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Luo M, Kim EK, Weibel R, Martin M, Röcke C. Distance from home and working memory: daily associations varying by neighborhood environments in community-dwelling older adults. Eur J Ageing 2025; 22:17. [PMID: 40186720 PMCID: PMC11972263 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-025-00841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2025] [Indexed: 04/07/2025] Open
Abstract
Out-of-home mobility and neighborhood environment have been, respectively, shown to be associated with older adults' cognitive abilities and they may have combined effects. Adopting an ecological perspective to mobility-cognition associations, this study examined daily maximum distance from home in relation to daily working memory performance in community-dwelling older adults and the moderation effect of neighborhood environments. Analyses included data over 947 days from 109 Swiss older adults aged 65 to 89 years. Over two weeks, participants wore a custom-built mobile GPS tracker and completed a smartphone-based numerical memory updating task seven times per day. Daily maximum distance from home was extracted from the GPS data. Neighborhood environments were assessed with the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale at baseline. Multilevel models showed that maximum distance from home was not associated with working memory performance, but there were cross-level moderation effects of neighborhood environments. Daily maximum distance from home was positively (vs. negatively) associated with daily working memory performance in participants who lived in neighborhoods with more (vs. fewer) places for walking and cycling and higher (vs. lower) land use mix-diversity. Out-of-home mobility and neighborhood environment could have combined effects on older adults' cognitive abilities. Neighborhoods with more places for walking and biking or having a higher mixture of land use could enhance a positive association between traveling a far distance from home and working memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxia Luo
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Healthy Longevity Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Eun-Kyeong Kim
- Urban Development and Mobility (UDM), Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Weibel
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Healthy Longevity Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mike Martin
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Healthy Longevity Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christina Röcke
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Healthy Longevity Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Robles Cruz D, Lira Belmar A, Fleury A, Lam M, Castro Andrade RM, Puebla Quiñones S, Taramasco Toro C. Relationship of Community Mobility, Vital Space, and Faller Status in Older Adults. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:7651. [PMID: 39686187 DOI: 10.3390/s24237651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Revised: 11/04/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024]
Abstract
Community mobility, encompassing both active (e.g., walking) and passive (e.g., driving) transport, plays a crucial role in maintaining autonomy and social interaction among older adults. This study aimed to quantify community mobility in older adults and explore the relationship between GPS- and accelerometer-derived metrics and fall risk. METHODS A total of 129 older adults, with and without a history of falls, were monitored over an 8 h period using GPS and accelerometer data. Three experimental conditions were evaluated: GPS data alone, accelerometer data alone, and a combination of both. Classification models, including Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), were employed to classify participants based on their fall history. RESULTS For GPS data alone, RF achieved 74% accuracy, while SVM and KNN reached 67% and 62%, respectively. Using accelerometer data, RF achieved 95% accuracy, and both SVM and KNN achieved 90%. Combining GPS and accelerometer data improved model performance, with RF reaching 97% accuracy, SVM achieving 95%, and KNN 87%. CONCLUSION The integration of GPS and accelerometer data significantly enhances the accuracy of distinguishing older adults with and without a history of falls. These findings highlight the potential of sensor-based approaches for accurate fall risk assessment in community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Robles Cruz
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil Informática, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2361827, Chile
- Centro de Estudios del Movimiento Humano, Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud y Odontología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago 8370076, Chile
- Instituto de Tecnología para la Innovación en Salud y Bienestar, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Andrea Lira Belmar
- Center of Interdisciplinary Biomedical and Engineering Research for Health-MEDING Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2520000, Chile
| | - Anthony Fleury
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines Télécom, Centre for Digital Systems, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Méline Lam
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines Télécom, Centre for Digital Systems, 59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Rossana M Castro Andrade
- Group of Computer Networks, Software Engineering and Systems (GREat), Computer Science Department (DC), Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Campus do Pici, Bloco 910, Fortaleza 60440-900, Brazil
| | - Sebastián Puebla Quiñones
- Instituto de Tecnología para la Innovación en Salud y Bienestar, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Carla Taramasco Toro
- Instituto de Tecnología para la Innovación en Salud y Bienestar, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus on Sociomedicine, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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Suri A, VanSwearingen J, Baillargeon EM, Crane BM, Moored KD, Carlson MC, Dunlap PM, Donahue PT, Redfern MS, Brach JS, Sejdic E, Rosso AL. Association of Gait Quality With Daily-Life Mobility: An Actigraphy and Global Positioning System Based Analysis in Older Adults. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2024; 71:130-138. [PMID: 37428666 PMCID: PMC10792545 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2023.3293752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Walking is a key component of daily-life mobility. We examined associations between laboratory-measured gait quality and daily-life mobility through Actigraphy and Global Positioning System (GPS). We also assessed the relationship between two modalities of daily-life mobility i.e., Actigraphy and GPS. METHODS In community-dwelling older adults (N = 121, age = 77±5 years, 70% female, 90% white), we obtained gait quality from a 4-m instrumented walkway (gait speed, walk-ratio, variability) and accelerometry during 6-Minute Walk (adaptability, similarity, smoothness, power, and regularity). Physical activity measures of step-count and intensity were captured from an Actigraph. Time out-of-home, vehicular time, activity-space, and circularity were quantified using GPS. Partial Spearman correlations between laboratory gait quality and daily-life mobility were calculated. Linear regression was used to model step-count as a function of gait quality. ANCOVA and Tukey analysis compared GPS measures across activity groups [high, medium, low] based on step-count. Age, BMI, and sex were used as covariates. RESULTS Greater gait speed, adaptability, smoothness, power, and lower regularity were associated with higher step-counts (0.20<|ρp| < 0.26, p < .05). Age(β = -0.37), BMI(β = -0.30), speed(β = 0.14), adaptability(β = 0.20), and power(β = 0.18), explained 41.2% variance in step-count. Gait characteristics were not related to GPS measures. Participants with high (>4800 steps) compared to low activity (steps<3100) spent more time out-of-home (23 vs 15%), more vehicular travel (66 vs 38 minutes), and larger activity-space (5.18 vs 1.88 km2), all p < .05. CONCLUSIONS Gait quality beyond speed contributes to physical activity. Physical activity and GPS-derived measures capture distinct aspects of daily-life mobility. Wearable-derived measures should be considered in gait and mobility-related interventions.
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Figueiredo PRP, Silva LP, Nóbrega RADA, Coster WJ, Sampaio RF, Brandão MDB, Mancini MC. Geographic intelligence to investigate community participation: a scoping review. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:4503-4516. [PMID: 36503323 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2154859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand the applicability and unique contributions of global positioning system (GPS) and geographic information system (GIS) technologies to investigate individuals' participation in the community. METHODS A scoping review was conducted to summarize studies that employed GPS and/or GIS to assess community participation. Systematic literature searches were performed using nine electronic databases, up to April 2022. Two independent reviewers screened studies for eligibility and extracted data from the selected studies. RESULTS The searches retrieved 628 articles, of which 36 met the inclusion criteria. In 31 studies, a GPS unit or GPS-enabled device monitored the community mobility of individuals with different health conditions. Tracking periods varied from five hours to 30 consecutive days. The spatiotemporal parameters obtained from satellite-based data provided information about individuals' presence in the community. Most studies combined GPS with other measuring tools (self-report diaries/questionnaires, qualitative interviews) to capture a broader description of community participation. CONCLUSIONS GPS and GIS are viable approaches for advancing research as they provide unique information about community participation not easily captured by other methods. The combination of available methods comprehensively address the physical and social dimensions of this construct.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONGlobal positioning system (GPS) and geographic information system (GIS) technology allows direct and real-time quantification of patterns of individuals' community mobility.The geographic area where individuals participate in daily living activities complements information from self-report diaries/questionnaires.Combining GPS technology with self-report diaries/questionnaires allows a broader description of individuals' community participation, addressing respectively both its physical and social dimensions.Knowledge of individuals' access to and involvement in community locations/situations may help therapists design interventions to improve community participation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wendy Jane Coster
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences: Sargent College, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rosana Ferreira Sampaio
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marina de Brito Brandão
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marisa Cotta Mancini
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Lluva-Plaza S, Jiménez-Martín A, Gualda-Gómez D, Villadangos-Carrizo JM, García-Domínguez JJ. Multisensory System for Long-Term Activity Monitoring to Facilitate Aging-in-Place. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8646. [PMID: 37896739 PMCID: PMC10611293 DOI: 10.3390/s23208646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Demographic changes and an ageing population require more effective methods to confront the increased prevalence of chronic diseases which generate dependence in older adults as well as an important rise in social expenditure. The challenge is not only to increase life expectancy, but also to ensure that the older adults can fully enjoy that moment in their lives, living where they wish to (private home, nursing home, …). Physical activity (PA) is a representative parameter of a person's state of health, especially when we are getting older, because it plays an important role in the prevention of diseases, and that is the reason why it is promoted in older adults. One of the goals of this work is to assess the feasibility of objectively measuring the PA levels of older adults wherever they live. In addition, this work proposes long-term monitoring that helps to gather daily activity patterns. We fuse inertial measurements with other technologies (WiFi- and ultrasonic-based location) in order to provide not only PA, but also information about the place where the activities are carried out, including both room-level location and precise positioning (depending on the technology used). With this information, we would be able to generate information about the person's daily routines which can be very useful for the early detection of physical or cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Lluva-Plaza
- Department of Electronics, University of Alcalá, 28801 Madrid, Spain; (S.L.-P.); (A.J.-M.); (J.M.V.-C.)
| | - Ana Jiménez-Martín
- Department of Electronics, University of Alcalá, 28801 Madrid, Spain; (S.L.-P.); (A.J.-M.); (J.M.V.-C.)
| | - David Gualda-Gómez
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications, University Rey Juan Carlos, 28943 Fuenlabrada, Spain;
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Seinsche J, Jansen CP, Roth S, Zijlstra W, Hinrichs T, Giannouli E. Multidimensional interventions to increase life-space mobility in older adults ranging from nursing home residents to community-dwelling: a systematic scoping review. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:412. [PMID: 37415132 PMCID: PMC10327334 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04118-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Life-space mobility (LSM) is an important aspect of older adults' real-life mobility. Studies have shown that restricted LSM is a risk factor for many adverse outcomes such as low quality of life and mortality. Therefore, an increasing number of interventions aim to enhance LSM. However, the intervention approaches differ in terms of their type/content, duration, targeted populations, but also in terms of their outcome measures and assessment tools. Especially the latter impairs the comparability of studies with otherwise similar interventional approaches and thus also the interpretation of their results. Therefore, this systematic scoping review aims to provide an overview of the intervention components, assessment tools, and effectiveness of studies aiming to improve LSM in older adults. METHODS A systematic literature search was carried out in PubMed and Web of Science. We considered studies in older adults of any design that included an intervention approach and at least one outcome of LSM. RESULTS 27 studies were included in the review. These studies analyzed healthy community-dwelling as well as frail older adults in need of care or rehabilitation and nursing home residents with a mean age between 64 and 89. The percentage of female participants ranged from 3 to 100%. The types of interventions were of the following: physical, counseling, multidimensional, miscellaneous. Multidimensional interventions consisting of physical interventions plus any of the following or a combination of counseling/education/motivation/information appear to be most effective in increasing LSM. Older adults with mobility impairments were more responsive to these multidimensional interventions compared to healthy older adults. Most of the studies used the questionnaire-based Life-Space Assessment to quantify LSM. CONCLUSIONS This systematic scoping review provides a comprehensive overview of a heterogenous stock of literature investigating LSM-related interventions in older adults. Future meta-analyses are needed to provide a quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of LSM interventions and recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Seinsche
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Institute of Human Movement Sciences & Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Sandro Roth
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wiebren Zijlstra
- Institute of Movement & Sport Gerontology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Timo Hinrichs
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eleftheria Giannouli
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Institute of Human Movement Sciences & Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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7
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Zhao H, Cao J, Xie J, Liao WH, Lei Y, Cao H, Qu Q, Bowen C. Wearable sensors and features for diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231173569. [PMID: 37214662 PMCID: PMC10192816 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231173569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Neurodegenerative diseases affect millions of families around the world, while various wearable sensors and corresponding data analysis can be of great support for clinical diagnosis and health assessment. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing research that uses wearable sensors and features for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Methods A systematic review was conducted of studies published between 2015 and 2022 in major scientific databases such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopes. The obtained studies were analyzed and organized into the process of diagnosis: wearable sensors, feature extraction, and feature selection. Results The search led to 171 eligible studies included in this overview. Wearable sensors such as force sensors, inertial sensors, electromyography, electroencephalography, acoustic sensors, optical fiber sensors, and global positioning systems were employed to monitor and diagnose neurodegenerative diseases. Various features including physical features, statistical features, nonlinear features, and features from the network can be extracted from these wearable sensors, and the alteration of features toward neurodegenerative diseases was illustrated. Moreover, different kinds of feature selection methods such as filter, wrapper, and embedded methods help to find the distinctive indicator of the diseases and benefit to a better diagnosis performance. Conclusions This systematic review enables a comprehensive understanding of wearable sensors and features for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Junyi Cao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Junxiao Xie
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Hsin Liao
- Department of Mechanical and Automation
Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Yaguo Lei
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- Department of Neurology, The First
Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P.R. China
| | - Qiumin Qu
- Department of Neurology, The First
Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P.R. China
| | - Chris Bowen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, UK
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Zhang Y, Li C, Song Y, Chai Y, Fan Y. Personalizing the dichotomy of fixed and flexible activities in everyday life: deriving prism anchors from GPS-enabled survey data. TRANSPORTATION 2022:1-26. [PMID: 36570558 PMCID: PMC9761654 DOI: 10.1007/s11116-022-10352-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Space-time prism is a fundamental concept in time geography that can model an individual's accessibility to resources under space-time constraints. A prism anchor is often defined by work, school, or home activity with a fixed location and schedule. Trips and other activities are relatively flexible and scheduled between prism anchors. This fixity-flexibility dichotomy may not capture the increasing complexity of human mobility behaviors or variations among individuals. Recent developments in location-aware technologies allow us to collect person-level mobility data with detailed space-time paths and contextual information. This article develops methods to extract prism anchors from these GPS-based survey data and examines whether home, work, and school activities can always be used to define prism anchors for everyone. To illustrate our methods, we use data collected in Minnesota and Beijing as two study cases. Results in both study cases suggest that not everyone has home, work, or school anchors, and people with the same socio-demographic background tend to have similar anchor types. By deriving home, work, and school anchors, we can better understand how a person's everyday schedules are governed by home, work, and school and refine person-based accessibility measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Zhang
- Department of Geography, Environment, and Society, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Chunjiang Li
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Geography, Environment, and Society, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Yanwei Chai
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingling Fan
- Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
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Giannouli E, Kim EK, Fu C, Weibel R, Sofios A, Infanger D, Portegijs E, Rantanen T, Huang H, Schmidt-Trucksäss A, Zeller A, Rössler R, Hinrichs T. Psychometric properties of the MOBITEC-GP mobile application for real-life mobility assessment in older adults. Geriatr Nurs 2022; 48:280-286. [PMID: 36334468 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aim of this study was to test the reliability and validity of the life-space measures and walking speed delivered by the MOBITEC-GP app. Participants underwent several supervised walking speed assessments as well as a 1-week life-space assessment during two assessment sessions 9 days apart. Fifty-seven older adults (47.4% male, mean age= 75.3 (±5.9) years) were included in the study. The MOBITEC-GP app showed moderate to excellent test-retest reliability (ICCs between 0.584 and 0.920) and validity (ICCs between 0.468 and 0.950) of walking speed measurements of 50 meters and above and of most 1-week life-space parameters, including life-space area, time spent out-of-home, and action range. The MOBITEC-GP app for Android is a reliable and valid tool for the assessment of real-life walking speed (at distances of 50 metres and above) and life-space parameters of older adults. Future studies should look into technical issues more systematically in order to avoid invalid measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria Giannouli
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Eun-Kyeong Kim
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Urban Development and Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Cheng Fu
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Weibel
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Denis Infanger
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Haosheng Huang
- Department of Geography, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Zeller
- Centre for Primary Health Care, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roland Rössler
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Basel Mobility Center, Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Timo Hinrichs
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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10
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Hwang S, Webber-Ritchey K, Moxley E. Comparison of GPS imputation methods in environmental health research. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2022; 17. [PMID: 36047344 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2022.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of personal exposure in the external environment commonly relies on global positioning system (GPS) measurements. However, it has been challenging to determine exposures accurately due to missing data in GPS trajectories. In environmental health research using GPS, missing data are often discarded or are typically imputed based on the last known location or linear interpolation. Imputation is said to mitigate bias in exposure measures, but methods used are hardly evaluated against ground truth. Widely used imputation methods assume that a person is either stationary or constantly moving during the missing interval. Relaxing this assumption, we propose a method for imputing locations as a function of a person's likely movement state (stop, move) during the missing interval. We then evaluate the proposed method in terms of the accuracy of imputed location, movement state, and daily mobility measures such as the number of trips and time spent on places visited. Experiments based on real data collected by participants (n=59) show that the proposed approach outperforms existing methods. Imputation to the last known location can lead to large deviation from the actual location when gap distance is large. Linear interpolation is shown to result in large errors in mobility measures. Researchers should be aware that the different treatment of missing data can affect the spatiotemporal accuracy of GPS-based exposure assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungsoon Hwang
- Department of Geography, DePaul University, Chicago, IL.
| | | | - Elizabeth Moxley
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL.
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11
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Suri A, VanSwearingen J, Dunlap P, Redfern MS, Rosso AL, Sejdić E. Facilitators and barriers to real-life mobility in community-dwelling older adults: a narrative review of accelerometry- and global positioning system-based studies. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:1733-1746. [PMID: 35275373 PMCID: PMC8913857 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Real-life mobility, also called "enacted" mobility, characterizes an individual's activity and participation in the community. Real-life mobility may be facilitated or hindered by a variety of factors, such as physical abilities, cognitive function, psychosocial aspects, and external environment characteristics. Advances in technology have allowed for objective quantification of real-life mobility using wearable sensors, specifically, accelerometry and global positioning systems (GPSs). In this review article, first, we summarize the common mobility measures extracted from accelerometry and GPS. Second, we summarize studies assessing the associations of facilitators and barriers influencing mobility of community-dwelling older adults with mobility measures from sensor technology. We found the most used accelerometry measures focus on the duration and intensity of activity in daily life. Gait quality measures, e.g., cadence, variability, and symmetry, are not usually included. GPS has been used to investigate mobility behavior, such as spatial and temporal measures of path traveled, location nodes traversed, and mode of transportation. Factors of note that facilitate/hinder community mobility were cognition and psychosocial influences. Fewer studies have included the influence of external environments, such as sidewalk quality, and socio-economic status in defining enacted mobility. Increasing our understanding of the facilitators and barriers to enacted mobility can inform wearable technology-enabled interventions targeted at delaying mobility-related disability and improving participation of older adults in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Suri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessie VanSwearingen
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pamela Dunlap
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mark S Redfern
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrea L Rosso
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ervin Sejdić
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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12
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Berridge C, Zhou Y, Lazar A, Porwal A, Mattek N, Gothard S, Kaye J. Control Matters in Elder Care Technology:: Evidence and Direction for Designing It In. DIS. DESIGNING INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS (CONFERENCE) 2022; 2022:1831-1848. [PMID: 35969716 PMCID: PMC9367632 DOI: 10.1145/3532106.3533471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies find that older adults want control over how technologies are used in their care, but how it can be operationalized through design remains to be clarified. We present findings from a large survey (n=825) of a well-characterized U.S. online cohort that provides actionable evidence of the importance of designing for control over monitoring technologies. This uniquely large, age-diverse sample allows us to compare needs across age and other characteristics with insights about future users and current older adults (n=496 >64), including those concerned about their own memory loss (n=201). All five control options, which are not currently enabled, were very or extremely important to most people across age. Findings indicate that comfort with a range of care technologies is contingent on having privacy- and other control-enabling options. We discuss opportunities for design to meet these user needs that demand course correction through attentive, creative work.
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13
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Guo Y, Yeung CY, Chan GCH, Chang Q, Tsang HWH, Yip PSF. Mobility Based on GPS Trajectory Data and Interviews: A Pilot Study to Understand the Differences between Lower- and Higher-Income Older Adults in Hong Kong. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5536. [PMID: 35564931 PMCID: PMC9101281 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined mobility from a social exclusion perspective. Limited mobility can restrict opportunities to interact with others and therefore may lead to social exclusion. This pilot study was designed to test the feasibility of integrating Global Positioning System (GPS) trajectory data and interview data to understand the different mobility patterns between lower- and higher-income older adults in Hong Kong and the potential reasons for and impacts of these differences. Lower- (n = 21) and higher- (n = 24) income adults aged 60 years of age or older in Hong Kong were recruited based on purposive sampling. They were asked to wear a GPS device for 7 days. Seven measures of mobility (four dimensions) were created based on GPS data and compared between lower- and higher-income older adults, including extensity (standard deviation ellipse, standard distance between all locations), intensity (time spent out of home, doing activities), diversity (number of locations), and non-exclusivity (time spent in public open spaces and places with higher public service provisions). It then administered semi-structured interviews to understand the determined differences. The activity spaces for lower-income older adults were, on average, smaller than those for higher-income older adults, but lower-income older adults spent significantly more time participating in out-of-home activities. They were more likely to be exposed to environments with similar socioeconomic characteristics as their own. The interviews showed that limited social networks and expenditure on transport were the two main factors associated with lower-income older adults having relatively fewer activity spaces, which may lead to further social exclusion. We recommend using GPS in daily life as a feasible way to capture the mobility patterns and using interviews to deeply understand the different patterns between lower- and higher-income older adults. Policy strategies aiming to improve the mobility of older might be helpful for further improving the social inclusion of lower-income older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Y.G.); (H.W.H.T.)
- Mental Health Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheuk-Yui Yeung
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Geoff C. H. Chan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Qingsong Chang
- School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;
| | - Hector W. H. Tsang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Y.G.); (H.W.H.T.)
- Mental Health Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paul S. F. Yip
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China;
- Hong Kong Jockey Club Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, 5 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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14
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Wearable and Portable GPS Solutions for Monitoring Mobility in Dementia: A Systematic Review. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22093336. [PMID: 35591026 PMCID: PMC9104067 DOI: 10.3390/s22093336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Dementia is the most common neurodegenerative disorder globally. Disease progression is marked by declining cognitive function accompanied by changes in mobility. Increased sedentary behaviour and, conversely, wandering and becoming lost are common. Global positioning system (GPS) solutions are increasingly used by caregivers to locate missing people with dementia (PwD) but also offer a non-invasive means of monitoring mobility patterns in PwD. We performed a systematic search across five databases to identify papers published since 2000, where wearable or portable GPS was used to monitor mobility in patients with common dementias or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Disease and GPS-specific vocabulary were searched singly, and then in combination, identifying 3004 papers. Following deduplication, we screened 1972 papers and retained 17 studies after a full-text review. Only 1/17 studies used a wrist-worn GPS solution, while all others were variously located on the patient. We characterised the studies using a conceptual framework, finding marked heterogeneity in the number and complexity of reported GPS-derived mobility outcomes. Duration was the most frequently reported category of mobility reported (15/17), followed by out of home (14/17), and stop and trajectory (both 10/17). Future research would benefit from greater standardisation and harmonisation of reporting which would enable GPS-derived measures of mobility to be incorporated more robustly into clinical trials.
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15
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Jansen CP, Gordt-Oesterwind K, Schwenk M. Wearable Motion Sensors in Older Adults: On the Cutting Edge of Health and Mobility Research. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22030973. [PMID: 35161719 PMCID: PMC8837998 DOI: 10.3390/s22030973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carl-Philipp Jansen
- Department of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Robert Bosch Hospital, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Sports and Sports Sciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Michael Schwenk
- Network Aging Research (NAR), Heidelberg University, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Human Performance Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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16
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Breasail MÓ, Biswas B, Smith MD, Mazhar MKA, Tenison E, Cullen A, Lithander FE, Roudaut A, Henderson EJ. Wearable GPS and Accelerometer Technologies for Monitoring Mobility and Physical Activity in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Systematic Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:8261. [PMID: 34960353 PMCID: PMC8705556 DOI: 10.3390/s21248261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) constitute an increasing global burden and can significantly impair an individual's mobility, physical activity (PA), and independence. Remote monitoring has been difficult without relying on diaries/questionnaires which are more challenging for people with dementia to complete. Wearable global positioning system (GPS) sensors and accelerometers present a cost-effective and noninvasive way to passively monitor mobility and PA. In addition, changes in sensor-derived outcomes (such as walking behaviour, sedentary, and active activity) may serve as potential biomarkers of disease onset, progression, and response to treatment. We performed a systematic search across four databases to identify papers published within the past 5 years, in which wearable GPS or accelerometers were used to monitor mobility or PA in patients with common NDDs (Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, motor neuron diseases/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, vascular parkinsonism, and vascular dementia). Disease and technology-specific vocabulary were searched singly, and then in combination, identifying 4985 papers. Following deduplication, we screened 3115 papers and retained 28 studies following a full text review. One study used wearable GPS and accelerometers, while 27 studies used solely accelerometers in NDDs. GPS-derived measures had been validated against current gold standard measures in one Parkinson's cohort, suggesting that the technology may be applicable to other NDDs. In contrast, accelerometers are widely utilised in NDDs and have been operationalised in well-designed clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mícheál Ó. Breasail
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 1-5 Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 1NU, UK; (M.Ó.B.); (M.D.S.); (M.K.A.M.); (E.T.); (A.C.); (F.E.L.); (E.J.H.)
| | - Bijetri Biswas
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Matthew D. Smith
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 1-5 Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 1NU, UK; (M.Ó.B.); (M.D.S.); (M.K.A.M.); (E.T.); (A.C.); (F.E.L.); (E.J.H.)
- Older Peoples Unit, Royal United Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bath BN1 3NG, UK
| | - Md Khadimul A. Mazhar
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 1-5 Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 1NU, UK; (M.Ó.B.); (M.D.S.); (M.K.A.M.); (E.T.); (A.C.); (F.E.L.); (E.J.H.)
| | - Emma Tenison
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 1-5 Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 1NU, UK; (M.Ó.B.); (M.D.S.); (M.K.A.M.); (E.T.); (A.C.); (F.E.L.); (E.J.H.)
| | - Anisha Cullen
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 1-5 Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 1NU, UK; (M.Ó.B.); (M.D.S.); (M.K.A.M.); (E.T.); (A.C.); (F.E.L.); (E.J.H.)
| | - Fiona E. Lithander
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 1-5 Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 1NU, UK; (M.Ó.B.); (M.D.S.); (M.K.A.M.); (E.T.); (A.C.); (F.E.L.); (E.J.H.)
| | - Anne Roudaut
- Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK;
| | - Emily J. Henderson
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 1-5 Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 1NU, UK; (M.Ó.B.); (M.D.S.); (M.K.A.M.); (E.T.); (A.C.); (F.E.L.); (E.J.H.)
- Older Peoples Unit, Royal United Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bath BN1 3NG, UK
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17
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Zhou S, Li Y, Chi G, Yin J, Oravecz Z, Bodovski Y, Friedman NP, Vrieze SI, Chow SM. GPS2space: An Open-source Python Library for Spatial Measure Extraction from GPS Data. JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DATA SCIENCE 2021; 1:127-155. [PMID: 35281484 PMCID: PMC8915920 DOI: 10.35566/jbds/v1n2/p5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Global Positioning System (GPS) data have become one of the routine data streams collected by wearable devices, cell phones, and social media platforms in this digital age. Such data provide research opportunities in that they may provide contextual information to elucidate where, when, and why individuals engage in and sustain particular behavioral patterns. However, raw GPS data consisting of densely sampled time series of latitude and longitude coordinate pairs do not readily convey meaningful information concerning intra-individual dynamics and inter-individual differences; substantial data processing is required. Raw GPS data need to be integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) and analyzed, from which the mobility and activity patterns of individuals can be derived, a process that is unfamiliar to many behavioral scientists. In this tutorial article, we introduced GPS2space, a free and open-source Python library that we developed to facilitate the processing of GPS data, integration with GIS to derive distances from landmarks of interest, as well as extraction of two spatial features: activity space of individuals and shared space between individuals, such as members of the same family. We demonstrated functions available in the library using data from the Colorado Online Twin Study to explore seasonal and age-related changes in individuals' activity space and twin siblings' shared space, as well as gender, zygosity and baseline age-related differences in their initial levels and/or changes over time. We concluded with discussions of other potential usages, caveats, and future developments of GPS2space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhou
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Yanling Li
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Guangqing Chi
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Junjun Yin
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Zita Oravecz
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Yosef Bodovski
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | | | | | - Sy-Miin Chow
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
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18
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Zhou S, Li Y, Chi G, Yin J, Oravecz Z, Bodovski Y, Friedman NP, Vrieze SI, Chow SM. GPS2space: An Open-source Python Library for Spatial Measure Extraction from GPS Data. JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DATA SCIENCE 2021. [PMID: 35281484 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4672651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Global Positioning System (GPS) data have become one of the routine data streams collected by wearable devices, cell phones, and social media platforms in this digital age. Such data provide research opportunities in that they may provide contextual information to elucidate where, when, and why individuals engage in and sustain particular behavioral patterns. However, raw GPS data consisting of densely sampled time series of latitude and longitude coordinate pairs do not readily convey meaningful information concerning intra-individual dynamics and inter-individual differences; substantial data processing is required. Raw GPS data need to be integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) and analyzed, from which the mobility and activity patterns of individuals can be derived, a process that is unfamiliar to many behavioral scientists. In this tutorial article, we introduced GPS2space, a free and open-source Python library that we developed to facilitate the processing of GPS data, integration with GIS to derive distances from landmarks of interest, as well as extraction of two spatial features: activity space of individuals and shared space between individuals, such as members of the same family. We demonstrated functions available in the library using data from the Colorado Online Twin Study to explore seasonal and age-related changes in individuals' activity space and twin siblings' shared space, as well as gender, zygosity and baseline age-related differences in their initial levels and/or changes over time. We concluded with discussions of other potential usages, caveats, and future developments of GPS2space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhou
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Yanling Li
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Guangqing Chi
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Junjun Yin
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Zita Oravecz
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Yosef Bodovski
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | | | | | - Sy-Miin Chow
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
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19
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A Space-Time Analysis of Rural Older People's Outdoor Mobility and Its Impact on Self-Rated Health: Evidence from a Taiwanese Rural Village. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115902. [PMID: 34072884 PMCID: PMC8198793 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the aggravation of rural aging, the well-being and self-rated health level of older people in rural communities are significantly lower than those in urban communities. Past studies hold that mobility is essential to the quality of life of the elderly, and well-being depends on their own adaptation strategies in the built environment. Therefore, this study combines three key factors related to active aging: environment, health and mobility, and assumes that the elderly with good health status will have environmental proactivity and a wider range of daily mobility in a poor rural built environment. This study attempts to track daily mobility by using a space-time path method in time geography and then to explore the relationship between outdoor mobility and older people's self-rated health. A 1-week mobility path survey for 20 senior citizens of Xishi Village, a typical rural village in Taiwan, was conducted by wearing a GPS sports watch. A questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews were done to provide more information about the seniors' personal backgrounds and lifestyles. The results show that when the built environment is unfit to the needs of daily activities, half of the participants can make adjustment strategies to go beyond the neighborhoods defined by administrative units. Correlation analysis demonstrated that mental health is associated with daily moving time and distance. In addition, men have higher self-rated health scores than women, and there are significant statistical differences between married and widowed seniors in daily outing time and distance. This exploratory study suggests that in future research on rural health and active aging in rural areas, understanding the daily outdoor mobility of the elderly can help to assess their health status and living demands and quickly find out whether there is a lack of rural living services or environmental planning.
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20
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Gough C, Lewis LK, Barr C, Maeder A, George S. Community participation of community dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:612. [PMID: 33781223 PMCID: PMC8008662 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10592-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the advancing age of the population, and increasing demands on healthcare services, community participation has become an important consideration for healthy ageing. Low levels of community participation have been linked to increased mortality and social isolation. The extent to which community participation has been measured objectively in older adults remains scarce. This study aims to describe where and how older adults participate in the community and determine the feasibility of measurement methods for community participation. METHODS This observational cross-sectional study obtained data from 46 community dwelling older adults. A combination of Global Positioning Systems (GPS), accelerometry, and self-reported diaries were used over a 7-day monitoring period. Feasibility of methods were determined by calculating the loss of GPS data, questionnaires, and comparison of self-reported locations with GPS co-ordinates. Relationships between community participation, physical activity, social interactions, health related quality of life, sleep quality and loneliness were explored. RESULTS Older adults took a median (IQR) of 15 (9.25-18.75) trips out of home over the 7-day monitoring period, most frequently visiting commercial and recreational locations. In-home activities were mainly sedentary in nature, with out of home activities dependent on location type. Self-reported and GPS measures of trips out of home and the locations visited were significantly correlated (self-report 15.7 (5.6) GPS 14.4 (5.8) (r = 0.94)). Significant correlations between both the number of trips taken from home, with social interactions (r = 0.62) and the minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (r = 0.43) were observed. Daily MVPA was higher in participants who visited local walk/greenspaces (r = 0.48). CONCLUSION Participants performed more activities with social interactions out of home and visited commercial locations most frequently. The combination of GPS, accelerometry and self-report methods provided a detailed picture of community participation for older adults. Further research is required with older adults of varying health status to generalise the relationships between community participation, location and physical activity. TRIAL REGISTRATION Ethical approval was gained from the Flinders University Social and Behavioural Research Ethics Committee (protocol no. 8176).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Gough
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Sturt Building N219, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
- Flinders Digital Health Research Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lucy K Lewis
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Sturt Building N219, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Christopher Barr
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Sturt Building N219, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
- Flinders Digital Health Research Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Anthony Maeder
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Sturt Building N219, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
- Flinders Digital Health Research Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stacey George
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Sturt Building N219, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
- Flinders Digital Health Research Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
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21
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Tholl MV, Zurbuchen A, Tanner H, Haeberlin A. Potential of subdermal solar energy harvesting for medical device applications based on worldwide meteorological data. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-200334RR. [PMID: 33694336 PMCID: PMC7946961 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.3.038002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Active implants require batteries as power supply. Their lifetime is limited and may require a second surgical intervention for replacement. Intracorporal energy harvesting techniques generate power within the body and supply the implant. Solar cells below the skin can be used to harvest energy from light. AIM To investigate the potential of subdermal solar energy harvesting. APPROACH We evaluated global radiation data for defined time slots and calculated the output power of a subdermal solar module based on skin and solar cell characteristics. We assumed solar exposure profiles based on daily habits for an implanted solar cell. The output power was calculated for skin types VI and I/II. RESULTS We show that the yearly mean power in most locations on Earth is sufficient to power modern cardiac pacemakers if 10 min midday solar irradiation is assumed. All skin types are suitable for solar harvesting. Moreover, we provide a software tool to predict patient-specific output power. CONCLUSIONS Subdermal solar energy harvesting is a viable alternative to primary batteries. The comparison to a human case study showed a good agreement of the results. The developed code is available open source to enable researchers to investigate further applications of subdermal solar harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilien V. Tholl
- University of Bern, sitem Center for Translational Medicine and Biomedical Entrepreneurship, Bern, Switzerland
- Bern University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Zurbuchen
- University of Bern, sitem Center for Translational Medicine and Biomedical Entrepreneurship, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hildegard Tanner
- Bern University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Haeberlin
- University of Bern, sitem Center for Translational Medicine and Biomedical Entrepreneurship, Bern, Switzerland
- Bern University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Bern, Switzerland
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22
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Hinrichs T, Zanda A, Fillekes MP, Bereuter P, Portegijs E, Rantanen T, Schmidt-Trucksäss A, Zeller AW, Weibel R. Map-based assessment of older adults' life space: validity and reliability. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2020; 17:21. [PMID: 33292160 PMCID: PMC7700712 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-020-00253-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Map-based tools have recently found their way into health-related research. They can potentially be used to quantify older adults’ life-space. This study aimed to evaluate the validity (vs. GPS) and the test-retest reliability of a map-based life-space assessment (MBA). Methods Life-space of one full week was assessed by GPS and by MBA. MBA was repeated after approximately 3 weeks. Distance-related (mean and maximum distance from home) and area-related (convex hull, standard deviational ellipse) life-space indicators were calculated. Intraclass correlations (MBA vs. GPS and test-retest) were calculated in addition to Bland-Altman analyses (MBA vs. GPS). Results Fifty-eight older adults (mean age 74, standard deviation 5.5 years; 39.7% women) participated in the study. Bland-Altman analyses showed the highest agreement between methods for the maximum distance from home. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged between 0.19 (95% confidence interval 0 to 0.47) for convex hull and 0.72 (95% confidence interval 0.52 to 0.84) for maximum distance from home. Intraclass correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability ranged between 0.04 (95% confidence interval 0 to 0.30) for convex hull and 0.43 (95% confidence interval 0.19 to 0.62) for mean distance from home. Conclusions While acceptable validity and reliability were found for the distance-related life-space parameters, MBA cannot be recommended for the assessment of area-related life-space parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Hinrichs
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320 B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Adriana Zanda
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle P Fillekes
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging", University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pia Bereuter
- Institute of Geomatics Engineering, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320 B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas W Zeller
- Centre for Primary Health Care, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Weibel
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging", University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Feature-First Add-On for Trajectory Simplification in Lifelog Applications. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20071852. [PMID: 32230791 PMCID: PMC7180601 DOI: 10.3390/s20071852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Lifelog is a record of one’s personal experiences in daily lives. User’s location is one of the most common information for logging a human’s life. By understanding one’s spatial mobility we can figure out other pieces of context such as businesses and activities. With GPS technology we can collect accurate spatial and temporal details of a movement. However, most GPS receivers generate a huge amount of data making it difficult to process and store such data. In this paper, we develop a generic add-on algorithm, feature-first trajectory simplification, to simplify trajectory data in lifelog applications. It is based on a simple sliding window mechanism counting occurrence of certain conditions. By automatically identifying feature points such as signal lost and found, stall, and turn, the proposed scheme provides rich context more than spatio-temporal information of a trajectory. In experiments with a case study of commuting in personal vehicles, we evaluate the effectiveness of the scheme. We find the proposed scheme significantly enhances existing simplification algorithms preserving much richer context of a trajectory.
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