Considering the distress experienced by caregivers, numerous support systems have been devised. Recently, interventions focused on positive psychology have resulted in beneficial effects for caregivers. This study aimed to investigate the experience of caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease with an online positive psychology intervention.

To understand caregivers' experiences of an 8-week positive psychology intervention, 10 participants participated in a semistructured individual interview. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was carried out on the interviews.

Three themes were identified. [1] Engaging half-heartedly: Positive psychology was initially perceived as an unknown and caregivers expressed their scepticism before gradually integrating the intervention into their daily routine. [2] Letting yourself be destabilized: Caregivers went through an uncomfortable phase, becoming aware of their overprotective or controlling behaviours and the consequences of their psychological distress. [3] A springboard to change: Several realizations resulted in changes, such as reactivating internal resources and cultivating a more balanced outlook with less focus on the illness of the care receiver and the caregiving situation.

The results show that caregivers were completely autonomous during the online intervention and engaged in the processes promoted by positive psychology, which supports further development of online resources for caregivers.

Objectives: To explore the experience of post-traumatic growth among parents of children with biliary atresia undergoing living-related liver transplantation.Methods: Participants were recruited within 2 weeks of their child's transplant surgery using purposive sampling. Transcripts were analyzed using Colaizzi's descriptive analysis framework, with collaborative analysis conducted using NVivo 12 software and a post-traumatic growth model.Results: Five themes were identified: (a) experiencing a devastating blow, (b) cognitive reconstruction under overwhelming pain, (c) an arduous journey of decision-making, (d) rebirth in adversity and (e) post-traumatic growth. Parents undergo significant post-traumatic responses to their child's diagnosis of biliary atresia and liver transplantation, marking two major traumatic events. During the diagnostic stage, parents experience intense post-traumatic reactions characterized by emotional fluctuations and intrusive thoughts. The early treatment phase represents a crucial time for parents to transition from `denial of reality' to `accepting diseases'. The process of liver transplantation is also a significant traumatic event, accompanied by a final hope. Parents in the stable period after liver transplantation feel fortunate, hopeful and grateful, and their post-traumatic growth manifests gradually.Conclusions: Parents' experience of post-traumatic growth involves dynamic changes. Tailored intervention strategies should be developed for different stages to enhance their post-traumatic growth and psychological well-being. During the early treatment stage, mental health professionals could provide cognitive interventions to encourage parents to express their negative emotions and guide them to develop positive cognition toward traumatic events. The coping strategies and increasing personal growth are also important. In the postoperative stage, mental health professionals need to fully evaluate the coping styles of parents, and encourage them to establish effective internal coping strategies, while classic gratitude interventions could be given during the post-traumatic growth stage. Future research could involve a longitudinal qualitative study to explore parents' post-traumatic growth experiences at different stages of their children's transplantation process.

Drawing upon previous research, this paper creatively combines different methods to conduct text analysis of cancer diaries related to cancer treatment on Chinese social media Weibo, and explores the sentiment, adoption of cancer frames, and psychological aspects of language. Initially, sentiment analysis technology is employed to investigate the sentiment in cancer diaries. Subsequently, the cancer frames in the text data are encoded, and similarity analysis is conducted to depict the associations among different frames. Lastly, the psycholinguistic dictionary of Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) and Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) are utilized to explore the multivariate associations among different sentiment orientations, frames, and psychological states. Our study aims to aid in understanding the concerns and communication of patient groups regarding the cancer treatment process, provide actionable insights for healthcare professionals and researchers to better understand patient experiences and improve cancer care communication.

ObjectivesWe investigated whether receiving greater pain-related instrumental support is associated with poorer psychological well-being among chronic pain patients who report less positive (e.g., grateful) or more negative (e.g., angry) emotional responses to support.MethodsWe conducted regression analyses, utilizing data from two waves of interviews with 152 knee osteoarthritis patients. Three indicators of psychological well-being were examined: depressive symptoms, positive affect, and negative affect.ResultsReceiving greater support was associated with poorer psychological well-being at baseline, as well as higher depressive symptoms and negative affect at the 18-month follow-up, only among patients with low positive emotional responses to support. Furthermore, receiving greater support was related to poorer psychological well-being at baseline only among patients with high negative emotional responses to support.DiscussionCare recipients' less positive emotional responses to support may be a risk factor for poorer psychological well-being in both the short- and long-term, when receiving greater support.

Non-neuronal cells constitute a significant portion of brain tissue and are seen as having key roles in brain homeostasis and responses to challenges. This review illustrates how non-neuronal biology can bring new perspectives to animal welfare through understanding mechanisms that determine welfare outcomes and highlighting interventions to improve welfare. Most obvious in this respect is the largely unrecognised relevance of neuroinflammation to animal welfare which is increasingly found to have roles in determining how animals respond to challenges. We start by introducing non-neuronal cells and review their involvement in affective states and cognition often seen as core psychological elements of animal welfare. We find that the evidence for a causal involvement of glia in cognition is currently more advanced than the corresponding evidence for affective states. We propose that translational research on affective disorders could usefully apply welfare science derived approaches for assessing affective states. Using evidence from translational research, we illustrate the involvement of non-neuronal cells and neuroinflammatory processes as mechanisms modulating resilience to welfare challenges including disease, pain, and social stress. We review research on impoverished environments and environmental enrichment which suggests that environmental conditions which improve animal welfare also improve resilience to challenges through balancing pro- and anti-inflammatory non-neuronal processes. We speculate that non-neuronal biology has relevance to animal welfare beyond neuro-inflammation including facilitating positive affective states. We acknowledge the relevance of neuronal biology to animal welfare whilst proposing that non-neuronal biology provides additional and relevant insights to improve animals' lives.

In May 2020, China shifted its COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control status from "emergency" to "regularization". However, thus far, limited research has investigated the mental health of adolescents in Wuhan during this phase. This study examined the mental health status of adolescents in Wuhan during the regular prevention and control against COVID-19 period and explored whether psychological resilience mediated the relationship between adolescent family functioning and depression.

A cross - sectional survey was conducted from September to December 2022 in Wuhan. Using a census methodology, 2,410 students from a secondary vocational school were recruited for the study. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to investigate the independent effect of family functioning and psychological resilience on adolescent depression. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between family functioning and depression.

The detection rate of depression among adolescent students was 35.77%. Both family functioning and psychological resilience were significantly and negatively associated with the prevalence of depression, with OR=0.800 (95%CI: 0.772-0.830) and OR=0.950 (95%CI: 0.938-0.962) respectively. Family functioning was not only directly related to depression (β = -0.575 [95% CI: -0.655, -0.505]), but also through the mediating effect of psychological resilience (β = -0.135 [95% CI: -0.173, -0.099]). Psychological resilience partially mediated the effect of family functioning on depression, with the mediating effect accounting for 19.72% of the total effect.

The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially exacerbated mental health issues among adolescents in Wuhan, China and further attention is required. The detrimental impact of poor family functioning on adolescents' depression may be reduced by fostering psychological resilience.

This novel study investigates adult playfulness during recent wartime in the Middle East using the OLIW model of playfulness and the concept of fantastic reality ability to utilize imagination in response to stress and trauma. Through a network analysis approach, we explore the relationships between playfulness, resilience, and clinical symptoms among N = 1511 Israeli participants. Our findings highlight the nuanced dynamics of playfulness amidst adversity. Notably, playfulness-particularly lighthearted playfulness-emerges as closely linked to resilience, suggesting its role as a coping mechanism during war. Additionally, the centrality of dissociation and transcendence within the network underscores their importance as potential targets for therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, our analysis highlights the potential roles of playful imagination and control, advocating for the testing of tailored interventions to enhance coping strategies and mental health outcomes in war-affected populations. This study offers valuable insights into responses to adversity, with implications for promoting resilience and mitigating the impact of trauma.

College students worldwide are encountering significant mental health challenges and positive psychological approaches are effective in addressing these issues. Psychological capital as a construct having origin from organizational psychology plays an important role in young people's education and mental health. The dimensions of psychological capital and spiritual well-being play an important role in manifesting emotional experiences, both positive and negative, among young individuals. In the contemporary scenario, where social and economic factors act as deciding factors in deciphering and influencing emotions, there is a dire need to focus on the positive developmental aspects of human behavior. We, thus, explore the interconnection between psychological capital and spiritual well-being and quantitatively investigate how both of them influence the emotional experiences of college students (N = 214). Results from the regression analysis suggest that psychological capital predicts positive emotions, whereas spiritual well-being mediates this relationship. One of the practical implications of our results suggest that these three variables have good interventional potential for well-being promotion studies.

Frailty in older adults increases vulnerability to stressors, contributing to adverse outcomes such as falls, hospitalizations, and disability. Resilience has been identified as a protective factor that supports physical function, cognitive health, and independence in daily activities. This study aimed to examine the direct and indirect effects of resilience on daily activity engagement, with subjective cognition as a mediator and social support as a moderator.

A secondary data analysis was conducted with a convenience sample of 397 frail, community-dwelling older adults drawn from a national survey. A moderated mediation model was tested using SPSS and the PROCESS macro (Model 14, version 4.3). Age (treated as a continuous variable) and sex (dummy-coded, with male as the reference group) were included as covariates due to their previously established associations with daily activity engagement.

A total of 212 women and 185 men participated in this study with a mean age of 73.51 years (SD = 6.48). Resilience has a significant direct effect on daily activity engagement (β = 0.57, t = 4.99, p < 0.001). The standardized regression coefficient decreased from 0.57 to 0.41 (t = 3.51, p < 0.001) when subjective cognition was included in the model, confirming the partial mediating effect. In the moderation model, resilience (β = 0.34), subjective cognition (β = 0.38), and social support (β = 0.29) were significant predictors of daily activity engagement. The interaction effect between subjective cognition and social support was significant (β = 0.04, BootCI 0.01, 0.08), showing that subjective cognition significantly predicts daily activity engagement only when specific levels of social support are present. The moderated mediation index was small but significant (β = 0.02, BootCI [0.001, 0.03]), even after controlling for age and sex.

This study identified resilience, subjective cognition, and social support as essential factors in promoting daily activity engagement among frail older adults. The role of social support as moderator was confirmed in helping older adults maintain their independence through enhanced resilience and subjective cognition. Further research should explore the broader aspects of social support to fully understand its impact on active aging dynamics.

Confucian self-cultivation, deeply rooted in Chinese traditional culture, provides a rich philosophical framework that significantly enhances academic engagement through its emphasis on continuous learning and self-improvement. Resilience and peace of mind may serve as critical psychological mechanisms through which these cultural practices influence students' academic commitment and performance. This study aimed to explore the link between Confucian self-cultivation and academic engagement through the serial mediation effects of resilience and peace of mind among college students.

A sample of 1083 college students (36.8 % male, 63.2 % female; Mage = 20.39 years, SD = 1.49, range = 17-25 years) completed the Confucian Self-Cultivation Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Peace of Mind scale, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for Student (UWES-9S). The serial mediation analysis was performed using Hayes' PROCESS macro (Model 6).

Confucian self-cultivation had a significant direct effect on academic engagement and through three significant indirect pathways involving resilience, peace of mind, and their serial relationship. Both resilience and peace of mind played mediating roles, with resilience pathway yielding the largest proportion of the indirect effect.

The study has a cross-sectional design, which limits the ability to make causal inferences.

This study highlights the serial mediating role of resilience and peace of mind as the psychological factors in the relationship between Confucian self-cultivation and academic engagement. Therefore, Confucian self-cultivation interventions for college students have the potential to improve their peace of mind and academic engagement.

The collective collapse of a sport team is typically accompanied by unpleasant emotions and their transfer between team members. Strategies to regulate these emotions may determine whether a team collapse unfolds in a team. Applying a pragmatist interpretivist paradigm, we explored emotion regulation strategies applied by sport teams in team collapse versus performance recovery situations and used video recordings of both situations to stimulate focus group interviews and conduct written observations. Twenty-two athletes of four sport teams (cricket, volleyball, and European handball) and three observers from the same sports participated. We used reflexive thematic analysis to analyze the data. Results showed that applied emotion regulation strategies differed between team collapse and performance recovery situations with fewer and less effective strategies used in team collapse situations. This may be due to an emotional shutdown and/or the avoidance of emotion regulation. Future research developing and testing prevention and intervention strategies is needed.

This study investigated the effects of interactive versus reading bibliotherapy using picture books on emotional distress, coping strategies, and resilience among adolescents with cancer.

In this multicenter pilot randomized controlled trial with qualitative interviews, 27 patients aged 10-19 years diagnosed with leukemia or osteosarcoma within the past two years and undergoing treatment were randomly assigned to interactive bibliotherapy (n = 14) or reading bibliotherapy (n = 13). Each participant completed two sessions with picture books, 1-2 weeks apart. Emotional distress, coping strategies, and resilience were measured at baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention (T1), and at a one-month follow-up (T2). Interviews at T2 explored intervention effects and participant feedback.

At one-month follow-up, the experimental group showed significantly lower negative affect than the comparison group. No significant differences were found in positive affect, coping strategies, or resilience. Participants reported interactive bibliotherapy promoted support, emotional connection, and inner strength, while the comparison group experienced brief relaxation and distraction. Picture books resonated with illness experiences and were suitable during chemotherapy. Participants recommended more frequent sessions.

This study provided preliminary evidence that interactive bibliotherapy was more effective than reading bibliotherapy in alleviating emotional distress. Picture books may represent a promising psychological intervention for adolescents undergoing cancer treatment.

www.

gov, NCT05510635.

Although secular mindfulness interventions draw from contemplative traditions emphasizing relationality, evidence for impacts of such interventions on relational outcomes remains inconsistent. This study was designed to clarify conditions under which mindfulness training can improve relational functioning in a perinatal context where quality of relationship-building carries particularly important consequences for intergenerational health.

We used a randomized controlled trial to test effects of prenatal participation in Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting (MBCP) vs. community birthing classes on trajectories of anxious birthing-people's individual (dispositional mindfulness, mental health, parenting stress) and relational (mindfulness in parenting, compassion, bonding with the fetus/infant) functioning across pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 3-month postnatal follow-up assessments. Multilevel growth curve models examined both main effects of intervention and moderation by participants' baseline risk and mindfulness dosage.

We found a main effect favoring MBCP on parenting stress only. Moderation models revealed significant effects of MBCP in predicted directions on both individual and relational outcomes for birthing-people with lower sociodemographic risk but elevated anxiety at baseline, as well as for those who engaged more with mindfulness practice both during and following the class.

This study shows relational benefits of prenatal mindfulness training depend on birthing-people's baseline risk characteristics and practice dosage. Insight into sources of differential impact can guide further targeting and adapting mindfulness interventions to better support well-being in diverse families.

This study was registered prospectively at ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT05241600 (protocol identifier 19,461 starting 12/1/2018 at IL site and identifier 19,138 starting 1/26/2022 at PA site).

The swift growth of e-commerce has markedly changed how consumers shop, especially among Generation Z, which is called Digital Natives. This study examines how product presentation videos on the Shopee video platform influence impulse buying behaviors in this group, focusing on how internal stimuli, including entertainment experience (ET), educational experience (ED), escapist experience (ES), and esthetic experience (EH) influence online impulse buying (OIB) through the mediation of arousal (AR) and pleasure (PL). In addition, demographic factors, including age, gender, and income, are treated as control variables. This research adopts a quantitative methodology, and data was gathered using a Likert scale questionnaire and a non-probability sampling method, while the SmartPLS statistical tool was used to analyze the interactions of these stimuli and their effect on the impulse buying behavior of Generation Z on digital platforms. Research indicates that entertainment and recreational activities boost emotional engagement by eliciting arousal and pleasure. Educational experiences increase knowledge and also stimulate these feelings. Escapist activities provide temporary relief from daily stresses, increasing arousal, but can also highlight personal insecurities, possibly reducing pleasure. Esthetic experiences, subject to personal tastes, provoke emotional reactions that may vary in pleasure. For Generation Z, arousal and pleasure significantly influence impulsive buying decisions. The insights indicate that effectively managing internal factors can trigger emotions leading to impulsive purchases, offering strategic marketing tactics for optimizing e-commerce on platforms like Shopee video. This research advances the understanding of consumer behavior theories in the digital era, emphasizing the intricate roles of arousal and pleasure in online impulse buying.

Understanding positive psychological factors (PPFs; internal strengths, socioemotional support) that promote optimal health outcomes among people with HIV (PWH) is increasingly important. 122 PWH and 98 people without HIV (PWoH) were included in multivariable regressions, testing interactions between HIV status and PPFs on 7 cognitive domains and 2 daily functioning outcomes, controlling for depressive symptoms. Overall, higher internal strengths were related to better learning and memory, whereas higher socioemotional support was related to better processing speed and psychomotor speed. PWH had a stronger positive relationship between PPFs and verbal fluency than PWoH. Overall, higher internal strengths were associated with fewer daily functioning impairments; however, only PWoH showed fewer functional declines with higher socioemotional support. PWH may require greater socioemotional support to accommodate an increased burden of comorbidities leading to functional difficulties. Among PWH, bolstering PPFs may improve cognition; however, internal strengths may particularly benefit daily functioning.

How might we cultivate a life imbued with purpose and meaning? Though common experience indicates purpose and meaning are inherently important, empirical evidence confirms they are also linked to improved health/well-being. However, childhood antecedents of purpose and meaning in adulthood are understudied. We analyzed nationally representative data from 22 countries in the Global Flourishing Study (N = 202,898) and evaluated whether 11 aspects of a child's upbringing correlate with purpose and meaning in adulthood, and if these associations vary by country. Some childhood factors were associated with increased purpose and meaning, including: good health, good relationship with parents, economic stability, regular religious service attendance, being female, and older birth cohorts. Childhood factors associated with decreased purpose and meaning included: abuse, feeling alienated, poor health, economic hardship, and loss of a parent. These findings may inform the development of programs designed to foster purpose and meaning that are globally adaptable and locally nuanced.

One of the prerequisites for the development of research on workplace spirituality is to delineate the boundary between the spiritual dimension, which is its most distinctive element, and other dimensions that have been traditionally included in the conceptualization and operationalization of this construct. To achieve this goal, the profiles of the dimensions of workplace spirituality were explored in the current study, and their correlates were tested. Before conducting a latent profile analysis (LPA), the psychometric properties of the Spirit at Work Scale (SAWS) were examined. The sample consisted of 816 Polish primary school teachers with a mean age of 46.48 years (SD = 9.55) who completed the online survey. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis yielded the three-factor structure of the SAWS, which includes "meaningful work," "sense of community at work," and "spiritual connection at work." Using an LPA, four profiles of the dimensions of workplace spirituality were identified: three homogeneous ones (high, average, and low scores on all dimensions) and one that was heterogeneous (low scores on the spiritual dimension and average scores on the other dimensions). Differences in sociodemographics, religiosity, and work-related factors were found between the profiles. The results indicate the utility of using a person-centered approach to explore the dimensions of workplace spirituality and capture the uniqueness of the spiritual dimension.

Psychologists have long debated the relative benefits of a happy life versus a meaningful life, assuming these to be only two major dimensions of a good life. Here, we propose an alternative: a psychologically rich life, or a life filled with diverse, interesting experiences. Psychologically rich lives not only feel different from meaningful or happy lives, but also have different correlates. Unlike happiness and meaning in life, openness to experience is the strongest personality predictor of a psychologically rich life. While happy and meaningful lives are associated with conservative worldviews, psychologically rich lives are not. Instead, such lives are characterized by attributional complexity, holism, and unusual perspective-changing experiences. This psychologically rich life, we suggest, offers a third path to the good life.

Parents often juggle multiple conflicting responsibilities, including work, childcare, and the household, making them a particularly burdened group. However, the impact of daily routines and associated (poor) well-being among parents has received relatively little attention. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) is increasingly being used to capture real-time data and can help address this research gap.

This study aims to examine compliance rates and the feasibility of EMA for measuring daily well-being and time use among parents.

An exploratory mixed-methods study was conducted with 74 German parents (57/74, 77% women, (age: mean 37.6, SD 5.9 years). Participants completed a baseline questionnaire, followed by 4 daily EMA surveys (at 7:30 AM, 12 PM, 16:30 PM, and 21:30 PM) over a 1-week period, and a follow-up questionnaire. A subset of parents was also subsequently interviewed. Sociodemographic background and expected feasibility (open-ended questions) were surveyed at baseline, and feasibility was assessed at follow-up (closed- and open-ended questions) and in the interviews. State well-being (affective and cognitive), state stress, state as well as retrospective time-use were measured in the EMA surveys. Compliance and feasibility were examined using a combination of quantitative (descriptive analyses) and qualitative methodologies.

Participants completed an average of 83% (SD 13%) of the daily surveys. Compliance varied by gender and age, where men (90% vs 80%) and older parents showed higher rates. Participants generally found the survey frequency and length manageable, though some suggested adjustments to the study period depending on their individual routines. The 7:30 AM survey was reported as the most challenging due to childcare drop-offs (40%-49%), followed by the 16:30 PM survey for similar reasons (7%-17%). The qualitative analysis further revealed additional points for improvement, for instance, the need for personalization (eg, individual adjustment of the survey timings and intervals), technical support, and the incorporation of gamification elements. Most interviewees (46% vs 23%) found the used measurement of well-being and stress to be appropriate. Regarding time use, they felt that the predefined activity groups (eg, personal care, working) were suitable (46%) but noted challenges assigning less frequent activities (eg, medical appointments) (5%-54%). Reporting the timings of time-use via consecutive questions (ie, specifying the duration or start and end times of an activity) was perceived as confusing (9%-69%), with participants expressing a preference for a visual overview, such as a Gantt chart.

The study demonstrates that, when accounting for certain sociodemographic and study design factors, EMA can be a feasible method for data collection regarding daily well-being and time use, even in highly time-constrained populations like parents. This shows great potential for future research, such as exploring work-family conflict or performative gender roles and complementing established methods (eg, retrospective daily diaries).

OSF Registries osf.io/8qj3d; https://osf.io/8qj3d.

RR2-10.2196/54728.

Effective warnings are important for preventing the spread of disease during the early stages of outbreaks. Social media serves as a valuable platform for disseminating warning messages. The success of warnings issued through government social media accounts (GSMAs) depends on citizen engagement. However, an incomplete understanding of the relationship between warning messages and audience responses has hindered the design of crisis communication strategies.

We investigated the factors affecting citizen engagement with warnings on GSMAs during public health crises. Drawing on the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) and the Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) framework, model was developed to analyze the effects of central routes (content features) and peripheral routes (microstructural and source features) on citizen engagement, as well as the moderating effect of disease type. Data were collected from 38 Sina Weibo accounts of government agencies in China during two public health crises: COVID-19 and H1N1. Logit regression analysis was conducted to test the hypothesized relationships.

The results indicate that (1) positive emotional tendencies and more warning elements are associated with citizen engagement; (2) the relationship between message length and citizen engagement follows an inverted U-shape; (3) media richness and information style variety significantly enhance citizen engagement; and (4) disease type (emerging vs. reemerging infectious diseases) moderates the relationships between media richness, information style variety, source influence, and citizen engagement.

Given that issuing warnings is critical to emergency management, our findings provide significant theoretical and practical insights, particularly for improving early government-public communication through social media platforms.

Not applicable.

The superimposition of multiple chronic conditions places a heavy physical burden and life pressure on older adults, making them more prone to psychological distress and significantly increasing their risk of depression, which has become an urgent public health issue. Intergenerational relationships, as the main source of social support for older adults, have a profound effect on their mental health. This study aims to explore the potential mediating mechanisms by which intergenerational relationships influence depressive symptoms among older adults within the context of the Chinese "filial piety" culture, providing a theoretical foundation for optimizing intergenerational support and improving the psychological well-being of older adults.

Data from the 2020 China Family Panel Study (CFPS) were used, and 739 elderly patients with multiple chronic conditions were selected as the study subjects. Data on intergenerational relationships, self-rated health, well-being, and depressive symptoms were also obtained. A chain mediation model was developed using SPSS PROCESS macro model 6, and one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and mediation effect tests were performed to investigate the effects of intergenerational relationships, self-rated health, and well-being on depressive symptoms in elderly patients with multiple chronic conditions.

Intergenerational relationships, self-rated health, and well-being were found to be significantly correlated with depressive symptoms (P < 0.05). Intergenerational relationships negatively predicted depressive symptoms (β = -0.610, P < 0.01). Self-rated health (β = -1.115, P < 0.001) and well-being (β = -0.653, P < 0.001) mediated the effect of intergenerational relationships on depressive symptoms. Additionally, self-rated health and well-being were identified as chain mediators in this relationship for elderly patients with multiple chronic conditions (β = -1.118, P < 0.001).

Intergenerational relationships can reduce depressive symptoms among elderly patients with multiple chronic conditions by enhancing self-rated health and well-being. These findings highlight the importance of family support and emotional communication in mental health interventions for older adults. Therefore, healthcare professionals should incorporate family support and encourage positive intergenerational relationships when designing interventions to foster a supportive environment and improve quality of life.

Theories of Environmental Sensitivity postulate that those who are highly sensitive thrive in favourable contexts and are more disadvantaged by unfavourable ones; however, negative outcomes, instead of positive, are more often investigated. In this study, instead, we focus on human flourishing and what promotes it or hinders it. Recent literature shows that those who are highly sensitive are more connected with nature, and nature connectedness is known to confer psychological benefits. On the contrary, a chaotic home environment is associated with decreased well-being. We hypothesise that a chaotic home environment will negatively impact flourishing, particularly for those who are highly sensitive, while being connected with nature will have a more positive effect on them. Middle and older adulthood are less investigated stages of life.

856 participants aged 40+ were surveyed on their level of sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), flourishing, current chaos in the home, and nature connectedness. A subsample of 12 highly sensitive people were then interviewed to better understand the role of these dimensions in flourishing as a highly sensitive person.

The results from the quantitative analysis revealed that flourishing was positively associated with nature connectedness and age and negatively with higher SPS. Nature connectedness significantly moderated the relationship between sensitivity /and flourishing, while the level of chaos did not. This interaction was not significant in the youngest (40-49 years) cohort. Qualitative data from interviews with 12 participants provided deeper insights into the challenges faced by highly sensitive individuals, including emotional reactivity and feelings of being different, exacerbated by stressors such as noise and conflict at home. Participants reported significant benefits from nature.

Overall, the results showed that connecting with nature significantly contributes to flourishing in highly sensitive individuals, particularly in middle to older age. The findings support the potential of future nature-based interventions to promote flourishing in highly sensitive people.

Emergency nurses frequently encounter death and experience significant levels of death anxiety, impacting their mental well-being and professional performance.

Explore the levels of resilience and death anxiety among emergency nurses and examine the relationship between these two constructs.

Following STROBE guidelines, a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design was employed, with data collected from 417 emergency nurses in three hospitals.

The Socio-demographics Data Sheet, the Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were utilized for data collection.

Results indicated average moderate levels of resilience and death anxiety among participants. A negative correlation was observed between resilience and death anxiety, suggesting that as resilience decreased, death anxiety tended to increase. Significant associations were found between death anxiety and gender, age, and years of experience. The stepwise hierarchical linear regression analysis of substantial factors predicting death anxiety among emergency nurses revealed that resilience, years of experience, and gender were significant predictors of death anxiety, explaining 10.2% of the variance.

These findings underscore the importance of addressing mental health challenges among emergency nurses and highlight the need for interventions aimed at promoting resilience and mitigating death anxiety. By fostering a supportive environment and providing resources for mental health, healthcare institutions can empower emergency nurses to thrive in their demanding profession while delivering optimal care to patients in critical situations.

Not applicable.

This study examines the relationship between school climate, motivation, and academic emotions in shaping learning outcomes, with a focus on reading comprehension. Based on the control-value theory of academic emotions and self-determination theory, it explores how students' perceptions of a caring school community and a positive learning climate influence their emotions, motivation, learning strategies, and reading performance. A total of 296 fifth- and sixth-grade students completed self-report measures assessing these factors. For the collection of the data, the participants completed the following scales: Motivation for Reading Questionnaire-MRQ, Achievement Emotions Questionnaire Pre-Adolescents (AEQ-PA), Learning Climate Questionnaire (LCQ), School as a Caring Community Profile-II-(SCCP-II), learning strategies questionnaire, and reading comprehension. The correlation and path analysis results revealed that students who viewed their school as supportive experienced more positive academic emotions and fewer negative ones. Positive emotions were linked to higher intrinsic and extrinsic reading motivation, while negative emotions correlated with lower motivation and disengagement. Intrinsic motivation significantly predicted deep learning strategies and improved reading comprehension, whereas the absence of learning strategies negatively impacted performance. These findings underscore the role of a supportive school environment in fostering motivation and emotional engagement. The educational implications of this study highlight the need for teaching practices that cultivate positive emotions, intrinsic motivation, and effective learning strategies to enhance reading comprehension and overall academic success.

Moral injury exacerbates poor outcomes, such as negative attitudes toward the future; however, the potential underlying mechanisms of this association remain unknown. This present study aimed to disentangle the pathways linking moral injury to confidence toward the future through the serial mediation effect of psychological resilience and valued living in a Turkish population.

The data analyzed were collected from representative samples of adult aged 18-65 years living in Gaziantep Province, Turkey. A total of 681 participants (77.7% female, mean age = 25.05) were included in this study. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the relationships among the variables.

Indirect effects of moral injury on confidence toward the future were found. The direct effect of moral injury on attitudes toward the future in the presence of mediators was not significant (b = 0.014, p > 0.05). Thus, we concluded that there was a fully serial mediation by psychological resilience and valued living in the relationship between moral injury and attitudes toward the future (b = -0.077, 95% bootstrap CI: -0.115 to -0.048).

The main constraint of this study was its cross-sectional design, which restricted the capacity for causal inference.

These findings highlight the role of psychological resilience and valued living as serial mediators in the relationship between moral injury and confidence toward the future. Therefore, mental health professionals or clinicians incorporating intervention programs aimed at enhancing psychological resilience and promoting valued living could be beneficial, especially for individuals who have experienced moral injuries. Employing a multifaceted therapeutic approach may be advantageous in addressing these concerns.

This study investigated the mediating role of work engagement in the relationship between teachers' positive instructional emotions and job performance in the Turkish educational system. Using a cross-sectional design, a sample of 413 preschool to high school teachers completed an online survey measuring their instructional emotions, engagement, and job performance. The results suggested that teachers' positive instructional emotions significantly predicted both their job performance (β = 0.29; p˂0.001) and work engagement (β = 0.66; p˂0.001). Work engagement was a significant predictor of job performance (β = 0.46; p˂0.001) and mediated the relationship between positive instructional emotions and job performance (BootLLC = 0.23 and BootULCI = 0.37; BootSE = 0.04; Effect = 0.30). These findings highlight the crucial role of teachers' emotional experiences in shaping their professional effectiveness. The study contributes to the existing literature by demonstrating the psychological mechanisms that enhance teacher performance, particularly in non-Western educational contexts. The results suggest that intervention programs to improve teacher effectiveness should focus on fostering positive instructional emotions and increasing work engagement, which may ultimately benefit student learning outcomes.

Physicians in internal medicine are exposed to high levels of stress. Conditions of chronic emotional fatigue and burnout are widespread. Resilience, the ability to cope with difficult situations and to adapt to adverse circumstances, is essential. Resilient physicians remain calm, make clear decisions and are in a position to support the collegial environment as well as to requisition and utilize support themselves. Resilience can be described at a biological level and is influenced by biological mechanisms, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; , even resilience of patients should be more strongly considered in internal medicine. Resilient patients can cope better with the stress due to the disease and sequelae of the treatment, which not only facilitates the healing and regeneration process but also strengthens the adaptability to altered life situations in the case of newly occurring health challenges. Interventions that activate the individual coping strategies and social support can positively influence the course of chronic diseases. A high level of resilience contributes to the quality of patient care. In addition to biological factors, this is based particularly on psychological and social factors and can be specifically promoted and trained.

In recent years, the mental health issues of university students have received increasing attention. Research has shown that meaningful life experiences, such as memorable tourism experiences, can enhance individuals' sense of meaning in life and promote mental health. This study explores the mechanisms through which memorable tourism experiences influence the sense of meaning in life among university students, focusing on the mediating roles of positive affect, self-reflection, and personality traits, as well as the moderating role of gender. Using a questionnaire survey, data were collected from 880 university students. Validated scales, including the "Memorable Tourism Experience Scale, ""Positive Affect Scale," "Self-Reflection Scale," "Personality Trait Scale," and "Meaning in Life Scale," were employed to measure key constructs. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) and multi-group analysis to test the hypothesized relationships and moderating effects. The results indicate that memorable tourism experiences have a significant positive impact on university students' sense of meaning in life. Positive affect, self-reflection, and personality traits all partially mediate this relationship, with positive affect exhibiting the strongest mediating effect, while personality traits show relatively weaker mediation. Furthermore, gender moderates the relationship between memorable tourism experiences and positive affect, as well as the relationship between personality traits and meaning in life. These findings support Self-Determination Theory, demonstrating that memorable tourism experiences can fulfill individuals' basic psychological needs and enhance their sense of meaning in life through multiple psychological mechanisms. This study provides practical insights for mental health interventions targeting university students, particularly highlighting the importance of reflective activities and personalized support in amplifying the psychological benefits of positive experiences.

The global aging population presents significant challenges to public health systems, particularly in countries like Hungary, which faces some of the least favorable health indicators in the European Union. To address these challenges, Purpose in Life (PIL) has emerged as a critical determinant of healthy aging, influencing physical, mental, and social health. Defined as a sense of meaning, direction, and intentionality, PIL promotes resilience, mitigates age-related decline, and fosters well-being. This review explores the theoretical frameworks, mechanisms, and practical implications of PIL in the context of aging. Biologically, PIL regulates stress responses, contributing to reduced disease risk and improved longevity. Psychologically, PIL fosters resilience, self-regulation, and positive emotions, which buffer against mental health challenges and support cognitive health. Socially, PIL strengthens meaningful relationships, promotes prosocial behaviors, and fosters collective purpose, reducing isolation and enhancing social cohesion. These mechanisms interact to create a synergistic effect that supports healthy aging trajectories. The Semmelweis Study, Hungary's most extensive workplace cohort study, offers a unique opportunity to integrate PIL assessment into its longitudinal design, providing novel insights into how PIL influences aging outcomes. Complementing this research, the Semmelweis-EUniWell Workplace Health Promotion Program translates these insights into actionable interventions, designed to enhance employee well-being and productivity. Drawing from global best practices, including insights from Blue Zones and Mediterranean-inspired interventions, Hungary can position PIL as a cornerstone of its healthy aging agenda. Incorporating PIL-focused strategies into workplace health programs and national public health policies holds the potential to extend healthspan, reduce healthcare costs, and foster a resilient and purposeful aging population. This review highlights the transformative potential of PIL in addressing the multifaceted challenges of aging and advancing public health goals.

This research aims to develop an expanded model integrating destination personality, tourists' emotional experiences, and positive word of mouth within the frameworks of self-congruity and functional congruity. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), we analyzed data from 357 tourists who visited the UNESCO-designated City of Food in China. Our findings indicate that destination personality, self-congruity, functional congruity, and tourists' emotional experiences positively influence positive word of mouth. Notably, tourists' emotional experiences were found to moderate the relationship between self-congruity and positive word of mouth. This research enhances the existing literature by addressing a significant gap and introducing a comprehensive conceptual model that is empirically validated. The study provides actionable insights for optimizing food tourism marketing strategies, offering theoretical and practical implications for practitioners and managers, thus making a significant contribution to the discourse on food tourism.

Previous research has demonstrated that the experience of awe can alleviate negative emotions, such as stress related to life and career, consequently enhancing overall happiness. Drawing from the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, the mechanism through which awe mitigates stress and enhances happiness lies in its capacity to restructure an individual's original cognitive framework and foster a more open-minded approach to problem-solving. This, in turn, facilitates the cultivation of both physical and mental resources, including the enhancement of psychological resilience, thereby empowering individuals to better rebound from adversity and pressure. The study seeks to validate this perspective. In this study, 342 Chinese college students (awe group, pleasant group and neutral group) were investigated to test the effects of awe on cognitive well-being and affective well-being using a recall priming task paradigm. Results indicated that: (1) compared with pleasant and neutral groups, awe experience not only had a direct effect on cognitive well-being (life satisfaction), but it also had a significant indirect effect on cognitive well-being through a mediating variable - resilience. However, (2) awe experience had no direct effect on affective well-being (emotional balance), although the mediating effect of resilience was significant. This suggested that awe, as a transcendent positive experience, might have different effects or mechanism on individuals' cognition and emotion evaluation.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising treatment for refractory depression, utilizing surgically implanted electrodes to stimulate specific anatomical targets within the brain. However, limitations of patient-reported and clinician-administered mood assessments pose obstacles in evaluating DBS treatment efficacy. In this study, we investigated whether an affective bias task, which leverages the inherent negative interpretation bias seen in individuals with depression, could serve as a reliable measure of mood changes during DBS therapy in patients with treatment-resistant depression.

Two cohorts of patients (n = 8, n = 2) undergoing DBS for treatment-resistant depression at different academic medical centers completed an affective bias task at multiple time points before and after DBS implantation. The affective bias task involved rating the emotional content of a series of static photographic stimuli of facial expressions throughout their DBS treatment. Patients' ratings were compared with those of non-depressed controls to calculate affective bias scores. Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to assess changes in bias scores over time and their relationship with depression severity measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17).

We observed significant improvements in total affective bias scores over the course of DBS treatment in both cohorts. Pre-DBS, patients exhibited a negative affective bias, which was nearly eliminated post-DBS, with total bias scores approaching those of non-depressed controls. Positive valence trials showed significant improvement post-DBS, while negative valence trials showed no notable change. A control analysis indicated that stimulation status did not significantly affect bias scores, and thus stimulation status was excluded from further modeling. Linear mixed-effects modeling revealed that more negative bias scores were associated with higher HDRS-17 scores, particularly for positive valence stimuli. Additionally, greater time elapsed since DBS implantation was associated with a decrease in HDRS-17 scores, indicating clinical improvement over time.

Our findings demonstrate that the affective bias task leverages the inherent negative interpretation bias seen in individuals with depression, providing a standardized measure of how these biases change over time. Unlike traditional mood assessments, which rely on subjective introspection, the affective bias task consistently measures changes in mood, offering potential as a tool to monitor mood changes and evaluate the candidacy of DBS treatment in refractory depression.

The capacity to interact with peers during early childhood can profoundly and enduringly influence later development and adaptation. Previous research has indicated that paternal involvement plays a vital role in shaping children's peer competence. However, limited research has been conducted on this association within the Chinese cultural contexts or on the potential mechanisms that underlie it. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate whether there is a close link between paternal involvement and peer competence in Chinese young children, as well as whether children's playfulness mediates this relationship.

The Chinese version of the Paternal Involvement Questionnaire (FIQ) was distributed to 359 fathers with children (4-6 years old). Children's Playfulness Scale (CPS) and Ability to Associate With Partners Scale (AAPS) were distributed to the children's mothers.

(1) There are positive correlations between paternal involvement, young children's playfulness and peer competence after controlling for the demographic variables of age and gender. (2) Paternal involvement is positively related to young children's peer competence. (3) Playfulness partially mediated the relationship between paternal involvement and children's peer competence. Findings from this study emphasize the significance of paternal involvement in enhancing young children's peer competence, while also highlighting the value of positive emotional traits such as playfulness for fostering family interaction and promoting young child development.

This study investigates the growing issue of nomophobia, characterized by the anxiety of being without a mobile phone, in the workplace. Utilizing the broaden-and-build theory, this research examines the impact of supportive leadership, co-worker support, Human Resource Management (HRM) practices, and affective commitment on reducing nomophobia among employees. Data were collected from 393 employees across various educational organizations. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings reveal that supportive leadership significantly reduces nomophobia by enhancing HRM practices and affective commitment. However, contrary to expectations, co-worker support was found to increase nomophobia, suggesting that informal communication and social interactions via mobile devices might exacerbate smartphone dependency. HRM practices emerged as a critical factor in mitigating nomophobia, more so than affective commitment. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the complex dynamics of workplace relationships and offering practical insights for organizations aiming to reduce nomophobia and improve employee well-being.

This study examines the impact of resilience and the positive cognitive triad (consisting of three components: view of the self, view of the world, and view of the future) on well-being, a subject that is presently understudied. The present study investigated well-being models that take into consideration the role of the positive cognitive triad, in the relationship between resilience and several concepts of well-being: subjective (general) happiness, subjective (hedonic) well-being, and psychological (eudaimonic) well-being (N = 742). Eudaimonic and hedonic well-being contribute to overall happiness through different mechanisms, while subjective happiness is people's assessment of their happiness. These distinctions bring forth a complete approach to well-being that integrates affects, life satisfaction, self-esteem, and long-term psychological health. Data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in R. Results showed that resilience and the positive cognitive triad are predictors of well-being and there was a positive association between resilience and well-being, mediated by the positive cognitive triad factors. The fit indices in SEM indicated that the best fitting model is resilience ⇒ positive cognitive triad ⇒ subjective well-being. People who experience subjective (hedonic) well-being have an optimistic perspective on the world, while this perspective does not impact psychological (eudaimonic) well-being. Individuals experiencing psychological well-being have high self-esteem because well-being implies autonomy, self-acceptance, personal growth, and environmental mastery. Improved self-view also translates into increased subjective well-being. An optimistic view of the future fosters hope, and motivation, and it is associated with higher levels of well-being.

Based on cognitive-behavioral therapy and the positive emotion expansion and construction theory, this study investigated how interest-curiosity influences adolescent peer relationships through depressive symptoms.

A cross-lagged, semi-longitudinal study was conducted with Chinese adolescents (N = 224; Mage = 13.23, SD = 0.95). Data were collected in December 2023 (T1) and March 2024 (T2). Semi-longitudinal analyses were employed to examine the relationships among interest-curiosity, depressive symptoms, and peer relationships.

The findings revealed that (1) adolescents with higher levels of interest-curiosity tended to experience lower levels of depressive symptoms over time; (2) adolescents who reported higher levels of depressive symptoms were more likely to experience difficulties in peer relationships; and (3) the positive influence of interest-curiosity on peer relationships was explained by its role in reducing depressive symptoms.

This study highlights the crucial role of interest-curiosity in adolescent development. The findings suggest that fostering adolescents' interest-curiosity may help reduce depressive symptoms and consequently enhance peer relationships.

Regular physical activity (PA) provides numerous health benefits, which is why many people intend to lead an active lifestyle. Yet, internal and external states and barriers can hinder the translation of such intentions into actual behavior. This study prospectively studied such barriers, namely, the temporal relationship between the independent variables momentary affect (stress, emotions), and the dependent variables PA intentions and subsequent PA behavior. The variables were measured using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) at the within-person level.

A total of 41 healthy participants (aged 19-67) completed 4 daily EMA prompts over three weeks on their smartphones, capturing data on momentary affective states (happy, active, irritated, tired, concerned, nervous, relaxed, energetic), anticipated contextual barriers (i.e., PA-incompatible external circumstances), prospective PA intentions, and PA behavior (retrospective, since the last prompt). We applied generalized linear mixed effect models to examine the influence of momentary affect and contextual barriers onto a) PA intentions, b) their consecutive enactment, and c) directly onto PA behavior.

Individuals were more likely to form PA intentions when feeling happy, active, or energetic, but less likely when external/contextual barriers were high or when they felt tired. Furthermore, only PA intentions were significant precursors of subsequent PA behavior, while neither contextual barriers, nor momentary affect directly affected PA behavior.

Interventions for fostering PA, such as Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions, should address and 'stabilize' intentions through addressing external barriers and positive affects (happy, active, energetic). The present results call for more temporally sensitive and dynamic health behavior theories of PA.

Deficient parental extrinsic interpersonal emotion regulation (IER, how people regulate others' emotions) is a known risk factor for adolescent depression. Although IER and depression development are transactional, dyadic processes, previous work has almost exclusively focused on how parental IER is associated with adolescent depression. The association between parental IER and adolescent depression, and the associations between adolescent IER and adolescent and parental depression have received little attention. Moreover, most studies have focused on the regulation of negative but not positive affect. We address these gaps by examining associations between parent and adolescent IER and depressive symptoms using the actor-partner interdependence model framework. For 28 days, 112 parent-adolescent dyads (12-18-year-old adolescents) completed a dyadic daily diary, reporting their own depressive symptoms and IER strategies employed in response to dyad members' positive and negative affect. Our results, based on 5,442 data points, show that the use of positive- and negative-affect-worsening IER is associated with more depression in the regulator (be it parent or adolescent). Surprisingly, parents' use of more negative-affect-improving IER was associated with higher levels of their own and adolescents' depression. Finally, adolescents' use of positive-affect-improving IER was associated with their own decreased depression. Overall, parents (vs. adolescents) used more negative- and positive-affect-improving extrinsic IER, whereas adolescents used more positive-affect-worsening extrinsic IER. Our results highlight the importance of using dyadic designs in studying depression and IER, as well as the need to consider who is regulating, the valence of the affect regulated, and the type of strategy used. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

The positive valence system (PVS) is increasingly recognized as an important target in facilitating recovery from anxiety and depression. Amplification of Positivity (AMP), a cognitive and behavioral intervention, targets the PVS through repeated and intentional activities (e.g., savoring positive experiences, gratitude, and acts of kindness). Initial data demonstrates that AMP engages positive valence targets (e.g., positive affect) and outcomes (e.g., social connectedness) in people seeking treatment for anxiety or depression; however, client perspectives about AMP are not well understood. This study aimed to qualitatively explore clients' experiences to better understand post-treatment client changes and advance the development and effectiveness of AMP and other emerging positive valence focused interventions. Transcripts were analyzed from eleven participants who completed an optional qualitative interview after completing AMP treatment in a randomized controlled trial (NCT04945239). Two superordinate themes with several subthemes emerged. The first theme, Changes in Self , revealed common changes consistent with the core targets of AMP as well as changes less explicitly targeted by AMP. The second theme, The Positivity Pivot , uncovered client's perceptions on the emphasis of positive emotions in treatment. Overall, clients enjoyed and reaped benefits from amplifying positivity; some clients also reported wanting more time and space to discuss negative valence symptoms. People seeking treatment for anxiety or depression are receptive to amplifying positivity and experience mental and social benefits of doing so. Positive valence centered treatments may therefore be valuable for some clients. Treatment protocols that integrate positive and negative-valence targeted approaches may be preferred by some clients.

Emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior both play an important role in the development of children and adolescents. However, the strength of the association between emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior in children and adolescents is controversial. Hence, this study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the exact association between emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior in children and adolescents. Through a literature search, a total of 40 studies and 40 effect sizes were included in this meta-analysis (n = 20621). In this study, the main effect test shows that there is a significant positive correlation between emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior in children and adolescents (r = 0.43). Moreover, the present study found a significant moderating effect of age. More specifically, the association between early childhood (0-6 years) emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior is stronger than in middle childhood (7-12 years) and adolescence (13-18 years), and the correlation between emotional intelligence and prosocial behavior is stronger in boys than in girls. The culture was also found to be an important moderator, the association was found to be weaker for Western culture than for Eastern culture. Finally, a stronger correlation between the two variables was found when the emotional intelligence measurement tool was LZ (Emotional intelligence questionnaire compiled by Liu Yan and Zou Hong). These results indicated that improving children's and adolescents' emotional intelligence could be an important strategy to enhance children's prosocial behavior.

Pediatric nurses are exposed to occupational stress due to the demanding care of sick children and complex interactions with families. The negative impact on nurse's physical and mental health, stress can also affect the quality of care. On the other hand, work engagement as a positive mental state and psychological capital as one of the supporting factors can help improve conditions and reduce occupational stress. However, the role of psychological capital in the relationship between occupational stress and work engagement in pediatric nurses needs further research. The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between work engagement and occupational stress in nurses working on pediatric wards. The present study was a predictive correlational study using the path analysis model. The statistical population of this study consisted of 251 pediatric nurses. The sampling was conducted from December 2023 to May 2024. Data collection instruments included the Demographic Profile Form, Chen's occupational Stress Questionnaire, Schaufeli et al.'s Work Engagement Questionnaire, and Luthans' Psychological Capital Questionnaire. The data analysis was carried out using the SPSS 26 and AMOS 24 software. The results of this study showed that there was an inverse and significant relationship between work engagement and occupational stress in nurses working in the pediatric ward (p < 0.001, β = -0.22). In addition, a positive and significant relationship was observed between work engagement and psychological capital among nurses (p < 0.001, β = 0.39). The results also showed that there was an inverse and significant relationship between psychological capital and occupational stress (p < 0.001, β = -0.23). The results of the final model represented psychological capital as a mediating variable that explains the relationship between work engagement and occupational stress of nurses. The results of this study showed that higher work engagement leads to a reduction in occupational stress in nurses working in the pediatric ward and that psychological capital acts as a mediating variable in this relationship. Nurses who have higher work engagement and psychological capital, experience less occupational stress. Age and work experience were also related to reduced stress and increased work engagement and psychological capital. It is suggested that hospital managers focus on educational and supportive programs to enhance psychological capital and increase the work engagement of nurses working in pediatric wards to improve the quality of care for children.

Recent studies report that paranormal belief and conspiracy theory endorsement are differentially related to factors allied to positive wellbeing (e.g., meaning in life and coping behaviours). Since these findings derive from correlational studies using cross sectional designs, researchers need to undertake further investigation to establish outcome robustness. Accordingly, the present study used a multiple time point design. Respondents (N = 1,158) completed measures on three occasions, three months apart. While a strong positive association was found between paranormal belief and conspiracist theory endorsement, path analysis revealed divergent relationships with positive wellbeing outcomes. Specifically, paranormal belief predicted greater levels of positive wellbeing over time (meaning in life and social identity), whereas conspiracy theory endorsement predicted only social identity. Consideration of mediation effects revealed that paranormal belief prognosticated greater presence of meaning in life via links with active coping and positive outlook. Additionally, avoidant coping positively mediated the paranormal belief-search for meaning in life relationship. Conspiracy theory endorsement predicted greater social identity via avoidant coping. Findings indicated that paranormal belief and conspiracy theory endorsement were differentially related to positive wellbeing outcomes. Regarding paranormal belief, the construct was concomitantly attendant with passive and active psychological functions. The association with avoidant coping suggested that in some circumstances supernatural credence enables believers to avert attention from problems.

Vision impairment (VI) has a profound impact on mental health and well-being. Music-based interventions, such as active music listening, have potential to induce relaxation, improve mood, and reduce stress. This study investigated the feasibility and acceptability of a supportive self-care music intervention in adults with acquired VI, who ran their listening program independently.

A two-arm, parallel-group, single-blind feasibility randomised controlled trial compared: (1) daily music listening with brief mindfulness instructions and (2) daily music listening alone. The study adhered to the CONSORT extension for pilot and feasibility trials and the music reporting checklist. Feasibility was determined by collecting data on attrition, through recruitment and retention at pre-post and 3-month follow-up, including adherence and fidelity which were determined by participants' questionnaire and daily log completion, respectively. Acceptability was determined through data capture in the questionnaires. To assess whether the music intervention had an impact on anxiety and depression and stress, the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) were used.

Eighty-one VI participants were randomised to mindful music listening (n = 41) or music listening alone (n = 40), with 85% (n = 69) completing the intervention (post intervention end-point). A rating of 'highly satisfied' was given for the intervention by 77% (n = 53) of participants. Feasibility was determined through retention which was 71% at the three-month follow-up, and adherence to the daily log completion, which was low (16%), resulting in insufficient data to assess fidelity to the music listening. HADS and PSS-14 data indicated a reduction in anxiety, depression and stress at post-intervention phase.

The recruitment and retention rates suggest that an efficacy study is feasible. However, adherence to daily log completion was low, resulting in uncertainty regarding the fidelity of the listening conditions. While completing the daily logs was not required in this study, it should be mandatory in future trials.

https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/, identifier NCT05243732.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the leading causes of chronic disability in older adults, often causing significant impairment of mobility. OA symptoms have been linked to mental functioning, including depression, anxiety, and negative affect.

To examine whether anger and anxiety mediate the relationship between social support and mobility among older adults with knee osteoarthritis, data from the Everyday Quality of Life in Older Blacks and Whites with Osteoarthritis (EQUAL) study (N = 336) were analyzed using Hayes' PROCESS model in SPSS to test the direct effect of social support on mobility as well as mediation by anxiety and anger.

While univariate models for both anxiety and anger were significant, only anxiety mediated the relationship between social support and mobility.

Although limited by their cross-sectional nature, the findings suggest that at least part of the association of social support with mobility may be explained by the role of support in alleviating anxiety.