoxysilylpropyl modified poly(ethyleneimine) (Ti-TMS-PEI), which mostly improved cell area after 30 min, possessed the highest amino group density with an N/C of 32%. Interestingly, changes in adhesion-related genes on Ti-TMS-PEI could be seen after 4 h. The mRNA microarray data showed a premature transition of the MG-63 cells into the beginning differentiation phase after 24 h indicating Ti-TMS-PEI as a supportive factor for osseointegration. This amino-rich nanolayer also induced higher bovine serum albumin protein adsorption and caused the cells to migrate slower on the surface after a more extended period of cell settlement as an indication of a better surface anchorage. In conclusion, the cell spreading on amine-based nanocoatings correlated well with the amino group density (N/C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Seemann
- Institute for Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany (J.B.N.)
| | - Manuela Dubs
- Department of Biomaterials, INNOVENT e.V., 07745 Jena, Germany; (M.D.); (A.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Dirk Koczan
- Department of Immunology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Hernando S. Salapare
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS, Université de Haute-Alsace, UMR 7361, 68100 Mulhouse, France (A.P.); (L.P.); (T.P.); (K.A.)
| | - Arnaud Ponche
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS, Université de Haute-Alsace, UMR 7361, 68100 Mulhouse, France (A.P.); (L.P.); (T.P.); (K.A.)
| | - Laurent Pieuchot
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS, Université de Haute-Alsace, UMR 7361, 68100 Mulhouse, France (A.P.); (L.P.); (T.P.); (K.A.)
| | - Tatiana Petithory
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS, Université de Haute-Alsace, UMR 7361, 68100 Mulhouse, France (A.P.); (L.P.); (T.P.); (K.A.)
| | - Annika Wartenberg
- Department of Biomaterials, INNOVENT e.V., 07745 Jena, Germany; (M.D.); (A.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Susanne Staehlke
- Institute for Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany (J.B.N.)
| | | | - Karine Anselme
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS, Université de Haute-Alsace, UMR 7361, 68100 Mulhouse, France (A.P.); (L.P.); (T.P.); (K.A.)
| | - J. Barbara Nebe
- Institute for Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany (J.B.N.)
- Department Life, Light & Matter, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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Koyama C, Hirota M, Okamoto Y, Iwai T, Ogawa T, Hayakawa T, Mitsudo K. A nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate inhibits osteoblast attachment and impairs bone healing in bone-compatible scaffold. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 104:103635. [PMID: 32174393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Compromised osteoblast attachment on hydroxyapatite could be involved in the development of bone healing failure. We developed a bone-compatible scaffold that mimics bone structure with sub-micron hydroxyapatite (HA) surfaces, so that we could evaluate the effects of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (N-BP) on osteoblast behavior and bone healing. Human osteoblasts were seeded onto the bone-compatible scaffold with or without N-BP, and cell attachment and spreading behavior were evaluated 4 and 24 h after seeding. Then, mineralization was evaluated at 7 and 14 days. The osteoconductive activity of the scaffold was evaluated by implantation for 3 and 6 weeks into a rat cranial bone defect. The numbers of osteoblasts and their diameters were significantly less in N-BP-binding scaffolds than in untreated scaffolds at 4 and 24 h. Mineralization were also significantly less in the N-BP-binding scaffolds than in controls at 7 and 14 days. In vivo study revealed bone formation in N-BP-binding scaffolds was significantly less than in untreated scaffolds at 3 and 6 weeks. These results suggest that N-BP-binding to HA inhibited osteoblast attachment and spreading, thereby compromising bone healing process in the injured bone defect site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Koyama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Yoshiyuki Okamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Toshinori Iwai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ogawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Implant Sciences, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, Biomaterials and Hospital Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Box 951668, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1668, USA
| | - Tohru Hayakawa
- Department of Dental Engineering, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Kenji Mitsudo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
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Preparation of a Biofunctionalized Surface on Titanium for Biomedical Applications: Surface Properties, Wettability Variations, and Biocompatibility Characteristics. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10041438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a promising approach (low-temperature plasma polymerization with allylamine) to modify the titanium (Ti) surface, which helps the damaged tissue to heal faster. The Ti surface was first cleaned by argon (Ar) plasma, and then the functional amino-groups were coated on the Ti surface via plasma polymerization. The topography characteristics, wettability, and optimal plasma modification parameters were investigated through atomic force spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and response surface methodology (RSM). Analytical results showed that the formation of a porous surface was found on the Ar plasma-modified Ti surfaces after Ar plasma modification with different parameters. The Ar plasma modification is an effective approach to remove surface contaminants and generate a porous topography on the Ti surface. As the Ti with Ar plasma modification was at 100 W and 190 m Torr for 12 min, the surface exhibited the maximum hydrophilic performance. In the allylamine plasma modifications, the contact angle values of the allylamine plasma-modified Ti surfaces varied between 70.15° and 88.26° in the designed parameters. The maximum concentration of amino-groups (31.58 nmole/cm2) can be obtained from the plasma-polymerized sample at 80 W and 150 mTorr for 22 min. Moreover, the cell response also demonstrated that the allylamine plasma-modified Ti sample with an optimal modification parameter (80 W, 22 min, and 150 mTorr) possessed great potential to increase cell adhesion ability. Thus, the optimal parameters of the low-temperature plasma polymerization with allylamine can be harvested using the RSM design. These data could provide new scientific information in the surface modification of Ti implant.
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Distler T, Boccaccini AR. 3D printing of electrically conductive hydrogels for tissue engineering and biosensors - A review. Acta Biomater 2020; 101:1-13. [PMID: 31476385 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Electrically conductive biomaterials are gaining increasing interest owing to their potential to be used in smart, biosensoric and functional tissue-engineered scaffolds and implants. In combination with 3D printing technology, this class of materials might be one of the most advanced approaches towards future medical implants regarding potential functionalities and design possibilities. Conductive hydrogels themselves have been researched for potential sensoric and tissue engineering applications for more than a decade, while the 3D printing of such functional materials is still under early exploration. This review aims to provide a short insight into the most recent developments of 3D printable and electrically conductive hydrogels. It also provides a summary of the last few years of research in this field, with key scope on 3D printing for biomedical applications. The final literature search was conducted in May 2019, with the specific keywords '3D', 'printing', 'conductive', 'hydrogel', 'biocompatible' and combinations of the latter, using advanced search in the databases Scopus®, Web of Science® (Web of Knowledge®) and Google Scholar®. A total of 491 results were gained, while 19 recent publications were identified with the above-mentioned criteria and keywords, which are the studies finally discussed in the paper. The key results have been summarised, and the remaining challenges in the field and the scope for future research activities have been discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hydrogels are among the most frequently used biomaterials in tissue engineering (TE). A new class of hydrogels, namely, electrically conductive hydrogels (ECHs), has been introduced in recent years. Although ECHs have been comprehensively reviewed in the literature, the combination of ECHs with 3D printing technology has emerged only recently, representing a promising key development toward the fabrication of functional 3D TE constructs. In this review, we cover for the first time the state of the art in the field of 3D printing of ECHs. Previous advances are presented, reviewing the 3D printing technologies utilised, spatial resolution and electrical conductivity values achieved, in addition to discussing the obtained mechanical properties and emerging applications of these materials.
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Silk fibroin coated TiO2 nanotubes for improved osteogenic property of Ti6Al4V bone implants. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:109982. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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A quantitative method to analyse F-actin distribution in cells. MethodsX 2019; 6:2562-2569. [PMID: 31763187 PMCID: PMC6861648 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2019.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in actin structure and distribution are involved in many cellular processes, such as differentiation, proliferation and migration. Differences in cell shape and size make the analysis of actin distribution difficult. Here, we have developed a Fiji macro that analyzes the distribution of actin within the cell, regardless of cell size or shape. The staining intensity is measured along an automatically drawn line over the cell. The intensity data is divided in equal bins, making the analysis insensitive to changes in cell size or shape. We have also created an R script that further processes the acquired data. Together, final data can be acquired within minutes from a set of images, with freely available software. We demonstrate our method with F-actin staining of cytochalasin D treated cells. The advantages of our methods are:
The analysis is not influenced by cell shape or size All steps in the analysis are shown, and can therefore easily be verified for each image All software required for the analysis is freely available
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Nebe JB, Rebl H, Schlosser M, Staehlke S, Gruening M, Weltmann KD, Walschus U, Finke B. Plasma Polymerized Allylamine-The Unique Cell-Attractive Nanolayer for Dental Implant Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11061004. [PMID: 31195717 PMCID: PMC6631006 DOI: 10.3390/polym11061004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials should be bioactive in stimulating the surrounding tissue to accelerate the ingrowth of permanent implants. Chemical and topographical features of the biomaterial surface affect cell physiology at the interface. A frequently asked question is whether the chemistry or the topography dominates the cell-material interaction. Recently, we demonstrated that a plasma-chemical modification using allylamine as a precursor was able to boost not only cell attachment and cell migration, but also intracellular signaling in vital cells. This microwave plasma process generated a homogenous nanolayer with randomly distributed, positively charged amino groups. In contrast, the surface of the human osteoblast is negatively charged at −15 mV due to its hyaluronan coat. As a consequence, we assumed that positive charges at the material surface—provoking electrostatic interaction forces—are attractive for the first cell encounter. This plasma-chemical nanocoating can be used for several biomaterials in orthopedic and dental implantology like titanium, titanium alloys, calcium phosphate scaffolds, and polylactide fiber meshes produced by electrospinning. In this regard, we wanted to ascertain whether plasma polymerized allylamine (PPAAm) is also suitable for increasing the attractiveness of a ceramic surface for dental implants using Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Barbara Nebe
- Department of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
- Department Life, Light & Matter, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Henrike Rebl
- Department of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Michael Schlosser
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medical Center Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Susanne Staehlke
- Department of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Martina Gruening
- Department of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Klaus-Dieter Weltmann
- Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Uwe Walschus
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medical Center Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Birgit Finke
- Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
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Moerke C, Staehlke S, Rebl H, Finke B, Nebe JB. Restricted cell functions on micropillars are alleviated by surface-nanocoating with amino groups. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.207001. [PMID: 29122983 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.207001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The topographical and chemical surface features of biomaterials are sensed by the cells, affecting their physiology at the interface. When placed on titanium, we recently discovered osteoblasts attempted caveolae-mediated phagocytosis of the sharp-edged microstructures. This active, energy-consuming process resulted in decreased osteoblastic cell functions (e.g. secretion of extracellular matrix proteins). However, chemical modification with plasma polymerized allylamine (PPAAm) was able to amplify osteoblast adhesion and spreading, resulting in better implant osseointegration in vivo In the present in vitro study, we analyzed whether this plasma polymer nanocoating is able to attenuate the microtopography-induced changes of osteoblast physiology. On PPAAm, we found cells showed a higher cell interaction with the geometrical micropillars by 30 min, and a less distinct reduction in the mRNA expression of collagen type I, osteocalcin and fibronectin after 24 h of cell growth. Interestingly, the cells were more active and sensitive on PPAAm-coated micropillars, and react with a substantial Ca2+ ion mobilization after stimulation with ATP. These results highlight that it is important for osteoblasts to establish cell surface contact for them to perform their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Moerke
- University Medical Center Rostock, Dept. of Cell Biology, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Susanne Staehlke
- University Medical Center Rostock, Dept. of Cell Biology, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Henrike Rebl
- University Medical Center Rostock, Dept. of Cell Biology, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Birgit Finke
- Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology e.V. (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Barbara Nebe
- University Medical Center Rostock, Dept. of Cell Biology, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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Bergemann C, Zaatreh S, Wegner K, Arndt K, Podbielski A, Bader R, Prinz C, Lembke U, Nebe JB. Copper as an alternative antimicrobial coating for implants - An in vitro study. World J Transplant 2017; 7:193-202. [PMID: 28698836 PMCID: PMC5487309 DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v7.i3.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate osteoconductive and antimicrobial properties of a titanium-copper-nitride (TiCuN) film and an additional BONIT® coating on titanium substrates.
METHODS For micro-structuring, the surface of titanium test samples was modified by titanium plasma spray (TPS). On the TPS-coated samples, the TiCuN layer was deposited by physical vapor deposition. The BONIT® layer was coated electrochemically. The concentration of copper ions released from TiCuN films was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. MG-63 osteoblasts on TiCuN and BONIT® were analyzed for cell adhesion, viability and spreading. In parallel, Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) were cultivated on the samples and planktonic and biofilm-bound bacteria were quantified by counting of the colony-forming units.
RESULTS Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed rough surfaces for TPS and TiCuN and a special crystalline surface structure on TiCuN + BONIT®. TiCuN released high amounts of copper quickly within 24 h. These release dynamics were accompanied by complete growth inhibition of bacteria and after 2 d, no planktonic or adherent S. epidermidis were found on these samples. On the other hand viability of MG-63 cells was impaired during direct cultivation on the samples within 24 h. However, high cell colonization could be found after a 24 h pre-incubation step in cell culture medium simulating the in vivo dynamics closer. On pre-incubated TiCuN, the osteoblasts span the ridges and demonstrate a flattened, well-spread phenotype. The additional BONIT®coating reduced the copper release of the TiCuN layer significantly and showed a positive effect on the initial cell adhesion.
CONCLUSION The TiCuNcoating inhibits the formation of bacterial biofilms on orthopedic implants by influencing the “race for the surface” to the advantage of osteoblasts.
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Bergemann C, Cornelsen M, Quade A, Laube T, Schnabelrauch M, Rebl H, Weißmann V, Seitz H, Nebe B. Continuous cellularization of calcium phosphate hybrid scaffolds induced by plasma polymer activation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 59:514-523. [PMID: 26652403 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The generation of hybrid materials based on β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and various biodegradable polymers like poly(l-lactide-co-d,l-lactide) (PLA) represents a common approach to overcoming the disadvantages of pure TCP devices. These disadvantages lie in TCP's mechanical properties, such as brittleness. The positive characteristic of PLA - improvement of compressive strength of calcium phosphate scaffolds - is diametrically opposed to its cell attractiveness. Therefore, the objective of this work was to optimize osteoblast migration and cellularization inside a three-dimensionally (3D) printed, PLA polymer stabilized TCP hybrid scaffold by a plasma polymer process depositing amino groups via allylamine. MG-63 osteoblastic cells inside the 10mm hybrid scaffold were dynamically cultivated for 14days in a 3D model system integrated in a perfusion reactor. The whole TCP/PLA hybrid scaffold was continuously colonized due to plasma polymerized allylamine activation inducing the migration potential of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bergemann
- University Medical Center Rostock, Cell Biology, Schillingallee 69, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Cornelsen
- University of Rostock, Fluid Technology and Microfluidics, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 6, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Antje Quade
- Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thorsten Laube
- INNOVENT e.V., Biomaterials Department, Pruessingstrasse 27B, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Henrike Rebl
- University Medical Center Rostock, Cell Biology, Schillingallee 69, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Volker Weißmann
- Institute for Polymer Technologies (IPT) e.V., Alter Holzhafen 19, D-23966 Wismar, Germany
| | - Hermann Seitz
- University of Rostock, Fluid Technology and Microfluidics, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 6, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Barbara Nebe
- University Medical Center Rostock, Cell Biology, Schillingallee 69, D-18057 Rostock, Germany.
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