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Susan A M. Development of a physical activity prescription course in a Doctor of Pharmacy program. ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2024; 48:338-346. [PMID: 38482562 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00173.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Pharmacists are increasingly becoming the healthcare professional who interacts most regularly with patients who have diseases or disorders for which exercise is an effective and recommended treatment. With the relative scarcity of clinical exercise physiologists in the United States, pharmacists are expected to provide lifestyle advice to their patients, especially in community (i.e. retail) pharmacy settings, but student pharmacists typically receive no formal or informal training in exercise physiology and prescription. To address this deficit, an elective course was developed to provide student pharmacists with the knowledge and skill set that will enable them to apply evidence-based physical activity guidelines in the pharmacy. The course utilized the Exercise is Medicine resources for chronic diseases and disorders that are routinely encountered in community pharmacies, in addition to analysis of interactions between exercise and medications commonly prescribed for these conditions. After completion of the course, students reported being significantly more comfortable discussing physical activity with their patients compared to the start of the course (P < 0.001). Similarly, at the end of the course, 99% of students reported that they felt confident in their ability to apply evidence-based recommendations of common diseases and disorders to their patients. Postcourse student evaluations clearly demonstrated that student pharmacists viewed the course positively and as essential in their professional training. These data highlight the feasibility and efficacy of improving self-perceptions for the provision of physical activity recommendations via an elective course in physical activity prescription in a Doctor of Pharmacy program.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study describes a new elective course in physical activity prescription for Doctor of Pharmacy students. After completing the course, students reported improved self-perceptions for the provision of physical activity recommendations. This course fills a gap in pharmacy education and this study provides future directions to improve training in lifestyle modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marsh Susan A
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, United States
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Zhong XL, Sheng DL, Cheng TZ, Zhang ZW. Effect of exercise prescription teaching on exercise quality and mental health status of college students. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:191-202. [PMID: 37303933 PMCID: PMC10251364 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i5.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The teaching mode of fitness exercise prescriptions for college students in physical education conforms to the scientific principles and rules of fitness, which can adapt to the characteristics of students' individual physiological functions and stimulate their interest in learning.
AIM To analyze the effect of prescribed exercise teaching on the sports quality and mental health of college students.
METHODS The participants of the study were 240 students in our class of 2021, of which 142 were men and 98 were women. The 240 students were randomly divided into an experimental group using the exercise prescription teaching model and a control group using the conventional teaching model. The experimental and control groups were divided into four classes of 30 students each. The teaching activities of the two teaching mode groups were strictly controlled, and the same tests were used before and after the experiment to test the subjects' exercise quality (in-cluding standing long jump, 50 m race, 800 m race, sit-ups, sit-and-reach), physical form (including height, weight, Ketorolai index), cardiopulmonary function (including heart rate, blood pressure, spirometry, 12-min running distance, maximum oxygen intake) and mental health (SCL-90, including somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoia, psychotic symptoms) to understand the effects of the exercise prescription teaching mode on students' physical and mental health status.
RESULTS There were differences in the exercise scores of standing long jump, 50 m, 800 m/1000 m running, sit-ups, and sit-and-reach in the experimental group after the experiment compared with those before the experiment, and the above indices of the experimental group were different from those of the control group after the experiment (P < 0.05). There were differences in body weight and Ketorolai index in the experimental group after the experiment compared to those before the experiment, and the indices of the experimental group were also different from those of the control group after the experiment (P < 0.05). After the experiment, there were differences in spirometry, 12-min running distance, and maximum oxygen intake in the experimental group compared to those before the experiment, and the indices of the experimental group were also different from those of the control group after the experiment (P < 0.05). After the experiment, the indicators of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, and hostility in the experimental group were different from those in the pre-experimental group, and the indexes of the experimental group were also different from those of the control group after the experiment (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Exercise prescription teaching can mobilize college students' consciousness, enthusiasm, and initiative; expand personalities; enhance physical fitness and improve their mental health more than the conventional fitness exercise prescription teaching method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Long Zhong
- Police Command and Tactics Department, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Da-Li Sheng
- Police Command and Tactics Department, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tong-Zhou Cheng
- Police Command and Tactics Department, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhe-Wei Zhang
- Police Command and Tactics Department, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
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Taylor S, Franich A, Jones S, Glass BD. From Identity to Ambugity: Exploring Interprofessional Collaboration Opportunities for Pharmacists in Rural and Remote Australia. PHARMACY 2023; 11:pharmacy11020077. [PMID: 37104083 PMCID: PMC10145656 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy11020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rural and remote populations are predisposed to poorer health outcomes, largely associated with limited access to health services and health professionals. This disparity provides an opportunity for health professionals to work collaboratively in interdisciplinary teams to deliver improved health outcomes for rural and remote communities. This study aims to explore exercise physiologist and podiatrist perceptions of interprofessional practice opportunities with pharmacists. Role theory provided a framework for this qualitative study. Interviews were conducted, recorded, transcribed, and thematically analysed according to the constructs of role theory (role identity, role sufficiency, role overload, role conflict, and role ambiguity). The perceptions of participants varied, largely due to the lack of understanding of the role and scope of the practice of a pharmacist. Participants acknowledged and adopted a flexible approach to the way in which they delivered health services to meet the needs of the community. They also described a more "generalist" approach to care, owing to the high prevalence of disease and disease complexity, along with a lack of staffing and resources. The potential for increased interprofessional collaboration was supported and identified as a strategy to manage significant workloads and provide improved patient healthcare. The application of role theory to this qualitative study provides insight into perceptions of interprofessional practice that may inform future development of remote practice models of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Taylor
- Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Murtupuni Mount Isa Centre for Rural and Remote Health, Mount Isa, QLD 4825, Australia
| | - Alannah Franich
- Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Sophie Jones
- Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Beverley D Glass
- Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
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Kelley GA, Kelley KS, Pate RR. Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents With Obesity: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Am J Lifestyle Med 2022; 16:485-510. [PMID: 35860364 PMCID: PMC9290181 DOI: 10.1177/1559827620988839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in children and adolescents with obesity. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of exercise ≥4 weeks in children and adolescents with obesity were included if one or more CVD risk factors were included as an outcome. Studies were retrieved by searching 7 electronic databases, cross-referencing, and expert review. Data were pooled using the inverse-variance heterogeneity (IVhet) model and strength of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) instrument. Thirty-nine studies representing 1548 participants (847 exercise, 701 control) met the inclusion criteria. Aerobic exercise improved 10 of 12 (83.3%) outcomes (P < .05 for all) while combined aerobic and strength training improved 5 of 8 (62.5%) outcomes (P < .05 for all). The strength of evidence ranged from "very low" to "moderate." It was concluded that aerobic exercise, as well as combined aerobic and strength training, is associated with improvements in multiple CVD risk factors among children and adolescents with obesity. However, the generally low strength of evidence suggests a need for future well-designed and conducted RCTs on the effects of exercise, especially strength training, in children and adolescents with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A. Kelley
- School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Kristi S. Kelley
- School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Russell R. Pate
- Children’s Physical Activity Research Group, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
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Falcon A, Vermeesch A, Stoutenberg M, Sampson E, Bender-Stephanski M, Webb W, Woo Y. Inclusion of physical activity in nurse practitioner programs: A national perspective. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract 2022; 34:711-719. [PMID: 35312654 DOI: 10.1097/jxx.0000000000000699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) provides a multitude of health benefits, creating an avenue for disease prevention and management. Health care providers play a crucial role in helping patients become more active, yet little is known about the preparation of primary care nurse practitioners (NPs) to aid in this effort. PURPOSE To examine the amount and type of PA training offered in primary care NP programs in the United States. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study design was used. Eligible programs' websites were reviewed, and an online survey of program leaders assessed details regarding the inclusion of PA training, barriers, and future plans. RESULTS Data extracted from 1,067 NP program websites revealed that 81.7% of websites (n = 264) with course descriptions contained one or more general health promotion keywords, whereas only 0.6% (n = 2) included a PA-specific keyword. Two-hundred institutions (53.2%) completed the program leader survey, of which 45.0% reported no inclusion of PA training. Among institutions providing PA training, 82.2% (n = 88) and 55.1% (n = 59) reported the inclusion of aerobic activity and strength training recommendations, respectively. Forty-one institutions (46.1%) felt that their institution prepared students to effectively counsel patients on starting a PA program. CONCLUSIONS Although some NP programs include PA content, most provide no or less-than-adequate PA training. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The current state of PA training in NP programs may hinder health promotion and disease prevention efforts. Programs should dedicate sufficient time and attention to preparing future NPs to promote PA behaviors. A multifaceted, multistakeholder approach is needed to facilitate widespread adoption of PA inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Falcon
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Mark Stoutenberg
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emma Sampson
- Department of Health & Human Performance, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, Tennessee
| | | | - Willow Webb
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Yerin Woo
- , Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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6
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Grogg KA, Giacobbi PR, Blair EK, Haggerty TS, Lilly CL, Winters CS, Kelley GA. Physical Activity Assessment and Promotion in Clinical Settings in the United States: A Scoping Review. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:714-737. [PMID: 35224998 DOI: 10.1177/08901171211051840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this scoping review was to systematically examine interventions that focused on physical activity assessment and promotion in clinical settings in the United States. DATA SOURCES A literature search was performed in 6 major databases to extract published peer-reviewed studies from 2008 to 2019. INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA Interventions with practicing health professionals in the United States who performed physical activity assessment and promotion with adult patients 18 years of age and older. Studies were excluded if they were published in non-English, observational or case study designs, or gray literature. DATA EXTRACTION Studies were screened and coded based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcomes and study setting for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) framework. Of 654 studies that were identified and screened for eligibility, 78 met eligibility criteria and were independently coded by two coders. DATA SYNTHESIS Data were synthesized using qualitative and descriptive methods. RESULTS Forty-three of the included studies were randomized controlled trials with a majority being delivered by physicians and nurses in primary care settings. Fifty-six studies reported statistically significant findings in outcome measures such as anthropometrics and chronic disease risk factors, with 17 demonstrating improvements in physical activity levels as a result of the interventions. CONCLUSION The assessment and promotion of physical activity in clinical settings appears to be effective but warrants continued research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin A Grogg
- West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute, 5631West Virginia University School of Medicine and Honors College, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Peter R Giacobbi
- Department of Sport Sciences, Joint Appointment in Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, 5631West Virginia University College of Physical Activity & Sport Sciences, School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Emma K Blair
- Department of Exercise Physiology, 5631West Virginia University, School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Treah S Haggerty
- Department of Family Medicine, 5631West Virginia University, School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Christa L Lilly
- Department of Biostatistics, 5631West Virginia University, School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Carena S Winters
- Department of Kinesiology, 4121Jacksonville University, Brooks Rehabilitation College of Healthcare Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - George A Kelley
- Department of Biostatistics, 5631West Virginia University, School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Viegas R, Godinho CA, Romano S. Physical activity promotion in community pharmacies: pharmacists' attitudes and behaviours. Pharm Pract (Granada) 2021; 19:2413. [PMID: 34621452 PMCID: PMC8455122 DOI: 10.18549/pharmpract.2021.3.2413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health systems and their professionals play a key role in the promotion and maintenance of behaviours contributing to increased physical activity levels. Pharmacists are well placed within communities, making them an accessible source to provide brief advice to people on how to be more physically active. Objective This study aimed to characterize physical activity promotion actions taking place in the Portuguese community pharmacies, as well as the major facilitators and barriers faced by pharmacists in their daily practice. Methods A cross-sectional study based on an online questionnaire targeting community pharmacists was developed based on COM-B model and the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and distributed by email to 94% of the Portuguese pharmacies. Results In total, 396 complete responses from community pharmacists were obtained. Three out of four participants reported to promote physical activity in their daily routine, of which 87.7% reported doing it in only a few attendances. The majority (92.3%) mentioned to provide information orally, with walking being the activity most promoted (99.4%). More active and younger pharmacists were more likely to promote physical activity. Nearly all pharmacists (98.7%) believed it was important or very important to practice regular physical activity for the health, but only 41.4% of the respondents were able to correctly identify the WHO general recommendations for physical activity. The lack of coordination with other healthcare professionals (M=3.35; SD=1.11), lack of interest by customers (M=3.25; SD=1.09) and lack of time (M=3.06; SD=1.10) were the main barriers to physical activity promotion, all scoring above the scale mid-point (i.e., 3). Conclusions Physical activity promotion in the Portuguese community pharmacies is still not present as daily activity. Younger pharmacists seem to be a generation that better understand this need and could easily integrate this practice in their daily routine. Possibilities for including pharmacies and pharmacists as promoters of physical activity in the primary health care sector in the future are discussed in the light of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rúben Viegas
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon. Lisbon (Portugal).
| | - Cristina A Godinho
- Católica Research Centre for Psychological, Family and Social Wellbeing, Catholic University of Portugal. Lisbon (Portugal).
| | - Sónia Romano
- Centre for Health Evaluation & Research (CEFAR), National Association of Pharmacies (ANF). Lisbon (Portugal).
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de Lira CAB, Silva ZA, Gentil P, Vieira CA, Campos MH, Vancini RL, Andrade MS, Santana MGD. Presence of exercise physiology or similar coursework in the curricula of Brazilian health science undergraduate programs. ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2021; 45:172-177. [PMID: 33661052 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00044.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bolstered by evidence of the health benefits of exercise, health professionals advise their patients about it. Thus these professionals should have a basic knowledge of exercise physiology. In Brazil, a graduate degree is not mandatory, so for many health providers, the only opportunity to receive information on exercise physiology content is during their undergraduate study. Therefore, it is imperative that health science undergraduate programs include content on exercise physiology. The aim of the study was to verify the presence of exercise physiology (or similar coursework) in the curricula of seven health science undergraduate programs (biomedicine, physical education, nursing, physiotherapy, medicine, nutrition, and psychology). The study was divided into three phases: 1) a survey of the total number of undergraduate programs (n = 4,940) through an electronic system of the Brazilian Ministry of Education (e-MEC); 2) a random selection of 10% of the total undergraduate programs (n = 494) for further analysis of the curriculum; and 3) analysis of the curricula of the selected undergraduate programs. Of 494 undergraduate programs, we did not find curricula for 77 of them. Therefore, the final sample consisted of 417 undergraduate programs. In total, 65.9% of the undergraduate programs did not offer coursework in exercise physiology. The chi-square test revealed a significant association between undergraduate curricula in health science and the presence or absence of exercise physiology coursework [X2(6, n = 417) = 293.0, P < 0.0001]. We did not find exercise physiology coursework in most of the analyzed undergraduate programs. Alternatives to solve the lack of exercise physiology coursework would be the inclusion of content related to exercise physiology in professional/graduate education or in continuing education programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira
- Laboratório de Avaliação do Movimento Humano, Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Zeuxis Assis Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade Federal de Jataí, Jataí, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Laboratório de Avaliação do Movimento Humano, Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Vieira
- Laboratório de Avaliação do Movimento Humano, Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Mário Hebling Campos
- Laboratório de Avaliação do Movimento Humano, Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Luiz Vancini
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Gonçalves de Santana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade Federal de Jataí, Jataí, Brazil
- Unidade Acadêmica Especial de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Jataí, Jataí, Brazil
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Kelley GA, Kelley KS, Pate RR. How Many US Children and Adolescents with Overweight and Obesity Could Improve Their Percent Body Fat by Exercising?: Meta-Analytic Based Estimates. Child Obes 2021; 17:144-150. [PMID: 33544030 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2020.0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Provide national estimates of the number of US children and adolescents with overweight and obesity who could improve their percent body fat by exercising. Methods: Data were derived from (1) a previous meta-analysis, (2) 2015-2016 prevalence data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and (3) 2017 US Census population data. Multiplicative calculations were based on (1) number-needed-to treat data from a previous meta-analysis of the number of children with overweight and obesity who could reduce their percent body fat by participating in either aerobic, strength, or combined aerobic and strength training, (2) 2015-2016 NHANES data on the prevalence of children and adolescents with overweight or obesity, and (3) 2017 US Census population data on children and adolescents 2-19 years of age. Results: For both children and adolescents with overweight or obesity, the number who could improve their percent body fat was estimated at 4,388,273 [95% confidence interval (CI) 3,831,523-4,845,023] for either aerobic or strength exercise and 6,507,410 (95% CI 5,744,285-7,267,534) for combined aerobic and strength exercise. Conclusions: A large number of US children and adolescents with overweight and obesity could improve their percent body fat by exercising.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Kelley
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Kristi S Kelley
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Russell R Pate
- Children's Physical Activity Research Group, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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White N. Academic Training, Knowledge, and Perceptions of Physical Activity in Student Pharmacists. Am J Lifestyle Med 2021; 15:227-229. [PMID: 34025311 DOI: 10.1177/1559827621989284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacists are highly effective in providing chronic disease management services in both the community pharmacy and ambulatory clinic settings in large part because of their medication therapy management expertise. Lifestyle medicine, including physical activity, plays a major role in chronic disease prevention and management. As such, physical activity knowledge and counseling skills are an important component of pharmacy student education. However, the literature indicates that pharmacy students may not be receiving adequate training in these areas. The following will describe the academic training, knowledge, and perceptions of physical activity in student pharmacists.
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11
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Pojednic R, Stoutenberg M. Key Steps to Implementing Physical Activity into Health Professional Training Programs. Curr Sports Med Rep 2020; 19:396-398. [PMID: 33031203 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000000756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Pojednic
- Department of Nutrition, College of Natural, Behavioral and Health Sciences, Simmons University, Boston, MA
| | - Mark Stoutenberg
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
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12
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Stoutenberg M, Powell BJ, Busignani PJ, Bowersock AH, Pojednic R. Identifying Key Physical Activity Categories and Topics to Include in Health Professional Training Programs. TEACHING AND LEARNING IN MEDICINE 2020; 32:362-370. [PMID: 32107937 DOI: 10.1080/10401334.2020.1730183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phenomenon: Healthcare is an important sector in promoting physical activity (PA). However, few health professional training programs include PA, nor does standardized guidance exist on implementing it in the curriculum. This study aimed to consolidate health professional expert opinion on key PA categories and topics that should be included in the curriculum of health professional training programs. Approach: A three-round, modified e-Delphi process examined the opinions of 73 experts from seven health professions (clinical nutrition, exercise physiology, medicine, nursing, occupational therapy, physical therapy, physician assistants). In Round 1, panelists reported importance, ranked, and scored five broad PA categories, and responded to open-ended prompts for additional categories. In Round 2, panelists received summary feedback, re-ranked and re-scored PA categories, and suggested key PA topics within the five categories. In the final round, panelists viewed, ranked, and scored the PA topics. Findings: Expert panelists felt that all PA categories were important, with Health Behavior Change ranking the highest (98.7%) followed by Cellular and Systemic Implications of Exercise, Clinical Exercise Physiology, and PA and Public Health. The Administrative Aspects of Integrating PA into Health Systems ranked least important (48.0%). A consensus on the key PA categories was considered reached after two rounds. Five to eight specific PA topics were generated within each PA category and ranked in order of importance. Insights: These findings highlight several key PA categories and topics that can serve as a foundation for a diverse number of health professional training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Stoutenberg
- Department of Health & Human Performance, University of Tennessee Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
| | - Byron J Powell
- Brown School, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Allison H Bowersock
- Department of Basic Sciences, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Rachele Pojednic
- College of Natural, Behavioral and Health Sciences, Simmons University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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13
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Dirks-Naylor AJ, Griffiths CL, Bush MA. Exercise is medicine: student pharmacists' perceptions and knowledge of exercise prescription. ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2018; 42:289-294. [PMID: 29676608 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00089.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With healthcare costs on the rise, a global initiative was launched in 2007, called Exercise is Medicine, to prescribe and counsel patients on exercise to aid in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Since community pharmacists are one of the most accessible healthcare providers, this is an opportunity for pharmacists to also engage in this initiative. This study aimed to assess pharmacy student perceptions and knowledge on exercise to determine whether they are adequately prepared to counsel patients on exercise prescription. Third and fourth year pharmacy students were surveyed to test their basic knowledge of exercise prescription. Results show that 93.5% of students agreed or strongly agreed that it is important for pharmacists to counsel patients about exercise. The mean (SD) score for the 11 basic knowledge quiz questions on exercise prescription was 28.9% (SD 16.8), with no significant difference between third and fourth year pharmacy students. While students deemed exercise counseling as important, students proved deficient in exercise prescription knowledge. Schools of pharmacy may consider increasing curricular content to be congruent with this initiative.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark A Bush
- School of Pharmacy, Wingate University, Wingate, North Carolina
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