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Heron KE, Braitman AL, Dawson CA, Sandoval CM, Butler LV, Moulder A, Lewis RJ. Rationale and Design of an Ecological Momentary Assessment Study Examining Predictors of Binge Eating Among Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Young Women: Protocol for the Health and Experiences in Real Life (HER Life) Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e41199. [PMID: 36269642 PMCID: PMC9636528 DOI: 10.2196/41199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has identified health disparities between sexual minority and heterosexual women, including increased rates of obesity and binge eating in sexual minority women. Established predictors of binge eating behavior include negative emotions and sociocultural processes; however, these studies are generally conducted in samples of young women where sexual identity is not known or reported. There is a dearth of research evaluating how sexual minority-specific factors (eg, minority stress and connectedness to the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer community) may affect binge eating in sexual minority women. In addition, no studies have examined these processes in racially diverse samples or considered how intersecting minority identities (eg, Black and sexual minority) may affect eating behaviors. OBJECTIVE The Health and Experiences in Real Life (HER Life) Project aims to clarify real-world predictors of binge eating in young heterosexual and sexual minority women using ecological momentary assessment. The role of affective, social, and health behavior factors in binge eating will be examined for all women (aim 1), and sexual minority-specific predictors will also be considered for sexual minority women participants (aim 2). Person-level moderators of race, body- and eating-related factors, and sexual minority-specific factors will also be examined to better understand how real-world binge eating predictors may differ for various demographic groups (aim 3). METHODS Researchers aim to recruit 150 sexual minority and 150 heterosexual women from across the United States, including at least 50 Black women for each group, using web-based recruitment methods. The eligibility criteria include identifying as a woman, being aged between 18 and 30 years, and having had at least two binge eating episodes in the last 2 weeks. Participants must endorse being only or mostly attracted to men (considered heterosexual) or only or mostly attracted to women or having a current or most recent female partner (considered sexual minority). Eligible participants complete an initial web-based baseline survey and then 14 days of ecological momentary assessment involving the completion of a morning and before-bed survey and 5 prompted surveys per day as well as a user-initiated survey after binge eating episodes. The data will be analyzed using a series of multilevel models. RESULTS Data collection started in February 2021. We have currently enrolled 129 sexual minority women and 146 heterosexual women. Data collection is expected to conclude in fall 2022. CONCLUSIONS The Health and Experiences in Real Life Project aims to elucidate potential differences between sexual minority and heterosexual women in within-person factors predicting binge eating and inform eating disorder interventions for sexual minority women. The challenges in recruiting sexual minority women, including the determination of eligibility criteria and considerations for remote data collection, are discussed. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/41199.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin E Heron
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
- Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psycholology, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Abby L Braitman
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
- Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psycholology, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Charlotte A Dawson
- Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psycholology, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Cassidy M Sandoval
- Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psycholology, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Lauren V Butler
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Alicia Moulder
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Robin J Lewis
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
- Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psycholology, Norfolk, VA, United States
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Won YQ, Christensen KA, Forbush KT. Habitual adaptive emotion regulation moderates the association between maladaptive emotion regulation and eating disorder symptoms, but not clinical impairment. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2629-2639. [PMID: 35538308 PMCID: PMC10042081 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Emotion regulation (ER) refers to the processes by which individuals influence the onset, intensity, and duration of emotions. Previous studies have examined the effects of adaptive ER and maladaptive ER in isolation, but growing evidence suggests that they should be studied in conjunction. This study examined the interactions between habitual adaptive and maladaptive ER strategies with eating disorder (ED) symptoms and ED-related clinical impairment. METHODS Students (N = 1377) from a Midwestern American university reported ED symptoms, ED-related impairment, habitual adaptive ER (i.e., cognitive reappraisal), and habitual maladaptive ER (i.e., distraction and suppression). Multiple linear regressions were conducted using the PROCESS v3 macro. RESULTS The study found that adaptive ER was negatively associated with ED symptoms and ED-related impairment, whereas maladaptive ER was positively associated with both outcome variables. Adaptive ER moderated the association between maladaptive ER and ED symptoms, but not clinical impairment. When habitual adaptive ER was low (< 33.4th percentile), there was no association between maladaptive ER and ED symptoms; however, when habitual adaptive ER was moderate to high (> 33.4th percentile), there was a positive association between frequency of maladaptive ER use and ED symptoms. There was no significant three-way interaction among adaptive ER, maladaptive ER, and probable ED diagnosis, for ED-related impairment or symptoms. CONCLUSION Results suggest that irrespective of frequency of maladaptive ER, people with low adaptive ER reported elevated psychopathology. Findings point to the utility of interventions to reduce maladaptive ER and increase adaptive ER in ED populations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Q Won
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, 1415 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Kara A Christensen
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, 1415 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Kelsie T Forbush
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, 1415 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
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Ghobadi-Azbari P, Mahdavifar Khayati R, Sangchooli A, Ekhtiari H. Task-Dependent Effective Connectivity of the Reward Network During Food Cue-Reactivity: A Dynamic Causal Modeling Investigation. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:899605. [PMID: 35813594 PMCID: PMC9263922 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.899605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural reactivity to food cues may play a central role in overeating and excess weight gain. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have implicated regions of the reward network in dysfunctional food cue-reactivity, but neural interactions underlying observed patterns of signal change remain poorly understood. Fifty overweight and obese participants with self-reported cue-induced food craving viewed food and neutral cues during fMRI scanning. Regions of the reward network with significantly greater food versus neutral cue-reactivity were used to specify plausible models of task-related neural interactions underlying the observed blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal, and a bi-hemispheric winning model was identified in a dynamic causal modeling (DCM) framework. Neuro-behavioral correlations are investigated with group factor analysis (GFA) and Pearson's correlation tests. The ventral tegmental area (VTA), amygdalae, and orbitofrontal cortices (OFC) showed significant food cue-reactivity. DCM suggests these activations are produced by largely reciprocal dynamic signaling between these regions, with food cues causing regional disinhibition and an apparent shifting of activity to the right amygdala. Intrinsic self-inhibition in the VTA and right amygdala is negatively correlated with measures of food craving and hunger and right-amygdalar disinhibition by food cues is associated with the intensity of cue-induced food craving, but no robust cross-unit latent factors were identified between the neural group and behavioral or demographic variable groups. Our results suggest a rich array of dynamic signals drive reward network cue-reactivity, with the amygdalae mediating much of the dynamic signaling between the VTA and OFCs. Neuro-behavioral correlations suggest particularly crucial roles for the VTA, right amygdala, and the right OFC-amygdala connection but the more robust GFA identified no cross-unit factors, so these correlations should be interpreted with caution. This investigation provides novel insights into dynamic circuit mechanisms with etiologic relevance to obesity, suggesting pathways in biomarker development and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arshiya Sangchooli
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN, United States
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The effects of response inhibition training following binge memory retrieval in young adults binge eaters: a randomised-controlled experimental study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9281. [PMID: 35661111 PMCID: PMC9166753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12173-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge eating is increasingly prevalent among adolescents and young adults and can have a lasting harmful impact on mental and physical health. Mechanistic insights suggest that aberrant reward-learning and biased cognitive processing may be involved in the aetiology of binge eating. We therefore investigated whether recently developed approaches to catalyse brief interventions by putatively updating maladaptive memory could also boost the effects of cognitive bias modification training on binge eating behaviour. A non-treatment-seeking sample of 90 binge eating young adults were evenly randomised to undergo either selective food response inhibition training, or sham training following binge memory reactivation. A third group received training without binge memory reactivation. Laboratory measures of reactivity and biased responses to food cues were assessed pre-post intervention and bingeing behaviour and disordered eating assessed up to 9 months post-intervention. The protocol was pre-registered at https://osf.io/82c4r/ . We found limited evidence of premorbid biased processing in lab-assessed measures of cognitive biases to self-selected images of typical binge foods. Accordingly, there was little evidence of CBM reducing these biases and this was not boosted by prior 'reactivation' of binge food reward memories. No group differences were observed on long-term bingeing behaviour, caloric consumption or disordered eating symptomatology. These findings align with recent studies showing limited impact of selective inhibition training on binge eating and do not permit conclusions regarding the utility of retrieval-dependent memory 'update' mechanisms as a treatment catalyst for response inhibition training.
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Ghobadi-Azbari P, Malmir N, Vartanian M, Mahdavifar-Khayati R, Robatmili S, Hadian V, Derafsheh S, Nitsche MA, Nosratabadi M, Farhoudian A, Ekhtiari H. Transcranial direct current stimulation to modulate brain reactivity to food cues in overweight and obese adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial with fMRI (NeuroStim-Obesity). Trials 2022; 23:297. [PMID: 35413923 PMCID: PMC9003175 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With increasing obese populations worldwide, developing interventions to modulate food-related brain processes and functions is particularly important. Evidence suggests that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) may modulate the reward–control balance towards facilitation of cognitive control and possible suppression of reward-related mechanisms that drive food cue-induced craving. This protocol describes a clinical trial that investigates the neurocognitive mechanisms of action for tDCS to modulate food cue-reactivity and cravings in people with obesity. Method The NeuroStim-Obesity trial is a prospective, randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind single-session tDCS trial targeting food craving in those with obesity or overweighed. Once randomized, 64 adults with obesity or overweighed complete one session in which they receive either active or sham tDCS over the DLPFC (anode F4 and cathode F3, 2 mA intensity for 20 min). The primary outcome is change in neural response to the food cue-reactivity task in the ventral striatum after a single-session bilateral tDCS compared to sham stimulation. Secondary outcomes include changes in food craving evaluated by the Food Craving Questionnaire-State (FCQ-S). We will also explore the predictive role of brain structure and functional networks assessed by structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during both task performance and the resting-state that are acquired pre- and post-intervention to predict response to tDCS. Discussion The results will provide novel insight into neuroscience for the efficacy of tDCS and will advance the field towards precision medicine for obesity. Exploratory results will examine the potential predictive biomarkers for tDCS response and eventually provide personalized intervention for the treatment of obesity. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) IRCT20121020011172N4. Retrospectively registered on 4 June 2020
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Ghobadi-Azbari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Malmir
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | - Somaye Robatmili
- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Venus Hadian
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Derafsheh
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Masoud Nosratabadi
- Department of Psychology, Paarand Center for Human Enhancement, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Farhoudian
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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The role of rumination and positive beliefs about rumination in eating pathology. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:979-988. [PMID: 34097284 PMCID: PMC9340430 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE General and eating disorder (ED)-specific ruminations have been identified as key factors that may contribute to eating pathology. Positive beliefs about rumination (e.g., "Ruminating helps me to prevent future mistakes") may impact this association. However, the effect of positive beliefs about rumination on the links between rumination and ED symptom severity has not been investigated. This study sought to clarify relations between rumination and ED symptom severity and to evaluate the potential moderating effect of positive beliefs about rumination on these associations. METHODS During a laboratory visit, undergraduate participants (N = 473, MAge = 18.90 ± 2.27, MBMI = 23.45 kg/m2 ± 4.31, 54.8% female) completed an online battery of questionnaires assessing general and ED-specific ruminative processes (e.g., brooding, reflection), positive beliefs about rumination, and global ED symptoms. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses assessed the unique contributions of specific ruminative processes, and the moderating effect of positive beliefs on associations between ruminative processes and ED symptom severity. RESULTS Hierarchical multiple regression results suggest that, after controlling for gender and BMI, ED-specific brooding, b = 1.32, SE = 0.13, β = 0.46, p < 0.0001, and reflection, b = 1.44, SE = 0.33, β = 0.19, p < 0.0001, accounted for unique variance in ED symptom severity. Moderation model results indicate that, at low levels of general reflection, b = - 0.06, SE = 0.02, β = - 0.51, p = 0.003, and ED-specific reflection, b = - 0.15, SE = 0.03, β = - 0.59, p < 0.0001, increased positive beliefs about rumination were associated with greater ED symptom severity. CONCLUSION Findings suggest ED-specific rumination accounts for ED symptom severity above and beyond general rumination, and that rumination-related expectancies influence the association between reflection and ED symptom severity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, evidence obtained from a well-designed cohort study.
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Karekla M, Nikolaou P, Merwin RM. Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating AcceptME-A Digital Gamified Acceptance and Commitment Early Intervention Program for Individuals at High Risk for Eating Disorders. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071775. [PMID: 35407386 PMCID: PMC8999727 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (ED) constitute a serious public health issue affecting predominantly women and appearing typically in adolescence or early adulthood. EDs are extremely difficult to treat, as these disorders are ego-syntonic, and many patients do not seek treatment. It is vital to focus on the development of successful early-intervention programs for individuals presenting at risk and are on a trajectory towards developing EDs. This study is a randomized controlled trial evaluating an innovative digital gamified Acceptance and Commitment early-intervention program (AcceptME) for young females showing signs and symptoms of an ED and at high risk for an ED. Participants (n = 92; Mage = 15.30 years, SD = 2.15) received either AcceptME (n = 62) or a waitlist control (n = 30). Analyses indicated that the AcceptME program effectively reduced weight and shape concerns with large effects when compared to waitlist controls. Most participants scored below the at-risk cut-off (WCS score < 52) in the AcceptME at end-of-intervention (57.1%) compared to controls (7.1%), with odds of falling into the at-risk group being 14.5 times higher for participants in the control group. At follow-up, 72% of completers reported scores below the at-risk cut-off in the AcceptME group. The intervention also resulted in a decrease in ED symptomatology and increased body image flexibility. Overall, results suggest that the AcceptME program holds promise for early-intervention of young women at risk for developing an ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karekla
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +357-2289-2100
| | - Patrisia Nikolaou
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus;
| | - Rhonda M. Merwin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
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AlShebali M, Becker C, Kellett S, AlHadi A, Waller G. Adapting the body project to a non-western culture: a dissonance-based eating disorders prevention program for Saudi women. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:2503-2512. [PMID: 33523399 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The main aim of this study was to test the feasibility of an adapted version of the Body Project for young Saudi women as their eating and body issues are comparable to western culture and linked to internalization of westernization. The study also aims to assess predictors of attrition and preliminary effectiveness. METHOD The intervention was adapted to local culture in collaboration with a co-director of the Body Project Collaborative. 48 Saudi undergraduate females were recruited, mean age was 19.16 years (SD = 1.23), baseline BMI was (M = 24.42, SD = 5.46). Eating pathology, body image, and comorbidities were assessed pre and post the intervention with adapted self-report measures. RESULTS The Body Project is feasible for young Saudi women. Participants were willing to enrol, they found the intervention useful, understandable, and enjoyable. There was no difference between completers and non-completers. The preliminary effect sizes are similar or higher than other effectiveness trials in other cultures. CONCLUSION A cognitive dissonance-based eating disorders prevention can be applicable across cultures where westernization is an influence. The effectiveness is yet to be affirmed. Future research is needed to investigate effectiveness in further robust studies and a bigger sample. EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE Level IV (evidence obtained from multiple time series with or without the intervention, such as case studies. Dramatic results in uncontrolled trials might also be regarded as this type of evidence).
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Affiliation(s)
- Munirah AlShebali
- Basic Sciences and Studies Department, College of Community, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11564, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Carolyn Becker
- Department of Psychology, Trinity University, San Antonio, USA
| | - Stephen Kellett
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ahmad AlHadi
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, SABIC Psychological Health Research and Applications Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Glenn Waller
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Letranchant A, Montebello YKD, Bigre CDL, Wagner A, Curt F, Silva J, Nicolas I, Votadoro P, Kalindjian N, Korchonnoff A, Gutierre A, Novelli AB, Pham-Scottez A, Corcos M. The ACAMTO study-impact of add-on osteopathic treatment on adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:839. [PMID: 34819116 PMCID: PMC8611636 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05810-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anorexia nervosa (AN) mainly affects women (sex ratio 1/10) and most often starts during adolescence. The prognosis of AN remains poor (10% of deaths and high risk of chronicity). Body dissatisfaction, disturbances in recognition and identification of body sensations are some of the key symptoms of AN. However, there is a contrast between this consensual observation of body image disorders in AN, and the relative deficit of specifically targeted body treatments. Our proposal for a body approach specifically dedicated to AN is based on the understanding that posture, breathing, muscle tension and body perception are closely linked to our psychological and emotional state and are therefore disturbed in patients with AN. The purpose of this monocentric randomized controlled trial is to evaluate if a targeted osteopathic protocol treatment for AN in addition to treatment as usual (TAU) is significantly more effective than TAU alone. Methods In total, 72 patients meeting the inclusion criteria will be randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups: one receiving the specific osteopathic treatment targeted for AN in addition to the TAU (group A) and the other one, receiving TAU only (group B). The patients in group A will receive 5 30-min osteopathic treatment sessions. Soft specific palpatory techniques on the diaphragm, digestive system and cervical region will be performed. The TAU is defined by the multidisciplinary approach recommended by the French health high authority. The primary outcome is the evaluation of interoceptive sensibility and secondary outcomes include clinical and psychopathology-related symptoms with assessment of somatic dysfunctions’ evolution. A qualitative study will also be carried out, applying the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis method. Patients will be included for a maximum of 14 weeks between the inclusion time and the last evaluation. Discussion If the results of the study are positive (statistically significant efficacy of this osteopathic treatment protocol), the study will provide arguments in favor of osteopathic sessions as a possible non-invasive additional treatment option in the multidisciplinary care approach for patients with AN. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04666415, Release Date: December 11, 2020; N° ID-RCB: 2019-A02613-54. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-021-05810-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Letranchant
- Adolescent and Young adult psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France.
| | | | - Corinne Dugré-Le Bigre
- Adolescent and Young adult psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Agathe Wagner
- Department of Research, CEESO, 175 Boulevard Anatole France, 93200, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Florence Curt
- Adolescent and Young adult psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Silva
- Adolescent and Young adult psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Nicolas
- Adolescent and Young adult psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Pablo Votadoro
- Adolescent and Young adult psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Nina Kalindjian
- Adolescent and Young adult psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Anna Korchonnoff
- Adolescent and Young adult psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Andréa Gutierre
- Adolescent and Young adult psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Ana Beatriz Novelli
- Adolescent and Young adult psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France.,Doctoral school « Recherches en psychanalyse et psychopathologie (ED 450) », Paris University, Paris, France
| | | | - Maurice Corcos
- Adolescent and Young adult psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France
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Jalali N, Taghavi Kojidi H, Badrfam R, Zandifar A. The relationship between personality disorder, depression and eating disorder with treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes; a cross-sectional study in diabetic patients in Iran. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:153-159. [PMID: 34178827 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Adherence to treatment is of great importance in patients with diabetes mellitus due to its necessity and benefits. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between personality disorder, depression and eating disorder with appropriate treatment acceptance and follow-up in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed in Imam Ali Medical Education Center in Karaj city of Alborz province of Iran. A total of 1320 patients were evaluated and were screened according to the inclusion criteria, including type 2 diabetes and those over 18 years of age. Finally, considering the exclusion criteria, 600 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in the study. Patients were divided into 4 groups. 150 patients with type 2 diabetes in the control group, 150 patients with type 2 diabetes with major depressive disorder, 150 patients with type 2 diabetes with personality disorder and 150 patients with type 2 diabetes and eating disorder were studied. Questionnaires used in the study included Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAM-D) for depression, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory II (MMPI II) questionnaire for personality disorders and Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale(EDDS) for eating disorder. The Murisky questionnaire also assessed adherence to treatment in patients, which included 8 questions. Scores measure the degree of adherence to treatment. Results 600 patients with type 2 diabetes were studied. Patients were divided into 4 groups (each group consisting of 150 patients) of control, depression, personality disorder and eating disorder. Mean age, sex, marital status and duration of diabetes were not significantly different in the study groups (P > 0.05). The mean Murisky score in patients with depression and personality disorder was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05) but the mean Murisky score in patients with eating disorder was not significantly different (P > 0.05). Patients with depression, paranoid, schizotypal, antisocial, borderline, avoidant and dependent personality disorder had less adherent to treatment than the control group. Conclusions Early psychiatric evaluation of patients with diabetes and identification of possible disorders can help improve diabetes control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Jalali
- Imam Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Alborz Iran
| | - Habibeh Taghavi Kojidi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Rahim Badrfam
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Zandifar
- Imam Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Alborz Iran
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Romero-Mesa J, Peláez-Fernández MA, Extremera N. Emotional intelligence and eating disorders: a systematic review. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:1287-1301. [PMID: 32734465 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00968-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research indicates that deficits in emotional abilities are key predictors of the onset and maintenance of eating disorders (ED). As a relatively new emotion-related construct, emotional intelligence (EI) comprises a set of basic emotional abilities. Preliminary research suggests that deficits in EI are linked with disordered eating and other impulsive behaviours. Also, previous research reveals that emotional and socio-cognitive abilities, as well as ED symptomatology, varies across lifespan development. However, while the findings suggest promising results for the development of potential effective treatments for emotional deficits and disordered eating, it is difficult to summarise the relationship between EI and ED due to the diversity of theoretical approaches and variety of EI and ED measures. OBJECTIVE Our study, therefore, aimed to systematically review the current evidence on EI and ED in both the general and clinical populations and across different developmental stages. METHODS The databases examined were Medline, PsycInfo and Scopus, and 15 eligible articles were identified. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used. RESULTS All the studies reviewed indicated negative associations between EI and the dimensions of ED. Additionally, several mechanisms involved, namely adaptability, stress tolerance and emotional regulation were highlighted. CONCLUSION The systematic review suggests promising but challenging preliminary evidence of the associations between EI and the dimensions of ED across diverse stages of development. In addition, future research, practical implications and limitations are discussed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I Systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Romero-Mesa
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Social Anthropology and East Asian Studies, Faculty of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, s/n. 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - María Angeles Peláez-Fernández
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Social Anthropology and East Asian Studies, Faculty of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, s/n. 29071, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Natalio Extremera
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Social Anthropology and East Asian Studies, Faculty of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, s/n. 29071, Málaga, Spain
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12
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Vaňousová N, Brown TA, Sellbom M. Criterion and Incremental Validity of the MMPI-3 Eating Concerns Scale in a University Sample. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2021; 29:34-43. [PMID: 33782843 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-021-09772-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the validity of scores on the Eating Concerns (EAT) scale on the recently released Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3), which aims to assess for problematic eating behaviours. It was hypothesised that the EAT scale scores would be correlated with binge eating, purging, restrictive eating, weight and body shape concerns. Participants were 396 university students, who completed a series of well-validated eating disorder measures. The EAT scale scores evidenced moderate to large correlations with many symptom dimensions of EDs, including binge eating, purging, restrictive eating and weight and shape concern, thus, supporting the hypotheses and showing evidence for criterion validity. Hierarchical regression analyses also revealed incremental validity for the EAT scale above and beyond other MMPI-3 Specific Problems scale scores. Overall, scores on the new MMPI-3 EAT scale were associated with positive support for validity in a university population and seem promising as a good screening measure for eating pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nela Vaňousová
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Tiffany A Brown
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Martin Sellbom
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
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13
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Hayes JF, Balantekin KN, Graham AK, Strube MJ, Bickel WK, Wilfley DE. Implementation intentions for weight loss in college students with overweight and obesity: a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial. Transl Behav Med 2021; 11:359-368. [PMID: 32359068 PMCID: PMC7963295 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
One in three college students have overweight or obesity and are in need of brief, simple weight loss interventions. Implementation intentions, a strategy that connects a goal-aligned behavior to a cue, facilitate goal attainment of health behaviors but have not been applied as a standalone treatment for weight loss. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of an implementation intention weight loss intervention in college students. In this three-arm, proof-of-concept, randomized controlled trial, college students with overweight/obesity (N = 95) were randomized to one of three conditions: an implementation intention group (IMP), an enhanced implementation intention group (IMP+) that included text message reminders and fluency training (i.e., training for speed and accuracy), and a control goal intention group (GOL) for 4 weeks. Participants completed anthropometric and self-report assessments pretreatment and posttreatment and experience-sampling assessments during the study to assess how implementation intentions contribute to behavior change. Across the sample, IMP and IMP+ groups reported significantly more goal-congruent behaviors than the GOL group. However, no between-condition differences emerged for weight and diet outcomes. Across conditions, students lost a statistically significant amount of weight, improved diet quality, and reduced caloric intake (ps < .05). Setting implementation intentions was associated with increased behaviors consistent with weight loss goals. Moreover, participants in all groups lost a statistically significant amount of weight. Incorporating implementation intentions into weight loss interventions, and testing the efficacy of this approach on weight loss over a longer duration, may be beneficial for college students with overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline F Hayes
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Andrea K Graham
- Department of Medical Social Sciences and Preventive Medicine; Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael J Strube
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Warren K Bickel
- Department of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Behavioral Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech University, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Denise E Wilfley
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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14
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Boscoe A, Stanbury R, Harrison A. Social-emotional functioning in young people with symptoms of eating disorders: A gender inclusive analogue study. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e02017. [PMID: 33423399 PMCID: PMC7994675 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Contemporary models of eating disorders (EDs) suggest that EDs are maintained by social-emotional difficulties. However, supporting evidence is derived largely from female, clinic-based samples. This study, which refrained from gender specific inclusion criteria, aimed to improve understanding of social-emotional functioning in a large community-based analogue sample of young adults aged 16-26. METHODS Five hundred and forty-four participants (85.1% female; mean age 21, SD = 4.3) completed the Eating Attitudes Test, Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Social Phobia Inventory, Revised Social Anhedonia Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task. RESULTS One hundred and sixty-four participants scored over the EAT-26 clinical cutoff, and a two-way multivariate analysis of covariance found a medium-sized, statistically significant main effect of group on social-emotional functioning (F(5, 530) = 6.204, p ≤ .001, Wilks' Λ = 0.945, d = 0.48.), suggesting that individuals with significant ED symptoms found it more challenging to notice, label, and regulate emotions in themselves and recognize emotions in others. Gender did not significantly impact social-emotional functioning (F(10, 1,060) = 0.556, p = .850, Wilks' Λ = 0.990), and there was no significant group by gender interaction (F(10, 1,060) = 0.688, p = .737, Wilks' Λ = 0.987). CONCLUSION These data suggest that the social-emotional difficulties, particularly with emotion recognition and regulation, present in clinical samples are also evident in young people of all genders with significant disordered eating. Future work could aim to recruit an even more gender-diverse community sample to further elucidate social-emotional functioning in individuals in the community with significant disordered eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Boscoe
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Stanbury
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK
| | - Amy Harrison
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK
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15
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Mehlig K, Holmberg C, Bogl LH, Erhardt E, Hadjigeorgiou C, Hebestreit A, Kaprio J, Lauria F, Michels N, Pigeot I, Reisch LA, Veidebaum T, Lissner L. Weight Status and BMI-Related Traits in Adolescent Friendship Groups and Role of Sociodemographic Factors: The European IDEFICS/I.Family Cohort. Obes Facts 2021; 14:121-130. [PMID: 33352571 PMCID: PMC7983617 DOI: 10.1159/000512356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During adolescence, health behaviors and weight status are increasingly influenced by friendship and peer networks. This paper examines resemblances in weight-related characteristics and how they differ by sociodemographic factors. METHODS Over 3,000 friendships were reported by 1,603 adolescents, aged 11-16 years, who participated in the school-based I.Family study in 6 European countries. Each "source child" named 1-10 friends for whom standardized weight-related traits were available in the same survey. The mean value of the friends' traits weighted by time spent together was calculated, and related to the source child's trait. Country, age and sex of the source child, parental education, and immigrant background were considered for confounding and moderation. RESULTS Source children's z-scores of body fat percent and BMI were positively associated with their friends' characteristics, in particular if they had highly educated parents. Positive associations were also found regarding the frequency of fast-food consumption, impulsivity, screen time, preference for sugar-sweetened foods, and hours spent in sports clubs, in increasing order of effect size. Additionally, correlations were observed between friends' cognitive and school functioning and being bullied. No associations were seen for a preference for high-fat foods, weight concerns, and health-related quality of life. Finally, parental education and immigrant background were associated between friends in all countries except Sweden, where no associations were observed. CONCLUSION Adolescent friends shared a number of weight-related characteristics. For weight measures per se, positive associations with friends' characteristics were only observed in adolescents with high parental education. Associations regarding energy-balance behaviors and indicators of school-related well-being did not differ by parental education. Parental education and immigrant background correlated positively in friends in most countries showing that social aggregation is already occurring in adolescence. The wide spectrum of friendship associations in weight-related traits and behaviors suggests that health promotion initiatives in adolescents should be directed towards peer groups in both school-related and leisure-time environments. ISRCTN Registry: Pan-European IDEFICS/I.Family children cohort (ID ISRCTN62310987; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN62310987).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Mehlig
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,
| | - Christopher Holmberg
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Psychotic Disorders, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Leonie H Bogl
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eva Erhardt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fabio Lauria
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | | | - Iris Pigeot
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Lucia A Reisch
- Department of Management, Society and Communication, Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Lauren Lissner
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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16
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Seo CL, Lee JH. Attentional Bias to High-Calorie Food in Binge Eaters With High Shape/Weight Concern. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:606296. [PMID: 33762976 PMCID: PMC7982957 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.606296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with high shape/weight concern (SWC) place disproportionate emphasis on shape and weight in evaluating their self-worth, making them more vulnerable to body-related cues. Binge eaters (BE), who are obsessed with devouring high-calorie foods, would show severe symptomatology, especially when they have clinically high SWC. The present study attempted to elucidate how SWC influences binging based on attentional patterns toward high-calorie food cues. A total of 120 participants were selected and divided into four groups: (1) BE with high SWC, (2) BE with low SWC, (3) healthy controls (HC) with high SWC, and (4) HC with low SWC. BE and SWC status were respectively determined using the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (DSM-5) and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. All participants completed the same free-viewing task, measuring initial fixation latency and total fixation duration. BE with high SWC showed attentional bias toward high-calorie food cues in terms of significantly faster initial fixation latency and longer total fixation duration, whereas BE with low SWC and the HC groups did not show any differences. The results revealed that SWC level makes unique contributions to BE's initial orienting bias toward and difficulty disengaging from high-calorie food cues. This may indicate that BE with high SWC merely worry about eating high-calorie food in a cognitive way, but not controlling actual binging behavior. The current study of attentional bias elucidated the role of SWC as a potential maintenance factor of being concerned and binging in BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chai Lee Seo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jang-Han Lee
- Department of Psychology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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17
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Larsen A, Lilja M, Sturidsson K, Blatny M, Hrdlicka M, Stickley A, Ruchkin V. Bulimia symptoms in Czech youth: prevalence and association with internalizing problems. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:1543-1552. [PMID: 31621001 PMCID: PMC7581576 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00790-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although clinical studies suggest that bulimia symptoms are common in youth, research on the prevalence of such symptoms and of their association with comorbid internalizing problems in the general population has been limited. This study aimed to evaluate the gender-specific prevalence of bulimia symptoms in Czech youth and explored the association between a clinical level of self-reported bulimia symptoms (CLBS) and internalizing problems by gender, controlling for age, socio-economic status and puberty status. METHOD The study was conducted on a representative national sample of Czech youth (N = 4430, 57.0% female) using self-report scales. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to examine the associations. RESULTS The 3-month CLBS prevalence was higher in girls (11.4%) than in boys (3.8%) and in both genders a CLBS was associated with higher levels of comorbid internalizing problems. DISCUSSION Timely recognition of bulimia symptoms and associated risk factors is important for early prevention and intervention strategies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V, cross-sectional descriptive study (according to Oxford (UK) CEBM Levels of Evidence, 2011).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Larsen
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Lilja
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Knut Sturidsson
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Säter Forensic Psychiatric Clinic, 783 27, Säter, Sweden
| | - Marek Blatny
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts MU, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Hrdlicka
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Charles University Second Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew Stickley
- Stockholm Center for Health and Social Change (SCOHOST), Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Vladislav Ruchkin
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden. .,Child Study Center, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA. .,Säter Forensic Psychiatric Clinic, 783 27, Säter, Sweden.
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18
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Lapidus RC, Puhl M, Kuplicki R, Stewart JL, Paulus MP, Rhudy JL, Feinstein JS, Khalsa SS. Heightened affective response to perturbation of respiratory but not pain signals in eating, mood, and anxiety disorders. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235346. [PMID: 32667951 PMCID: PMC7363095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have recently suggested that an abnormal processing of respiratory interoceptive and nociceptive (painful) stimuli may contribute to eating disorder (ED) pathophysiology. Mood and anxiety disorders (MA) are also characterized by abnormal respiratory symptoms, and show substantial comorbidity with ED. However, no studies have examined both respiratory and pain processing simultaneously within ED and MA. The present study systematically evaluated responses to perturbations of respiratory and nociceptive signals across the levels of physiology, behavior, and symptom report in a transdiagnostic ED sample (n = 51) that was individually matched to MA individuals (n = 51) and healthy comparisons (HC; n = 51). Participants underwent an inspiratory breath-holding challenge as a probe of respiratory interoception and a cold pressor challenge as a probe of pain processing. We expected both clinical groups to report greater stress and fear in response to respiratory and nociceptive perturbation than HCs, in the absence of differential physiological and behavioral responses. During breath-holding, both the ED and MA groups reported significantly more stress, feelings of suffocation, and suffocation fear than HC, with the ED group reporting the most severe symptoms. Moreover, anxiety sensitivity was related to suffocation fear only in the ED group. The heightened affective responses in the current study occurred in the absence of group differences in behavioral (breath hold duration, cold pressor duration) and physiological (end-tidal carbon dioxide, end-tidal oxygen, heart rate, skin conductance) responses. Against our expectations, there were no group differences in the response to cold pain stimulation. A matched-subgroup analysis focusing on individuals with anorexia nervosa (n = 30) produced similar results. These findings underscore the presence of abnormal respiratory interoception in MA and suggest that hyperreactivity to respiratory signals may be a potentially overlooked clinical feature of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Lapidus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America.,Department of Psychology, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Maria Puhl
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Rayus Kuplicki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L Stewart
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America.,Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America.,Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Jamie L Rhudy
- Department of Psychology, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Justin S Feinstein
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America.,Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Sahib S Khalsa
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America.,Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
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19
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Brennan MA, Whelton WJ, Sharpe D. Benefits of yoga in the treatment of eating disorders: Results of a randomized controlled trial. Eat Disord 2020; 28:438-457. [PMID: 32182190 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2020.1731921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Yoga has begun to be incorporated into the treatment of eating disorders despite limited empirical support for this practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of incorporating Yoga into the treatment of eating disorders. This preliminary randomized controlled trial investigated the benefits of participating in an eight-week Kripalu Yoga program for 53 women with symptoms of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Compared to waitlist controls, Yoga participants experienced decreases in binge eating frequency, emotional regulation difficulties and self-criticism, and increases in self-compassion. Yoga participants also experienced increases in state mindfulness skills across the eight weeks of the Yoga program. While these results are encouraging and suggest Yoga may have a valuable role to play in the treatment of eating disorders, it is important to stress their tentative nature. Further research, adopting a more rigorous design, is needed to address the limitations of the present study and expand on these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Brennan
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Educational Psychology, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, Canada
| | - William J Whelton
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Canada
| | - Donald Sharpe
- Department of Psychology, University of Regina , Regina, Canada
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20
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Mercado D, Werthmann J, Campbell IC, Schmidt U. Study protocol of a randomised controlled feasibility study of food-related computerised attention training versus mindfulness training and waiting-list control for adults with overweight or obesity. Trials 2020; 21:66. [PMID: 31924255 PMCID: PMC6954613 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a highly prevalent condition with multiple adverse health consequences. Widely available first-line treatments for obesity, such as dietary and other lifestyle interventions, typically have only short-term effects. Thus, new treatment approaches are needed. Novel interventions such as Attention Bias Modification Training (ABMT) and mindfulness-based interventions focus on modifying different maladaptive cognitive patterns typically present in people with obesity (e.g. attention bias to food cues); however, their mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. We describe the theoretical basis and the rationale for a study protocol of a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing two attention trainings (ABMT vs Mindfulness Training [MT]) in people with overweight or obesity. The aim of this study is to inform the development of a large-scale RCT in relation to acceptability and attendance rates and to identify preliminary evidence for the interventions’ clinical efficacy and potential underlying mechanisms. Design Forty-five adults who are either overweight or obese (minimum body mass index of 25 kg/m2) will be randomly allocated to receive eight sessions over eight weeks of either computerised ABMT or MT or be on a waiting list. Clinical and cognitive outcomes will be assessed at baseline, post-treatment (8 weeks) and follow-up (12 weeks post-randomisation). These include mood, body composition and attention biases. Credibility and acceptability of the trainings will be assessed using questionnaires, and recruitment and retention rates will be recorded. Discussion Findings will inform the feasibility of developing a large-scale RCT that takes into consideration effect sizes for primary outcome measures and the acceptability of the design. The study will also provide preliminary evidence on the clinical efficacy of two different attention trainings for people with obesity and associated underlying mechanisms. Trial registration ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN15745838. Registered on 22 May 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mercado
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Jessica Werthmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Iain C Campbell
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK. .,South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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21
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Froreich FV, Ratcliffe SE, Vartanian LR. Blind versus open weighing from an eating disorder patient perspective. J Eat Disord 2020; 8:39. [PMID: 32821384 PMCID: PMC7429892 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-020-00316-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weighing is a key component in the treatment of eating disorders. Most treatment protocols advocate for open weighing, however, many clinicians choose to use blind weighing, especially during the early phase of treatment. Despite considerable debate about this issue in the literature, there is no empirical evidence supporting the superiority of one weighing approach over the other. In addition, little is known about patients' perspectives of open and blind weighing and which weighing practice they view as more acceptable and/or beneficial for their treatment. METHODS Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 41 women with a current or past diagnosis of Anorexia or Bulimia Nervosa: 26 were undergoing specialist inpatient treatment (n = 13 being blind weighed; n = 13 being open weighed) and 15 were community members who have recovered from an eating disorder. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using framework methods. Participant demographics, clinical characteristics, weighing anxiety and weight concerns were also assessed. RESULTS Qualitative analyses yielded five themes: (1) therapy engagement and progress; (2) Control and tolerance of weight uncertainty; (3) treatment team relationships and autonomy; (4) life outside of treatment; and (5) weighing practice preferences and rationale. Participants stated that blind weighing decreased anxiety and eating disorder psychopathology (e.g., weight preoccupation) and increased treatment responsivity. For many, relinquishing control over their weight facilitated body trust and was a necessary step towards recovery. Participants found that not knowing their exact weight helped challenge their overconcern with weight. Lack of support post-discharge was identified as a major difficulty of blind weighing. Overall, the majority of participants preferred blind weighing, particularly at the early, acute stage of treatment, whereas open weighing was viewed as more suitable at later stages of recovery. Quantitative analyses found current blind-weighed patients felt significantly less anxiety around being weighed and had greater tolerance of weight uncertainty than current open-weighed patients. CONCLUSIONS This study provided in-depth patient insights into open versus blind weighing practices. The next step for future research will be to supplement these insights with treatment outcomes gained from randomised controlled trials comparing the two weighing practices.
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22
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Stice E, Yokum S, Rohde P, Shaw H, Gau JM, Johnson S, Johns A. Randomized trial of a dissonance-based transdiagnostic group treatment for eating disorders: An evaluation of target engagement. J Consult Clin Psychol 2019; 87:772-786. [PMID: 31403814 DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Test whether a dissonance-based transdiagnostic eating disorder treatment reduces valuation of the thin beauty ideal and high-calorie binge foods, the intervention targets, and eating pathology relative to waitlist controls. METHOD Women with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 eating disorders (N = 100) were randomized to an 8-week group-implemented Body Project Treatment (BPT) redesigned to encourage rapid symptom reduction or a waitlist control condition, completing functional MRI paradigms assessing neural response to thin models and binge foods, questionnaires, and diagnostic interviews at pretest and posttest. RESULTS Compared to controls, BPT participants showed greater reductions in responsivity of regions involved in reward valuation (ventromedial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, caudate) to thin models but not binge foods, pursuit of the thin ideal (d = .72), palatability ratings of binge foods (d = .78), and greater increases in attractiveness ratings of average-weight models (d = .44), the intervention targets. BPT participants also showed significantly greater reductions in body dissatisfaction (d = .83), negative affect (d = .76), and eating disorder symptoms (d = .59), and marginally greater abstinence from binge eating and compensatory behaviors (39% vs. 21%) than controls. CONCLUSIONS Results provide novel evidence that BPT affected the hypothesized intervention targets and reduced variables that are putatively secondary to pursuit of the thin ideal, including body dissatisfaction, negative affect, and eating disorder symptoms. Symptom reductions were smaller than in past trials, suggesting that it may be optimal to reduce valuation of the thin ideal before asking participants to reduce disordered eating behaviors that are used to pursue this ideal. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aviva Johns
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin
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23
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Jons WA, Colby CL, McElroy SL, Frye MA, Biernacka JM, Winham SJ. Statistical methods for testing X chromosome variant associations: application to sex-specific characteristics of bipolar disorder. Biol Sex Differ 2019; 10:57. [PMID: 31818333 PMCID: PMC6902568 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-019-0272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) affects both sexes, but important sex differences exist with respect to its symptoms and comorbidities. For example, rapid cycling (RC) is more prevalent in females, and alcohol use disorder (AUD) is more prevalent in males. We hypothesize that X chromosome variants may be associated with sex-specific characteristics of BD. Few studies have explored the role of the X chromosome in BD, which is complicated by X chromosome inactivation (XCI). This process achieves "dosage compensation" for many X chromosome genes by silencing one of the two copies in females, and most statistical methods either ignore that XCI occurs or falsely assume that one copy is inactivated at all loci. We introduce new statistical methods that do not make these assumptions. METHODS We investigated this hypothesis in 1001 BD patients from the Genetic Association Information Network (GAIN) and 957 BD patients from the Mayo Clinic Bipolar Disorder Biobank. We examined the association of over 14,000 X chromosome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with sex-associated BD traits using two statistical approaches that account for whether a SNP may be undergoing or escaping XCI. In the "XCI-informed approach," we fit a sex-adjusted logistic regression model assuming additive genetic effects where we coded the SNP either assuming one copy is expressed or two copies are expressed based on prior knowledge about which regions are inactivated. In the "XCI-robust approach," we fit a logistic regression model with sex, SNP, and SNP-sex interaction effects that is flexible to whether the region is inactivated or escaping XCI. RESULTS Using the "XCI-informed approach," which considers only the main effect of SNP and does not allow the SNP effect to differ by sex, no significant associations were identified for any of the phenotypes. Using the "XCI-robust approach," intergenic SNP rs5932307 was associated with BD (P = 8.3 × 10-8), with a stronger effect in females (odds ratio in males (ORM) = 1.13, odds ratio in females for a change of two allele copies (ORW2) = 3.86). CONCLUSION X chromosome association studies should employ methods which account for its unique biology. Future work is needed to validate the identified associations with BD, to formally assess the performance of both approaches under different true genetic architectures, and to apply these approaches to study sex differences in other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A. Jons
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Colin L. Colby
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Susan L. McElroy
- Lindner Center of HOPE, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Mason, OH 45040 USA
| | - Mark A. Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Joanna M. Biernacka
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Stacey J. Winham
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
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24
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Gorrell S, Walker DC, Anderson DA, Boswell JF. Gender differences in relations between alcohol-related compensatory behavior and eating pathology. Eat Weight Disord 2019; 24:715-721. [PMID: 30196525 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-018-0545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Concerns about caloric intake associated with alcohol use (e.g., fear of weight gain) are positively associated with compensatory eating behaviors (e.g., caloric restriction, self-induced vomiting), a phenomenon that has been identified across gender. Specific motivations for compensatory behaviors differ; some relate to eating disorder (ED) pathology (e.g., shape and weight concerns), and others to alcohol (e.g., enhancing effects). Research examining motivations for alcohol-related compensatory behaviors in men is limited to date. The current study sought to assess how specific types of alcohol-related compensatory behaviors and their association with ED pathology present differently by gender. METHODS Undergraduates (N = 530, 48% female) completed the Compensatory Eating Behaviors in Response to Alcohol Consumption Scale (CEBRACS), Eating Disorders Diagnostic Scale (EDDS), and reported height, weight, and frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption. Data were examined using linear regression, and relations between CEBRACS behaviors and eating pathology were compared across gender. RESULTS Factors that were positively associated with EDDS scores for both men and women included alcohol-related dietary restraint, and exercise. For women, but not men, alcohol-related bulimic behavior also contributed to elevations in EDDS scores. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that specific types of alcohol-related compensatory eating behaviors (i.e., dietary restraint and exercise) are positively related to ED pathology for both male and female participants. In contrast, bulimic behaviors' association with ED pathology is gender specific. Understanding gender differences in alcohol-related compensatory behaviors and ED risk may inform gender-specific intervention targets. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Cross-sectional descriptive study, Level V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Gorrell
- University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Social Sciences 399, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
| | | | - Drew A Anderson
- University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Social Sciences 399, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - James F Boswell
- University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Social Sciences 399, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
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25
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Meadows A, Higgs S. Internalised Weight Stigma Moderates the Impact of a Stigmatising Prime on Eating in the Absence of Hunger in Higher- but Not Lower-Weight Individuals. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1022. [PMID: 31139111 PMCID: PMC6519002 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A considerable body of evidence links internalised weight stigma with higher levels of disordered eating behaviour and cognitions in both normative- and higher-weight populations. However, to date, the impact of internalised weight stigma on objectively measured food intake has not been explored. In the present study, a weight-diverse sample of 158 non-smoking adults (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 n = 72, BMI < 25 kg/m2 n = 86) were recruited to a study on "The effects of hunger and satiety on information processing." Participants first completed a series of online questionnaires, then attended a lab visit in a fed state. Participants were randomised to read a sham news article on the negative consequences of either weight (stigma condition) or smoking (control condition) and answer some questions about the article. Then, under the pretence of a non-study-relevant break, participants were exposed to a pre-weighed selection of sweet and savoury snacks for 15 min. Mood and hunger levels were assessed prior to and after reading the vignette, and after the break. In contrast to the relationship with self-report eating behaviour, internalised weight stigma was not a significant independent predictor of total energy intake and did not moderate the relationship between exposure to the stigma prime and calories consumed. However, differences emerged on the basis of participants' weight status. Higher-weight participants with high levels of internalised weight stigma consumed fewer snack calories following exposure to a weight-stigma prime compared with a neutral prime (B = -137, SE = 58, t = -2.35, p = 0.020, 95% CI -252, -22) whereas those with low levels of internalised weight stigma tended to eat more in the weight stigma condition (B = 118, SE = 62, t = 1.91, p = 0.059, 95% CI -4, 241). In normative-weight participants, no differences in energy intake by levels of internalised weight stigma were observed. These findings suggest differences in the relationships between internalised weight stigma and self-reported disordered eating behaviour versus eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) measured under laboratory conditions. Additionally, internalised weight stigma appears to have differential effects on response to stigma in higher-weight and normative-weight individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Meadows
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne Higgs
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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26
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Carrot B, Duclos J, Barry C, Radon L, Maria AS, Kaganski I, Jeremic Z, Barton-Clegg V, Corcos M, Lasfar M, Gerardin P, Harf A, Moro MR, Blanchet C, Godart N. Multicenter randomized controlled trial on the comparison of multi-family therapy (MFT) and systemic single-family therapy (SFT) in young patients with anorexia nervosa: study protocol of the THERAFAMBEST study. Trials 2019; 20:249. [PMID: 31039797 PMCID: PMC6492384 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious psychiatric illness that begins most of the time during adolescence. An early and efficacious intervention is crucial to minimize the risk of the illness becoming chronic and to limit the occurrence of comorbidities. There is a global consensus on optimal treatment for adolescents suffering from AN: international guidelines recommend single-family therapy that involves the patient and his/her family. Several family therapy approaches have been developed to date. However, these approaches, which imply a direct questioning of intrafamilial dynamics, are not suitable for all patients and families, and the rates of dropout or poor response to treatment remain quite high. A modality of family therapy has been adapted to AN, known as multi-family therapy (MFT), which consists in bringing together several families whose children suffers from the same illness. Objectives of the present randomized clinical trial are to evaluate whether the implementation of MFT in a multi-disciplinary treatment program for adolescents with AN is at least as efficacious as the use of systemic single-family therapy (SFT), with respect to the evolution of body mass index and other clinical outcomes 12 and 18 months after the start of treatment. A cost-efficiency analysis will also be conducted. Methods One hundred fifty patients meeting the inclusion criteria will be randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups. Patients and their families will receive 10 sessions of therapy spread over 12 months. Body weight, eating disorder and other psychopathology-related symptoms, quality of family relationships, and family satisfaction with treatment will be evaluated during the treatment and at an 18 months follow-up. A cost-efficiency analysis will also be carried out. Discussion We hypothesize that MFT is at least as efficacious as SFT, but at a lesser cost. The identification of possible preferential indications for each technique could help the improvement of therapeutic indications for adolescents suffering from AN and contribute to the earliness of intervention, which is associated with a better outcome. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03350594. Registered on 22 November 2017. IDRCB number 2016-A00818-43. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-019-3347-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Carrot
- Psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France.,CESP, INSERM, UMR 1018, University Paris-Sud, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jeanne Duclos
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Cognitive and Affective Sciences, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Caroline Barry
- CESP, INSERM, UMR 1018, University Paris-Sud, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Leslie Radon
- CESP, INSERM, UMR 1018, University Paris-Sud, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Department of Addiction, Eating Disorders Unit, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - Anne-Solène Maria
- CESP, INSERM, UMR 1018, University Paris-Sud, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Irène Kaganski
- Psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Zorica Jeremic
- Psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | | | - Maurice Corcos
- Psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France.,Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychopathology, Psychoanalysis - EA 4056 (PCPP), University of Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Malaïka Lasfar
- Department of Medical Pediatrics and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Rouen University Hospital and Rouvray Hospital, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Priscille Gerardin
- Department of Medical Pediatrics and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Rouen University Hospital and Rouvray Hospital, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Aurélie Harf
- CESP, INSERM, UMR 1018, University Paris-Sud, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Maison de Solenn, Maison des Adolescents, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Rose Moro
- CESP, INSERM, UMR 1018, University Paris-Sud, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychopathology, Psychoanalysis - EA 4056 (PCPP), University of Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Maison de Solenn, Maison des Adolescents, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Blanchet
- CESP, INSERM, UMR 1018, University Paris-Sud, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychopathology, Psychoanalysis - EA 4056 (PCPP), University of Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Maison de Solenn, Maison des Adolescents, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Godart
- CESP, INSERM, UMR 1018, University Paris-Sud, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil (UVSQ), Versailles, France.,Fondation de Santé des Etudiants de France, Paris, France
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Mason TB, Engwall A, Mead MP, Irish LA. Sleep and eating disorders among adults enrolled in a commercial weight loss program: associations with self-report and objective sleep measures. Eat Weight Disord 2019; 24:307-312. [PMID: 30852800 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Some research suggests that eating disorders are related to poor sleep health. To increase knowledge on the relation between sleep and eating disorders, we used a multi-method approach to examine associations between sleep, chronotype, and eating disorder psychopathology. METHODS We investigated associations between ED psychopathology, both diagnostic categories (ascertained through self-report data) and dimensional measures, and self-report and ambulatory measures of sleep. Adults currently enrolled in a commercial weight loss program completed self-report measures as well as 1 week of ambulatory sleep monitoring and sleep diaries. RESULTS Participants with full- or sub-threshold bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder reported significantly lower subjective sleep health and greater eveningness. Additionally, greater severity of eating disorder psychopathology was associated with lower subjective sleep health and greater eveningness. Eating disorder psychopathology was generally not related to objective sleep measures. Regarding diary measures, global eating disorder psychopathology was negatively correlated with subjective reports of feeling rested. CONCLUSION Eating disorder psychopathology is associated with participants' subjective sense of sleep quality, but appears to have little relation to objective sleep characteristics. Level of evidence Level V, descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler B Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
| | - Allison Engwall
- Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Michael P Mead
- Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Leah A Irish
- Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.,Sanford Research, Fargo, ND, USA
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28
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Lyu Z, Zheng P, Lu S, Qin M. Impaired Conflict Monitoring to Food Cues in Women Who Binge Eat. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2585. [PMID: 30618999 PMCID: PMC6304389 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research demonstrated the associations between cognitive biases toward food cues and binge eating (BE) behavior. To determine the characteristics of conflict monitoring to food cues in women who binge eat and non-eating disordered controls, a flanker task featured high-caloric food and low-caloric food images was used to examine conflict monitoring with measures of accuracy and reaction time. Women who binge eat displayed longer reaction times (RTs) to incongruent trials (i.e., flanked by pictures from the different category) than to congruent trials (i.e., flanked by pictures from the same category), while controls showed no such difference. This finding demonstrated women who binge eat displayed a general flanker effect toward food-related stimuli compared to controls. Faster reaction times in response to high-caloric food images disturbed by low-caloric food images predicted lower self-reported motor impulsiveness in the women who binge eat, but not in controls. These data suggest a relative conflict monitoring deficit in women with BE pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyong Lyu
- School of Education Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Panpan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Songkai Lu
- School of Education Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Mingzhi Qin
- School of Education Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
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29
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Perceived Social Support for Exercise and Weight Loss in Adolescents Undergoing Sleeve Gastrectomy. Obes Surg 2018; 28:421-426. [PMID: 28770423 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-2853-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for youth with severe obesity. However, outcomes are variable and there remains sparse understanding of predictors of weight loss following surgery. The current study examines the role of adolescent-reported pre-operative social support around exercise, binge eating, and exercise to predict excess body mass index (EBMI) loss from 3 to 12 months post-surgery. METHOD Participants were 101 adolescents ages 12-21 (M age = 16.6, SD = 1.8). Pre-operative body mass index (BMI) ranged from 35 to 87 (M = 50.3, SD = 8.6). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to evaluate a model of the association of adolescent report of perceived social support for exercise with less binge eating (items from the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale) and more self-reported exercise (items from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System). The model was used to predict EBMI loss at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-surgery. RESULTS Social support significantly predicted exercise and demonstrated a trend for predicting binge eating, such that more social support was associated with more exercise and a trend for less binge eating. Binge eating was associated with less EBMI loss. However, there was no association of exercise with EBMI loss. CONCLUSIONS Pre-operative binge eating should be a target for identification and treatment prior to sleeve gastrectomy in adolescents. Although not directly or indirectly associated with EBMI loss, perceived social support around exercise was associated with increased exercise, which may make it a consideration for a target for intervention as well.
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30
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Anderson NL, Smith KE, Mason TB, Crowther JH. Testing an Integrative Model of Affect Regulation and Avoidance in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Disordered Eating. Arch Suicide Res 2018; 22:295-310. [PMID: 28644927 PMCID: PMC5917567 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2017.1340854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This research tested a model that integrates risk factors among non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and eating disorder (ED) behaviors with the aim of elucidating possible shared and unique mechanisms underlying both behaviors. Emotional distress, limited access to emotion regulation (ER) strategies, experiential avoidance, and NSSI/ED frequency were examined in a sample of 230 female undergraduates. Structural equation modeling indicated that limited access to ER strategies and avoidance mediated relationship between emotional distress and avoidance, which in turn was associated with NSSI and ED behaviors. Results suggest NSSI and ED behaviors may serve similar emotion regulation functions, and specifically highlight the role of experiential avoidance in these behaviors.
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31
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Mason TB, Smith KE, Lavender JM, Lewis RJ. Independent and interactive associations of negative affect, restraint, and impulsivity in relation to binge eating among women. Appetite 2018; 121:147-153. [PMID: 29155045 PMCID: PMC5944610 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.11.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There is growing recognition that impulsivity may serve as an underlying risk factor for binge eating. In addition, the association of impulsivity with binge eating may be moderated by other affective and cognitive risk factors. This study examined independent and interactive associations of negative affect, dietary restraint, and facets of impulsivity with binge eating. A diverse sample of 566 undergraduate women completed online questionnaires of study variables. Results revealed a three-way interaction of negative affect, dietary restraint, and attentional impulsivity in relation to binge eating. Women who were high on each of these three variables reported the greatest levels of binge eating. In addition, a two-way interaction was found for negative affect and nonplanning impulsivity in relation to binge eating, such that nonplanning impulsivity strengthened the association between negative affect and binge eating. Attentional and nonplanning facets of impulsivity may function as an underlying trait-level risk factor interacts with affective and/or cognitive risk (e.g., negative affect, dietary restraint) factors to predict elevated binge eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler B Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Kathryn E Smith
- Department of Clinical Research, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Jason M Lavender
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robin J Lewis
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA; Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, USA
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32
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Morassut RE, Langlois C, Alyass A, Ishola AF, Yazdi FT, Mayhew AJ, Reddon H, MacKillop J, Pigeyre M, Meyre D. Rationale and design of GENEiUS: a prospective observational study on the genetic and environmental determinants of body mass index evolution in Canadian undergraduate students. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e019365. [PMID: 29229660 PMCID: PMC5778320 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a global epidemic and is a risk factor for developing other comorbidities. Young adulthood is a critical period for body weight change and establishing healthy lifestyle behaviours. The 'Freshman 15' suggests that undergraduate students gain 15 lbs (6.8 kg) during their first year of university, although evidence estimates a more modest weight gain of approximately 3-5 lbs (1.4-2.3 kg). Previous studies have only investigated weight change in the first year and do not study potential risk factors. Genetic and EnviroNmental Effects on weight in University Students (GENEiUS) is a prospective observational study which will investigate the environmental and biological determinants of weight change in undergraduate students over 4 years. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The GENEiUS study will recruit 2500 multiethnic undergraduates aged 17-25 years at McMaster University at the start of their first year and will follow them every 6 months for 4 years. Primary outcomes are obesity traits: body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat mass and body fat percentage. The contribution of well-established and novel genetic variants for obesity traits and heritability values will be derived from whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping arrays. Civil status, age, sex, ethnicity, length of residence in Canada, religiosity, energy intake, physical activity, exercise motivation, electronic screen time, sleep patterns, history of assault, smoking status, alcohol consumption, medication and drug use, stress, impulsivity, body image perception, self-esteem, anxiety, eating disorders and depression will be investigated for their effect on obesity traits. The findings of the GENEiUS study will be used to help design obesity prevention programme in North American universities with multiethnic populations. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval of the study protocol has been obtained from the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board. Study results will be disseminated through scientific publications, scholarly meetings, and collaborative meetings with university administration and student groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita E Morassut
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Christine Langlois
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Akram Alyass
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Adeola F Ishola
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Fereshteh T Yazdi
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Mayhew
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Hudson Reddon
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie Pigeyre
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, University of Lille, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - David Meyre
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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33
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Woodward K, McIlwain D, Mond J. Feelings about the self and body in eating disturbances: The role of internalized shame, self-esteem, externalized self-perceptions, and body shame. SELF AND IDENTITY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2017.1403373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kim Woodward
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Doris McIlwain
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jonathan Mond
- Centre for Rural Health, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia
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Napolitano MA, Whiteley JA, Mavredes MN, Faro J, DiPietro L, Hayman LL, Neighbors CJ, Simmens S. Using social media to deliver weight loss programming to young adults: Design and rationale for the Healthy Body Healthy U (HBHU) trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2017; 60:1-13. [PMID: 28611007 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transitional period from late adolescence to early adulthood is a vulnerable period for weight gain, with a twofold increase in overweight/obesity during this life transition. In the United States, approximately one-third of young adults have obesity and are at a high risk for weight gain. PURPOSE To describe the design and rationale of a National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) sponsored randomized, controlled clinical trial, the Healthy Body Healthy U (HBHU) study, which compares the differential efficacy of three interventions on weight loss among young adults aged 18-35years. METHODS The intervention is delivered via Facebook and SMS Text Messaging (text messaging) and includes: 1) targeted content (Targeted); 2) tailored or personalized feedback (Tailored); or 3) contact control (Control). Recruitment is on-going at two campus sites, with the intervention delivery conducted by the parent site. A total of 450 students will be randomly-assigned to receive one of three programs for 18months. We hypothesize that: a) the Tailored group will lose significantly more weight at the 6, 12, 18month follow-ups compared with the Targeted group; and that b) both the Tailored and Targeted groups will have greater weight loss at the 6, 12, 18month follow-ups than the Control group. We also hypothesize that participants who achieve a 5% weight loss at 6 and 18months will have greater improvements in their cardiometabolic risk factors than those who do not achieve this target. We will examine intervention costs to inform implementation and sustainability other universities. Expected study completion date is 2019. CONCLUSIONS This project has significant public health impact, as the successful translation could reach as many as 20 million university students each year, and change the current standard of practice for promoting weight management within university campus communities. ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT02342912.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Napolitano
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, 950 New Hampshire Ave NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20052, USA; Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, The George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, 950 New Hampshire Ave NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | - Jessica A Whiteley
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Exercise and Health Sciences Program, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Science Center, 2(nd) Floor, Boston, MA 02125-3393, USA.
| | - Meghan N Mavredes
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, 950 New Hampshire Ave NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | - Jamie Faro
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Exercise and Health Sciences Program, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Science Center, 2(nd) Floor, Boston, MA 02125-3393, USA.
| | - Loretta DiPietro
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, The George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, 950 New Hampshire Ave NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | - Laura L Hayman
- University of Massachusetts Boston, Department of Nursing, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Quinn Administration-01-01, Boston, MA 02125-3393, USA.
| | - Charles J Neighbors
- Columbia University, The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Health Services Research, 633 Third Avenue, 19th Floor, New York, NY 10017, USA.
| | - Samuel Simmens
- The George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Science & Engineering Hall, 800 22nd St NW, Floor 7, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
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Rosenbaum DL, White KS. Does cognitive avoidance mediate the relation of anxiety and binge eating? Eat Weight Disord 2016; 21:653-659. [PMID: 27100227 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-016-0284-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Theory suggests that binge eating symptoms may develop in an attempt to avoid distressing states that arise in the context of negative affect. In light of its theoretical significance, including the "escape from awareness" model of binge eating, surprisingly few empirical evaluations have examined the empirical evidence for this variable in relation to anxiety and binge eating symptoms. In addition, although it is understood that anxiety is more prevalent among women than men, empirical investigations of gender differences in cognitive avoidance in binge eating are thus far absent from the published literature. METHODS Participants (N = 436) were recruited from diverse geographic regions across the United States to take part in an online study. Cognitive avoidance, anxiety, and binge eating measures were collected. RESULTS Cognitive avoidance partially mediated the relation between anxiety and binge eating in the full sample; however, results differed across genders. Specifically, cognitive avoidance was a mediator for women, but not for men. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the "escape from awareness" model of binge eating among women, and suggest that targeting cognitive avoidance in binge eating treatment may be a promising clinical avenue. Future research may benefit from exploring the broader construct of experiential avoidance to determine if the gender differences in cognitive avoidance observed in this study are indicative of a larger pattern of avoidance behavior, and if factors other than cognitive avoidance may have greater relevance for men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane L Rosenbaum
- University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA.
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Kamila S White
- University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
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Saltzman JA, Pineros-Leano M, Liechty JM, Bost KK, Fiese BH. Eating, feeding, and feeling: emotional responsiveness mediates longitudinal associations between maternal binge eating, feeding practices, and child weight. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2016; 13:89. [PMID: 27484590 PMCID: PMC4971716 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-016-0415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although it is known that maternal disordered eating is related to restrictive feeding practices, there is little research exploring mechanisms for this association or its effects on other feeding practices. The purpose of this study was to assess whether maternal emotion responses mediate the association between maternal binge eating (BE) and child feeding practices, in order to identify potential risk factors for feeding practices that influence child weight. Methods This longitudinal observational study included (n = 260) mothers and children from the STRONG Kids Panel Survey. At Wave 1, children were an average of 37 months old (SD = 6.9), and at Wave 2 children were an average of 57 months old (SD = 8.3). Mothers self-reported their frequency of binge eating behavior (Wave 1), responses to children’s negative emotions (Wave 1), feeding practices (Wave 1 and Wave 2), and child height and weight were measured at both time points. Using bias-corrected bootstrapping procedures, we tested the hypothesis that longitudinal associations between maternal BE and nonresponsive parent feeding practices would be mediated by parents’ unsupportive responses to children’s negative emotion. We also tested a serial mediation model positing that maternal BE predicts child body mass index (BMI) percentile change 18-24 months later, indirectly through unsupportive responses to negative emotion and nonresponsive feeding practices. Results Maternal BE predicted use of more nonresponsive feeding practices (e.g. Emotion Regulation, Restriction for Health, Pressure to Eat, and Food as Reward), indirectly through more Distress responses to children’s negative emotions. In the serial mediation model, maternal BE was associated with greater use of Distress responses, which indirectly predicted higher child BMI percentile through Food as Reward feeding practices. Conclusions These results suggest that maternal eating and emotion responsiveness are important for understanding the interpersonal context of feeding behaviors, and child weight outcomes. Distress responses may serve as a risk factor for use of unhealthful feeding practices among mothers with BE and these responses may increase children’s risk for weight gain. Trial registration This study used an observational prospective design. Therefore, it has not been registered as a clinical intervention trial. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-016-0415-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn A Saltzman
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 904 South Nevada St., MC-081, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA. .,Illinois Transdisciplinary Obesity Prevention Program, University of Illinois, Champaign, USA.
| | - Maria Pineros-Leano
- Illinois Transdisciplinary Obesity Prevention Program, University of Illinois, Champaign, USA.,School of Social Work, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1010 West Nevada St., Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Janet M Liechty
- Illinois Transdisciplinary Obesity Prevention Program, University of Illinois, Champaign, USA.,School of Social Work, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1010 West Nevada St., Urbana, IL, USA.,College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1010 West Nevada St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Kelly K Bost
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 904 South Nevada St., MC-081, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Illinois Transdisciplinary Obesity Prevention Program, University of Illinois, Champaign, USA
| | - Barbara H Fiese
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 904 South Nevada St., MC-081, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Illinois Transdisciplinary Obesity Prevention Program, University of Illinois, Champaign, USA.,Family Resiliency Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 904 South Nevada St., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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Horndasch S, O'Keefe S, Lamond A, Brown K, McCabe C. Increased anticipatory but decreased consummatory brain responses to food in sisters of anorexia nervosa patients. BJPsych Open 2016; 2:255-261. [PMID: 27703784 PMCID: PMC4995168 DOI: 10.1192/bjpo.bp.115.002550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown increased anticipatory and consummatory neural responses to rewarding and aversive food stimuli in women recovered from anorexia nervosa (AN). AIMS To determine whether these differences are trait markers for AN, we examined the neural response in those with a familial history but no personal history of AN. METHOD Thirty-six volunteers were recruited: 15 who had a sister with anorexia nervosa (family history) and 21 control participants. Using fMRI we examined the neural response during an anticipatory phase (food cues, rewarding and aversive), an effort phase and a consummatory phase (rewarding and aversive tastes). RESULTS Family history (FH) volunteers showed increased activity in the caudate during the anticipation of both reward and aversive food and in the thalamus and amygdala during anticipation of aversive only. FH had decreased activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, the pallidum and the superior frontal gyrus during taste consumption. CONCLUSIONS Increased neural anticipatory but decreased consummatory responses to food might be a biomarker for AN. Interventions that could normalise these differences may help to prevent disorder onset. DECLARATION OF INTEREST C.M. has acted as a consultant to P1VITAL, Givaudan, GWPharma, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and Channel 4. COPYRIGHT AND USAGE © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2016. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Horndasch
- , MD, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK, and Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sophie O'Keefe
- MSc, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Anneka Lamond
- MSc, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Katie Brown
- , MSc, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Ciara McCabe
- , PhD, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Brown JC, Kontos D, Schnall MD, Wu S, Schmitz KH. The Dose-Response Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Body Composition and Breast Tissue among Women at High Risk for Breast Cancer: A Randomized Trial. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:581-8. [PMID: 27099272 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Observational data indicate that behaviors that shift energetic homeostasis, such as exercise, may decrease the risk of developing breast cancer by reducing the amount of energy-dense, metabolically active adipose tissue. Between December 2008 and April 2013, we conducted a single-blind, 5-month, clinical trial that randomized premenopausal women at high risk of developing breast cancer to one of three groups: 150 min/wk of aerobic exercise (low dose), 300 min/wk of aerobic exercise (high dose), or control. Body composition was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) was quantified using computerized algorithms on breast dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. Over 5 months, compared with the control group: the low-dose and high-dose groups lost -1.5 ± 0.5 and -1.3 ± 0.5 kg of body mass (linear Ptrend = 0.032); -1.5 ± 0.4 and -1.4 ± 0.3 kg of fat mass (linear Ptrend = 0.003); -1.3 ± 0.3 and -1.4 ± 0.3% of body fat (linear Ptrend < 0.001); -15.9 ± 5.4 and -26.6 ± 5.0 cm(2) of subcutaneous adipose tissue (linear Ptrend < 0.001); and -6.6 ± 1.9 and -5.0 ± 1.9 cm(2) visceral adipose tissue (nonlinear Ptrend = 0.037). For each -1 cm(2) reduction in visceral adipose tissue, BPE decreased by -3.43 ± 1.34 cm(2) (P = 0.010) and explained 9.7% of the variability in BPE. Changes in other aforementioned body composition outcomes did not significantly correlate with changes in BPE. These mechanistic data support observational evidence that shifting energetic homeostasis through exercise may alter the risk of developing breast cancer. Additional adequately powered studies are needed to confirm and expand upon our findings that changes in body composition are associated with changes in BPE. Cancer Prev Res; 9(7); 581-8. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shandong Wu
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Kothari R, Barona M, Treasure J, Micali N. Social cognition in children at familial high-risk of developing an eating disorder. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 9:208. [PMID: 26300753 PMCID: PMC4528178 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Diagnosis of an eating disorder (ED) has been associated with differences in social cognition. To date research investigating social cognition and ED has mainly employed patient and recovered samples. It is therefore unclear whether differences in social cognition are present prior to onset of ED, potentially contributing to development, or whether differences observed are a consequence of the disorder. We aimed to further explore whether individuals at high-risk for ED present social cognition characteristics previously found in ED groups. Methods: Our sample was drawn from a population-based cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Data on maternal ED behaviors over the lifetime were collected through in-depth clinical interviews (n = 1128) conducted using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM disorders (SCID), and were used to categorize mothers according to ED behaviors over the lifetime: Restricting and Excessive Exercising (n = 58), Purging (n = 70), Binge-eating (n = 72), Binging and Purging (n = 66), no ED (n = 862). High-risk status of children was determined using these maternal lifetime behavioral phenotypes. Children at high-risk (maternal ED exposure) were compared to children at low-risk (born to mothers with no ED) on three measures of social cognition: the Social Communication Disorders Checklist (SCDC) (n = 922), the faces subtest of the Diagnostic Analysis of Non-Verbal Accuracy (DANVA) (n = 722), and the Emotional Triangles Task (n = 750). Results: Children at high-risk for ED showed poorer performance on measures of social cognition compared to children at low-risk. Maternal lifetime binge-eating, and maternal lifetime binging and purging were associated with poorer social communication in children (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.0, 5.7, p = 0.05; and OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.1, 6.5, p = 0.03 respectively). Maternal binging and purging was also found to be associated with differential facial emotion processing and poorer recognition of fear from social motion cues (B: −0.7, 95% CI: −1.1, −0.2, p = 0.004). Discussion: Children at high-risk for ED showed slight differences in some areas of social cognition when compared to children at low-risk. Characteristic patterns in social cognition are present in children at high-risk for ED, particularly among children whose mothers have binge-eating and purging behaviors over the lifetime. Our findings support the hypothesis that these differences may be part of an intermediate phenotype for ED: perhaps contributing to development, or perhaps indexing a shared liability with psychiatric disorders characterized by abnormal social cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Kothari
- Behavioural and Brain Sciences, Institute of Child Health, University College London London, UK ; Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London London, UK
| | - Manuela Barona
- Behavioural and Brain Sciences, Institute of Child Health, University College London London, UK
| | - Janet Treasure
- Psychological Medicine, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry London, UK
| | - Nadia Micali
- Behavioural and Brain Sciences, Institute of Child Health, University College London London, UK ; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn Medical School at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA ; Mindich Child health and Development Institute, Icahn Medical School at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
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Cooper M, Kelland H. Medication and psychotherapy in eating disorders: is there a gap between research and practice? J Eat Disord 2015; 3:45. [PMID: 26629344 PMCID: PMC4665866 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-015-0080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little research has investigated the use of evidence-based guidelines by eating disorder (ED) therapists, or prescribing of psychotropic medication. Moreover, people with EDs have rarely been surveyed on these topics, and their clinical and demographic features have not been presented. This study investigated perception of psychotherapy, psychotropic medication and the clinical characteristics of a community sample of people with EDs. METHOD An online survey methodology was used to recruit 253 people with eating disorders in the community. Where feasible, comparisons were made between four types of eating disorder, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and two types of atypical or 'sub-threshold' eating disorder. RESULTS Unlike medication, reported psychotherapy showed some congruence with evidence based and other guidance. Most participants were currently receiving either psychotherapy, medication or both, and most had a severe and chronic ED. CONCLUSIONS Findings are considered in light of use of evidence-based treatment for EDs, calls for greater dissemination of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT); indications that much may be poor quality; and the importance of what treatments to offer those who are chronically and severely ill. Development of theory and novel treatments is considered a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myra Cooper
- Isis Education Centre, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX UK
| | - Hannah Kelland
- Isis Education Centre, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX UK
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Siegling AB, Petrides KV, Martskvishvili K. An Examination of a New Psychometric Method for Optimizing Multi-Faceted Assessment Instruments in the Context of Trait Emotional Intelligence. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2014; 29:42-54. [PMID: 25798028 PMCID: PMC4359043 DOI: 10.1002/per.1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Driven by the challenge of representing and measuring psychological attributes, this article outlines a psychometric method aimed at identifying problem facets. The method, which integrates theoretical and empirical steps, is applied in the context of the construct of trait emotional intelligence (trait EI), using data from six different samples (N = 1284) collected across Europe. Alternative representations of the trait EI variance, derived from the outcome variables used in previous validation studies of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, were regressed on the 15 trait EI facets using the stepwise method. The analyses revealed five facets, which did not occupy unique construct variance in any of the six samples. As expected, a composite of the remaining 10 facets consistently showed greater construct validity than the original 15-facet composite. Implications for construct and scale development are discussed, and directions for further validation of the method and for its application to other constructs are provided. © 2014 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Siegling
- London Psychometric Laboratory, University College London London, UK
| | - K V Petrides
- London Psychometric Laboratory, University College London London, UK
| | - Khatuna Martskvishvili
- London Psychometric Laboratory, University College London London, UK ; Tbilisi State University Tbilisi, Georgia
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Perez M, Van Diest AK, Cutts S. Preliminary examination of a mentor-based program for eating disorders. J Eat Disord 2014; 2:24. [PMID: 25426293 PMCID: PMC4243944 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-014-0024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a current and pressing need for recovery resources for individuals suffering from eating disorders. Mentoring programs have been useful with other psychiatric disorders such as addictions, and may be useful for individuals recovering from an eating disorder. The present study sought to examine a mentoring program for individuals working towards recovery from an eating disorder. METHODS The study included mentors (i.e., individuals who have recovered from an eating disorder for an extended period of time), and mentees (i.e., individuals who were in the process of recovering from an eating disorder and wanting additional support aside from their treatment team). Participants included 141 participants, consisting of 34 mentors, 58 mentees who matched with a mentor, and 49 mentees searching for a mentor. Participants completed questions assessing eating disorder symptoms, quality of life, motivation towards recovery, and treatment compliance. RESULTS Matched mentees reported higher levels of quality of life on 7 out of 12 domains, and missed fewer appointments with treatment providers when compared to unmatched mentees. There were no differences between matched and unmatched mentees on motivation, energy or confidence towards recovery. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest a mentor model is beneficial for individuals engaged in the process of recovering from an eating disorder in the areas of quality of life and treatment compliance. Specifically, mentees in a mentoring relationship reported better family and close relationships, future outlook, and psychological, emotional, and physical well-being than unmatched mentees. Mentors reported being positively impacted by the mentoring relationship by strengthening the skills they learned while in recovery, and reminding them of how far they had come in their own recovery. The findings in this study suggest that mentor programs warrant further investigation as ancillary support services for individuals recovering from an eating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Perez
- />Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4235 USA
| | - Ashley Kroon Van Diest
- />Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4235 USA
| | - Shannon Cutts
- />MentorCONNECT, www.mentorconnect-ed.org, Houston, Texas USA
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Ames SL, Kisbu-Sakarya Y, Reynolds KD, Boyle S, Cappelli C, Cox MG, Dust M, Grenard JL, Mackinnon DP, Stacy AW. Inhibitory control effects in adolescent binge eating and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and snacks. Appetite 2014; 81:180-92. [PMID: 24949566 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitory control and sensitivity to reward are relevant to the food choices individuals make frequently. An imbalance of these systems can lead to deficits in decision-making that are relevant to food ingestion. This study evaluated the relationship between dietary behaviors - binge eating and consumption of sweetened beverages and snacks - and behavioral control processes among 198 adolescents, ages 14 to 17. Neurocognitive control processes were assessed with the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), a generic Go/No-Go task, and a food-specific Go/No-Go task. The food-specific version directly ties the task to food cues that trigger responses, addressing an integral link between cue-habit processes. Diet was assessed with self-administered food frequency and binge eating questionnaires. Latent variable models revealed marked gender differences. Inhibitory problems on the food-specific and generic Go/No-Go tasks were significantly correlated with binge eating only in females, whereas inhibitory problems measured with these tasks were the strongest correlates of sweet snack consumption in males. Higher BMI percentile and sedentary behavior also predicted binge eating in females and sweet snack consumption in males. Inhibitory problems on the generic Go/No-Go, poorer affective decision-making on the IGT, and sedentary behavior were associated with sweetened beverage consumption in males, but not females. The food-specific Go/No-Go was not predictive in models evaluating sweetened beverage consumption, providing some initial discriminant validity for the task, which consisted of sweet/fatty snacks as no-go signals and no sugar-sweetened beverage signals. This work extends research findings, revealing gender differences in inhibitory function relevant to behavioral control. Further, the findings contribute to research implicating the relevance of cues in habitual behaviors and their relationship to snack food consumption in an understudied population of diverse adolescents not receiving treatment for eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L Ames
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA.
| | - Yasemin Kisbu-Sakarya
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, 950 S. McAllister, Room 237, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA
| | - Kim D Reynolds
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA
| | - Sarah Boyle
- School of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, East 10th Street, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA
| | - Christopher Cappelli
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA
| | - Matthew G Cox
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, 950 S. McAllister, Room 237, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA
| | - Mark Dust
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA
| | - Jerry L Grenard
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA
| | - David P Mackinnon
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, 950 S. McAllister, Room 237, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA
| | - Alan W Stacy
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA
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Appetite sensations, appetite signaling proteins, and glucose in obese adolescents with subclinical binge eating disorder. ISRN OBESITY 2014; 2014:312826. [PMID: 25006530 PMCID: PMC3967462 DOI: 10.1155/2014/312826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective. This study aimed to investigate potential differences in appetite sensations, ghrelin, peptide YY, and glucose and their relationship with energy and macronutrient intake in obese adolescents with subclinical binge eating disorder. Methods. Fifteen obese adolescents (six and nine individuals with and without subclinical binge eating disorder, resp.) qualified for this study. Visual analog scales and Three-Factor Eating Questionnaires were used to assess eating behaviours. Circulating ghrelin, peptide YY, and glucose were measured after fasting and at multiple time points postprandially following a standardized breakfast meal. Energy and macronutrient intake were measured with an ad libitum lunch buffet. Results. Emotional eating scores were significantly higher in obese adolescents with subclinical binge eating disorder. Hunger levels rose and satiety levels fell significantly over the course of the monitoring period but there was no difference between the two groups. Obese adolescents with subclinical binge eating disorder did not have significantly different levels of appetite signaling proteins or glucose. Obese adolescents with subclinical binge eating disorder had a nonsignificantly higher energy and macronutrient intake. Conclusions. A significant difference between the two groups in terms of their emotional eating scores highlights the important role that psychological factors play in relation to eating behaviours.
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Thiels C, Deb KS. EDDA: an eating disorder diagnostic algorithm according to ICD-11. Eat Weight Disord 2014; 19:111-4. [PMID: 24474663 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-014-0102-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Thiels
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Bielefeld, Kurt-Schumacher- Str. 6, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany,
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Pacanowski CR, Senso MM, Oriogun K, Crain AL, Sherwood NE. Binge eating behavior and weight loss maintenance over a 2-year period. J Obes 2014; 2014:249315. [PMID: 24891946 PMCID: PMC4033559 DOI: 10.1155/2014/249315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between binge eating behavior and weight loss maintenance over a two-year period in adults. DESIGN Secondary data analysis using the Keep It Off study, a randomized trial evaluating an intervention to promote weight loss maintenance. PARTICIPANTS 419 men and women (ages: 20 to 70 y; BMI: 20-44 kg/m2) who had intentionally lost ≥10% of their weight during the previous year. MEASUREMENTS Body weight was measured and binge eating behavior over the past 6 months was reported at baseline, 12 months and 24 months. Height was measured at baseline. RESULTS Prevalence of binge eating at baseline was 19.4% (n = 76). Prevalence of binge eating at any time point was 30.1% (n = 126). Although rate of weight regain did not differ significantly between those who did or did not report binge eating at baseline, binge eating behavior across the study period (additive value of presence or absence at each time point) was significantly associated with different rates of weight regain. CONCLUSION Tailoring weight loss maintenance interventions to address binge eating behavior is warranted given the prevalence and the different rates of weight regain experienced by those reporting this behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly R. Pacanowski
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
- *Carly R. Pacanowski:
| | - Meghan M. Senso
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
- HealthPartners Institute for Education and Research, 8170 33rd Avenue South, Bloomington, MN 55425, USA
| | - Kristin Oriogun
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - A. Lauren Crain
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
- HealthPartners Institute for Education and Research, 8170 33rd Avenue South, Bloomington, MN 55425, USA
| | - Nancy E. Sherwood
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
- HealthPartners Institute for Education and Research, 8170 33rd Avenue South, Bloomington, MN 55425, USA
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The impact of indicated prevention and early intervention on co-morbid eating disorder and depressive symptoms: a systematic review. J Eat Disord 2014; 2:30. [PMID: 25408915 PMCID: PMC4234846 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-014-0030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive and eating disorder symptoms are highly comorbid. To date, however, little is known regarding the efficacy of existing programs in decreasing concurrent eating disorder and depressive symptoms. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of selective and indicated controlled prevention and early intervention programs that assessed both eating disorder and depressive symptoms. RESULTS We identified a total of 26 studies. The large majority of identified interventions (92%) were successful in decreasing eating disorder symptoms. However fewer than half (42%) were successful in decreasing both eating disorder and depressive symptoms. Intervention and participant characteristics did not predict success in decreasing depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Indicated prevention and early intervention programs targeting eating disorder symptoms are limited in their success in decreasing concurrent depressive symptoms. Further efforts to develop more efficient interventions that are successful in decreasing both eating disorder and depressive symptoms are warranted.
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Rider KA, Terrell DJ, Sisemore TA, Hecht JE. Religious coping style as a predictor of the severity of anorectic symptomology. Eat Disord 2014; 22:163-79. [PMID: 24378228 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2013.864890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A review of the literature concerning the relationship between anorexia nervosa (AN) and religion reveals two disparate themes: religion as a cultivator of AN, and religion as a recovery benefactor. The purpose of the present study was to address this discrepancy by exploring one factor--religious coping style--suspected to influence the role religion assumes in the lives of individuals with AN. A sample of 134 women who self-identified as having received an AN diagnosis completed measures of religious coping style and anorectic symptomology. Analyses revealed that religious coping style significantly predicted severity of anorectic symptomology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A Rider
- a School of Counseling, Richmont Graduate University , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
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Deboer LB, Medina JL, Davis ML, Presnell KE, Powers MB, Smits JAJ. Associations Between Fear of Negative Evaluation and Eating Pathology During Intervention and 12-Month Follow-up. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2013; 37:10.1007/s10608-013-9547-y. [PMID: 24222926 PMCID: PMC3821740 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-013-9547-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fear of negative evaluation, a core feature of social anxiety disorder, has been prospectively related to eating pathology over and above other established risk factors, suggesting that it may be an important cognitive risk factor for eating disorders. The present study examined reciprocal longitudinal relations among fear of negative evaluation and eating disorder risk factors using a female undergraduate sample (N=82) enrolled in an eating disorder prevention program. Cross-lagged panel analysis revealed that fear of negative evaluation was a determinant of subsequent body dissatisfaction and eating disorder symptoms. Fear of negative evaluation also predicted subsequent thin-ideal internalization among participants with high BMI, but not among those with low BMI. Fear of negative evaluation did not predict future dietary restraint or negative affect but was itself predicted by prior levels of thin ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint, and negative affect. Findings suggest that fear of negative evaluation may be a useful target for reducing body image concerns and maladaptive eating behavior.
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Grenard JL, Stacy AW, Shiffman S, Baraldi AN, MacKinnon DP, Lockhart G, Kisbu-Sakarya Y, Boyle S, Beleva Y, Koprowski C, Ames SL, Reynolds KD. Sweetened drink and snacking cues in adolescents: a study using ecological momentary assessment. Appetite 2013; 67:61-73. [PMID: 23583312 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify physical, social, and intrapersonal cues that were associated with the consumption of sweetened beverages and sweet and salty snacks among adolescents from lower SES neighborhoods. Students were recruited from high schools with a minimum level of 25% free or reduced cost lunches. Using ecological momentary assessment, participants (N=158) were trained to answer brief questionnaires on handheld PDA devices: (a) each time they ate or drank, (b) when prompted randomly, and (c) once each evening. Data were collected over 7days for each participant. Participants reported their location (e.g., school grounds, home), mood, social environment, activities (e.g., watching TV, texting), cravings, food cues (e.g., saw a snack), and food choices. Results showed that having unhealthy snacks or sweet drinks among adolescents was associated with being at school, being with friends, feeling lonely or bored, craving a drink or snack, and being exposed to food cues. Surprisingly, sweet drink consumption was associated with exercising. Watching TV was associated with consuming sweet snacks but not with salty snacks or sweet drinks. These findings identify important environmental and intrapersonal cues to poor snacking choices that may be applied to interventions designed to disrupt these food-related, cue-behavior linked habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry L Grenard
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West Foothill Blvd. Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA.
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